Fox-Chicken-Grain Puzzle



"RATS! Your goose is cooked!"

- a failure message from one computer version of this puzzle

A Stock Puzzle, subset of the Inventory Management Puzzle. You are a farmer taking a fox (or a wolf), a chicken (or a goose) and a sack of grain to market (don't ask why you're taking a fox to market) and you come across a river. The only way across the river is by a small boat, which can only hold at most you and one of the three items. Left unsupervised, the chicken will eat the grain or the fox will eat the chicken (however, the fox won't try to eat the grain, nor will the fox or the chicken wander off ). What's the quickest way to get everything across the river?

The standard answer is:
 * 1) Take the chicken across
 * 2) Come back with the boat empty besides yourself
 * 3) Take the grain (or the fox) across
 * 4) Take the chicken back
 * 5) Take the fox (or the grain) across
 * 6) Come back with the boat empty besides yourself
 * 7) Take the chicken across

May also appear with different animals and vegetables, such as wolves, sheep and cabbages. A "jealous husbands" variant has three couples trying to cross a river with a two-person rowboat, but none of the men will allow his wife to be alone with either of the other men on either side of the river. It, too, can be solved in seven steps.

This is an ancient puzzle. The oldest known example was found in Propositiones ad Acuendos Juvenes, which dates to the late ninth century.

A more complicated version, but which operates on much the same principle, involves a barrier (usually a bridge), four people who all move at different rates, and some item that is required in order to cross the barrier (most often a flashlight). The puzzle is to get all the people across within a specified amount of time, which seems to be too short. Probably the most well-known version of this is: "Four men want to cross a bridge. They all begin on the same side. It is night, and they have only one flashlight with them. At most two men can cross the bridge at a time, and any party who crosses, either one or two people, must have the flashlight with them. The flashlight must be walked back and forth: it cannot be thrown, etc. Each man walks at a different speed. A pair must walk together at the speed of the slower man. Man 1 needs 1 minute to cross the bridge, man 2 needs 2 minutes, man 3 needs 5 minutes, and man 4 needs 10 minutes. For example, if man 1 and man 3 walk across together, they need 5 minutes."

"The Question: How can all four men cross the bridge within 17 minutes? The Answer:"

There's yet another variant called "Missionaries and Cannibals" where the poor missionaries get eaten if the number of cannibals are greater than theirs.

Anime and Manga

 * The cannibals and missionaries version is mentioned in Umineko no Naku Koro ni, with wolves and sheep.

Card Games

 * Appears in Perplex City, with a professor, a senior fellow and a cocktail.

Literature

 * This puzzle is featured quite humorously in a Czech-language gamebook Norik: You need to cross a river and you meet a farmer with a boat, a wolf, a goat and a basket of cabbage and need to help him get the three 'items' on the other side of river. When he returns back to get the goat, you must convince him to get you over the water first. Then, when he returns to finally get the goat, the wolf grows tired of not being able to eat the goat and eats the cabbage instead. Norik (your alter-ego) shouts at it and the wolf runs off, which also results in the rest of the cabbage being thrown into river. As you hear the farmer shout profanities at you, you decide to not wait for him and go on. Later, you arrive at a farmhouse, where you could sleep, but decide not to after it turns out to be that farmer's house, when he runs after you, pulling (and strangling) the goat after him.
 * The Piers Anthony novel With a Tangled Skein has this near the ending, with the Missionaries/cannibals variant. The complication is that there are three women and three demons, and if the demons outnumber the women at any point, the women will be raped.
 * Near the end of John Varley's Red Thunder, Manny mentally compares the situation of saving several trapped people from the wreckage of a spaceship to this puzzle. As he arranges to get them out, he solves it in his head.

Live-Action TV
"Gareth: Get his wife to help. Tim: He doesn't have a wife. Gareth: All farmers have wives. Tim: This one doesn't; he's gay. Gareth: Well then, he shouldn't be allowed near animals, should he?"
 * In an episode of The BBC's version of The Office, Gareth and Tim are assigned to solve this puzzle as a problem-solving exercise. As always, Gareth complicates things by taking it literally...


 * Subverted in Beauty and the Geek. The puzzle included a rowboat, a sack of grain and a toy chicken and fox. The solution was to take them all at once since toy animals don't eat each other.
 * Mongrels references this in the first episode with Nelson the fox, his chicken "girlfriend" and a bag of grain they were eating. They solved it by knocking out the boat's owner and stealing it.

MMORPGs

 * RuneScape has one of these, completing a similar task for Temple Knight Sir Sisyphus.
 * The bridge type showed up in a recent quest.
 * The free children's MMO Poptropica has a puzzle involving this.

Newspaper Comics

 * Parodied in a Dilbert strip as the question Pointy-Haired Boss asks an immoral job interviewee, whose proposed solution is to take out insurance on the chicken, eat it, then blame the fox.

