Somalia

First off, Somalia is not a good tourist destination.

A desert country at the horn of Africa, Somalia has a long, rich history. All you need to know about said history is that the country has been in a civil war since 1991, and it has all but destroyed the state's infrastructure. Fighting continues between various factions, and in January 2009 the Transitional Federal Government was sent into exile following the end of a war against Ethiopia, giving de facto control to the Islamist factions. Currently, the UN-backed government does not itself govern beyond the capital, Mogadishu. In other words, there are no traffic lights, no road maintenance, no postal service, and no police, unless you count the various local and foreign military groups assigned there to keep the peace. On the bright side, this means no taxes, so international businesses can import and export more cheaply. Not usually by boat, though, since there are pirates all around the busier ports. It's the textbook example of a "failed state".

There are five ( But REALLY 7) main regions in Somalia. From North to South:
 * Somaliland: The safest region, and a de facto independent country. Currently vying for international recognition as such.
 * Disputed region: Maakhir and Northland compose the region disputed between Somaliland and Puntland.
 * Puntland: Not vying for independence, and not as safe. Most pirates come from here.
 * Galmudug: Formerly ruled by pirates until they were driven out in 2007, the Galmudug government is trying to rebuild within its own country.
 * Islamist Region: Formerly occupied by the Islamic Courts Union, the group has fallen from power since 2006, though their remnants in the form of Al Shabaab continue to control the area.
 * Somali Galbeed(Western Somalia)/Ogadeen is the "Somali Province" Of Ethiopia. (It is not included in most "Somalia" maps, hence why Somalia looks like a 7)It is an historic and ethnic Somali region. It was handed over to the Ethiopians by the British. To say they are being treated well by their new country is an understatement. Somalis from that region want to reunite with their brother and sisters to the east, and create a Greater Somalia.

The other secret (or ignored) 2 are:
 * Djibouti: Djibouti used to be a french colony but got independence from France, they had a vote in which they could vote to join other somalis in Somalia in which they were a part of before, or be their own country and have a french base, french meddling took place, and now look what happened.
 * NFD (Northern Kenya): Bet'chah didn't know that too huh? Northern Kenya is a Somali region, taken over by Kenya (given to by the British, nice people huh?), they want to reunite with all Somalis, but Kenya is not letting them, so the Somalis there have taken over Kenya from the inside, their government, their money, their business etc. Yeah payback's a....

The capital, Mogadishu, is a bad place. The Wikitravel page reads like an over-the-top parody, with no fewer than seven statements emphasizing the likelihood of travelers to die there, but it's all true. The rest of the country isn't much better, but Somaliland is probably the safest area. Noteworthy for both playing the trope We ARE Struggling Together! straight and subverting it at the same time, as the country has been wracked with civil war for decades but the rival factions have temporarily united to drive out foreign groups sent to restore order (such as the American-led United Nations mission in the 1990s and the Ethiopian intervention in 2006-2008) before resuming fighting among themselves. At the moment (2011), the African Union is trying to stabilize the situation, but as with previous occupations, can barely manage to keep the capital intact and watch as the chaos continues everywhere else.

Somalia in Real Life provides examples of:
In media
 * Anarchy Is Chaos: And how!
 * Arch Enemy: Somalia's had some pretty nasty spats with Ethiopia over the centuries.
 * Crapsack World
 * My Country, Right or Wrong: Somalis from the South.
 * Dirty Commies: In power during the 1970s and 1980s, the reason war broke out in the first place.
 * Everything Trying to Kill You
 * Fighting For a Homeland: About the one thing the Somalis seem to agree on is that they don't want to be ruled by foreigners.
 * Forever War: Has been ongoing since the early 1990s with no hint of a conclusion.
 * Hobbes Was Right: Life without government really is nasty, brutish and short.
 * Mosque Militant: The ICU, and now al-Shabaab.
 * Order Versus Chaos: The strong but brutal Islamists or the weak, ineffectual democrats? Take your pick!
 * Privately-Owned Society: Well, since there is no functioning government, this is de facto how things are run.
 * Ruthless Modern Pirates: The Trope Codifier.
 * Schmuck Bait: Go ahead. Send troops into Somalia. It worked so well for the United States, Ethiopia and the African Union.
 * The Woobie: The citizens.
 * The Clan Somalis are is HEAVILY divided into clans.Oh and there's 5.
 * Black Hawk Down
 * The Season Seven opener of NCIS has Ziva David held prisoner by Islamists in Somalia.
 * South Park did an episode about Somali pirates.
 * FlashForward had  take place in Somalia. Some of the protagonists eventually find out about it and go there to investigate.
 * Fansadox: "Somalian Waters". This is the comic that uses Ruritanian names so to not upset some countries.
 * The Moe Anthropomorphism of Somalia in Scandinavia and The World is a pirate. In his one-and-only appearance (to date), he is seen fighting Saudi Arabia, whom (thanks to Denmark's misunderstanding) is a ninja. Have fun.
 * One of the missions in Modern Warfare 3 takes place in Boosaaso, Price's team need to extract info from a guy named Waraabe on the attacks on Europe.
 * In One Piece, Luffy's Arch Enemy Marshall D. Teach (aka Blackbeard) is from Hachinosu, which according to Oda, is the Fantasy Counterpart Culture equivalent of Somalia. Seeing as Teach is an evil pirate, this makes perfect sense.