Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves

""Open sesame!""

"Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves" is a story from the Arabian Nights.

Ali Baba, a poor woodcutter, stumbles on the treasure cave of a band of robbers, which is magically sealed and must be opened by speaking the words "Open Sesame". He takes some of the treasure from the cave and becomes rich, but the robbers discover their loss and come in search of him. Their attempts to identify him and then to kill him are repeatedly foiled by the clever slave-girl Morgiana, and all the thieves wind up dead. Morgiana marries Ali Baba's son, and the family lives happily ever after.

Although the story is best-known as part of the Arabian Nights, and is one of the best-known stories from the Arabian Nights, it appears to be a late ring-in. The earliest existing written version is in the first European translation of the Arabian Nights, published in the 18th century by Antoine Galland, and it's thought that he included the tale from a separate source.


 * Evil Sorcerer: The bandit chief, at least in some versions.
 * Guile Hero: Morgiana.
 * Honor Among Thieves: The bandit chief would rather risk engaging in suspicious behaviour than break the laws of hospitality.
 * It Was His Sled: "Open Sesame" would have been a tough password to remember; Ali Baba even gives Kasim a handful of sesame seeds to help him remember. In modern times, however, the story is too well known for it to be a decent password for anything.
 * Needle in a Stack of Needles: One of the thieves learns the location of Ali Baba's house, and puts a mark on his door. While he's away fetching the rest of the thieves, Morgiana puts the same mark on every other door in the street.
 * No Name Given: The leader of the Forty Thieves isn't given a name; he is just called "the bandit leader".
 * Open Sesame: Trope Namer
 * Sacred Hospitality: A dinner guest at Ali Baba's house says that he is unable to eat anything with salt in; his excuse is a dietary restriction, but actually he's the bandit chief, come in disguise to kill Ali Baba, and if he eats salt while he's a guest, he has "shared salt" with his host and is bound by the laws of hospitality.
 * Stupid Evil: The Forty Thieves are obsessed with finding Ali Baba to silence him, and just don't know when to quit. They spend a fortune to find the place (as the tailor gets smart and charges a larger fee each time) two of them are killed by the leader for messing up, and when they finally do find his house, all of them but the leader are killed in the attempt. But the leader still doesn't give up, and his final attempt gets him killed. Relocating and setting up shop elsewhere may have been the smart thing, but they clearly lacked smarts.
 * Treasure Room: The thieves' cave.
 * Try Everything: Ali Baba's brother Kasim attempts his own raid on the thieves' cave, but forgets the password, attempting several different kinds of grain without recalling the right one. "Open Barley?"