Video Games

 * A variant of this turned up in the classic MacVenture game Uninvited, where if you didn't choose correctly between a small bird, a housecat and a snake, then one of the remaining animals would eat the third, and then it would slaughter you (the solution was to ).
 * Naturally, various versions of this puzzle pops up in the Professor Layton series.
 * Zork Zero has you collect a fox, a chicken and an earthworm, all to be taken across a swamp and used in "Borphbelly Stew".
 * Crusader of Centy (known as Soleil in Europe and Ragnacenty in Japan) for the Sega Genesis/Mega Drive uses this puzzle, but with a chicken, a caterpillar, and a flower.
 * The caterpillar then decides to join your party to see the world. And it's a talking flower.
 * Appears near the end of the third Broken Sword game.
 * This was apparently the entire concept of an in-universe video game on Between the Lions . Not much replay value there...
 * In a subquest in Final Fantasy XII, in order to make one of the cockatrice go back home, you must transport the cockatrice, a wolf and the boy across a river.
 * An Adobe Flash game has a more complex variant involving a raft, eight people and a convoluted set of rules. Good luck!
 * The obscure dating game Sprung on the Nintendo DS had a variation to this on Brett's story. At one point Brett will be asked to go to Sanctuary with Becky, where he will bring his buds Lucas and Danny while she brings Alex and Erica. The catch, however, is that Becky wants a calmer night, so she doesn't want any funny business (nevermind that Sanctuary is a raving night club where the nameless other people not mentioned in the game are probably doing just that). The puzzle comes where Brett meets everyone but Becky at the front of the club and he has to get all of them inside one by one. However, if Lucas and Alex or Danny and Erica are left alone and Brett comes back to them later, he will catch them making out, leading to Becky to see this, her announcing the night was ruined and you getting slapped with a game over. The puzzle is extended further because it's not only a matter of getting everyone inside, but also a matter of keeping everyone happy which means a lot of shuffling out people whom are already fine inside (such as dragging Danny out because he gets panicked over the sight of too many people, or dragging Lucas out for pep talk). Further rules are also added as time marches on, including how the aforementioned couples can later be left alone without problems after an event happens where Brett talks them down, or how new pairings are made that can't be left alone without you interfering with them (such as how, at one point, Danny and Lucas will fight if left alone).
 * Appears as a series of wood-inlay pictures on a puzzle box in Nancy Drew: The Last Train to Blue Moon Canyon. It uses a dog, a cat and a bird, presumably because a bag of grain would be hard to identify in silhouette. Nancy deduces the animals' starting side for you, from no clues whatsoever!

Web Comics

 * Referenced in Xkcd some time ago.
 * Full Frontal Nerdity has a variation of "Missionaries and Cannibals" variant.

Web Original
"Yeah, it's like, Bella wants to be a vampire but she doesn't want to be a vampire before she's had sex as a human, and Edward doesn't want her to be a vampire but he wants to get married, but Bella doesn't want to get married unless she can be a vampire, but Edward won't have sex with her until they get married, and then you put the fox and the grain in the boat and you leave the goose back on the riverbank."
 * Cleolinda Jones describes Twilight thus:


 * The Internet comedy duo BriTANicK used this as the starting point for one of their videos, wherein Brian asks Nick a number of brainteasers. Not that Brian cares about the answers; he's just obsessed with stealing Nick's Klondike bar, and the thought of Nick making out with his girlfriend.
 * IT specialist site thedailywtf.com references the more complicated version with the bridge and four men here as the way to not do a job interview when looking for an IT specialist. Their prefered answer: leave the slow one behind!

Western Animation
"Tamika: Everybody knows that riddle! Sonny: What riddle? (Pulls curtain open, revealing a chicken, a coyote and a sack of corn)"
 * One episode of Class of 3000 had Sunny put his class through this task as training for an upcoming concert. Tamika lampshades it:

"Philly Phil: What's a coyote gonna do with a hundred dollars? Eddie: If cartoon memory serves right, he's gonna use it to buy a pair of Acme Rocket Skates."
 * Eddie and Philly Phil manage to get through it in fewer than seven steps due to Eddie bribing the coyote with a $100 bill to not eat the chicken.

"Homer: Why did I bring the baby and the dog to the poison store??"
 * Showed up in the 20th season Simpsons episode "Gone Maggie Gone". Homer is trying to get across a river with Maggie, Santa's Little Helper (who is trying to tear up Maggie's doll), and a jar of candy-coated rat poison.

"Space Ghost: Let's say you have a cow, a rowboat, and The Big Man. Zorak: You mean, Clarence Clemmons? Space Ghost: Of course. Now, the cow wants to transport Clarence across the river. But remember, the cow is on fire, and Clarence has no hands or bucket, so he has to untilize his hooks, and the mighty power of his saxophone!"
 * In the same episode, Cletus asks Homer for help with getting a fox, duck and corn across, but then "the puzzle done worked itself out" when both the corn and the duck are eaten.
 * In Space Ghost Coast to Coast, such a puzzle was used as a means of describing the concept of "branding" (no, NOT like branding with a hot iron). In typical Space Ghost fashion, the puzzle was... less-than-helpful in explaining the concept.


 * Note that no answer was given.