Puzzle Game

Video games that require mental skill as well as, or instead of, dexterity and quick reflexes.

The term includes both games such as Lemmings that involve solving a series of puzzles, and the Tetris subgenre in which, although nothing that fits the usual dictionary definition of "puzzle" is present, doing well at the game requires mental skill in working out the best way to manipulate pieces to attain a certain objective.

A single round of a puzzle game may appear in a game of another genre, particularly Adventure, as an obstacle to the player.

One of the most classic examples is the "sliding tile" or "fifteen" puzzle, where a player must rearrange tiles to form a picture by sliding them around a grid.

Far and away the most famous such game is Tetris, a Russian Falling Blocks game where players must guide falling "tetrominoes" to form complete lines.

It can be broken down into these sub-genres:
 * Action\Survival: There is some randomness in the playfield and\or the pieces given to the player (if any), and the player is tasked with keeping pace with the game; most often, this means clearing blocks fast enough to prevent the playfield from filling up. Sometimes there is an objective, other times it's an Endless Game. Both Type-A and Type-B of the famous NES Tetris play this way.
 * Pure Puzzle: The playfield and pieces are set up by the developers (or fans), and the player is given a set number of turns\moves to satisfy an objective, like clearing the playfield. If a puzzle game advertises having X number of levels, it's probably a Pure Puzzle or one of the next two below. It's also common for Action\Survival Puzzle games to have a "Puzzle" mode which has this kind of gameplay (or Hybrid). Some pen-and-paper puzzles, like Sudoku, can fall under this category.
 * Action-Puzzle Hybrid: Like Pure Puzzle, but on the clock. Either there is a time limit, or pieces start appearing, disappearing, or get placed automatically (whichever is bad) if the player takes too long. Sometimes the turn\move limit is removed. These usually play out less rigidly than pure puzzles, giving the player a little more freedom without resulting in an Unwinnable situation.
 * Puzzle Platformer: Similar to Pure or Hybrid, but here, the player is actually controlling a character, tasked with an objective such as getting to the other side of the room. The character will need to push or slide blocks, toggle switches, spin turnstiles, and interact with other puzzle-oriented obstacles to advance.
 * Rhythm Game: May or may not be a sub-genre of Puzzle Game depending on who you ask.
 * Actual Puzzle: The puzzles presented are actual puzzles in the classical sense, such as logic problems like Knights and Knaves, lateral thinking puzzles, mathematical problems, and so on. Once rare, the success of such games as the Professor Layton series have brought more of these to the forefront.

When this is combined with a Platform Game, it becomes a Puzzle Platformer.

Other well-known puzzle games include:


 * Mastermind, where a player must deduce a combination within a set number of guesses, being told after each guess how many digits he has guessed correctly.
 * Samegame (not a strongly associated title, but this game doesn't have a single title strongly associated with it), where the player must clear a playfield of tiles by selecting adjacent groups with the same marking.
 * Shanghai (Activision's trademark) or Mah-Jong Solitaire and a million variant spellings thereof, where the player must clear a three dimensional playfield by selecting unblocked tiles with the same marking (often Mahjong tiles).
 * Klondike (also known as Solitaire or Patience), a simulation of the card game.
 * Freecell, a solitaire card game similar to Klondike, but with certain mathematically interesting properties.
 * Minesweeper, where the player must find mines on a playfield by uncovering tiles based on a number in each uncovered square giving the number of adjacent mines.
 * Memory (or Concentration), where the player must clear the playfield by locating identical pairs of face-down tiles.

The most recent Puzzle Game to have huge breakout success is Sudoku, a logic puzzle where players must fill the empty spaces in a grid with numbers such that every row, column, and sub-grid contains each digit from 1 through 9. It has spawned many variants, some of which introduce other complications, such as arithmetical problems.

Here are some sites that offer online Puzzle Games, in no particular order:
 * Yahoo! Games
 * Miniclip
 * Thinks.com
 * Bob Harris' Puzzle Pages
 * Joytube
 * Orisinal
 * GameHouse
 * Absolutist
 * Popcap, famous for Bejeweled
 * Vegard Hanssen, who creates online versions of many Sudoku-type games.
 * Eyezmaze, a Japanese site (English-friendly) renowned for its Grow series and other quirky titles.
 * Pogo, EA's games portal

Games in this genre that have wiki pages:

 * Three in Three
 * Absorption
 * Adventures of Lolo
 * Ai to Yuuki To Kashiwa Mochi
 * Amateur Surgeon
 * Arkanoid
 * Ballance
 * Bejeweled
 * Boppin
 * Braid
 * Breakout
 * Chime
 * Chips Challenge
 * Chuzzle
 * Clash of Heroes
 * Columns
 * Columns Crown
 * The Company of Myself
 * Crazy Machines
 * Critical Mass 2011
 * Cut the Rope
 * Dangerous High School Girls in Trouble!
 * Dark Parables
 * Deadly Rooms of Death
 * Depict 1
 * Diner Dash
 * Don't Pull
 * Dr. Mario
 * The Dreamhold
 * Eets
 * Enough Plumbers
 * Escape From the Mindmaster
 * Fantastic Contraption
 * Fez
 * God of Thunder
 * Grow
 * Gruntz
 * Guardian Rock
 * Gubble
 * Harvest Moon Frantic Farming
 * Hoshi Saga
 * The Incredible Machine
 * The Impossible Quiz
 * Irisu Syndrome
 * Intelligent Qube
 * Jewel Quest
 * Klax
 * Kye
 * Legend of Fae
 * Lemmings
 * LIT
 * Lexi-Cross
 * Limbo
 * Logical Journey of the Zoombinis
 * Lost Winds
 * The Lost Vikings
 * Lucidity
 * Lumines
 * Magical Drop
 * Magic Jewelry
 * Marble Blast Gold
 * Marios Picross
 * Meteos
 * Minesweeper
 * Mirrors Edge
 * The Misadventures of PB Winterbottom
 * Mischief Makers
 * Miss World 96 Nude
 * Mondo Medicals
 * Mondo Agency
 * Nelson Tethers Puzzle Agent
 * Nimbus
 * Oracle of Tao
 * OXO
 * Paganitzu
 * Panel De Pon
 * Planet Busters
 * Planetarium
 * Pipe Mania
 * Save Toshi
 * Portal
 * Portal 2
 * Professor Layton
 * Professor Layton and The Curious Village
 * Professor Layton and The Diabolical Box
 * Professor Layton and The Unwound Future
 * Professor Layton and The Last Specter
 * Professor Layton and The Mask of Miracle 
 * Professor Layton vs. Ace Attorney
 * Punch Out
 * Push Over
 * Puyo Puyo
 * Puzzle Bobble (AKA "Bust-A-Move")
 * Puzzle! Mushihime-tama
 * Puzzle Quest (a Match Three Game with RPG Elements)
 * Repton
 * Reset Generation
 * Robot Odyssey
 * Roll Away
 * Rooms the Main Building
 * Scribblenauts
 * The Secret Island of Dr. Quandary
 * The Seventh Guest
 * Shatter
 * Shift
 * Slydris
 * Sokoban
 * Space Chem
 * Spin Jam
 * SPISPOPD
 * Stacking
 * Star Sweep
 * Stockboy
 * Sub Terra
 * Tetris
 * Not Tetris, a parody
 * Tetris the Grand Master
 * Today I Die
 * The Unfinished Swan
 * Where's My Water?
 * Wiz Orb
 * World of Goo
 * Yoshis Egg
 * Zack and Wiki Quest For Barbaros Treasure
 * Zuma
 * Zero Escape
 * Nine Hours, Nine Persons, Nine Doors
 * Virtue's Last Reward