Amnesia: The Dark Descent



"Amnesia isn't a perfect game, but it's almost unmatched as a constipation aid."

- Yahtzee on Amnesia: the Dark Descent, Zero Punctuation

Amnesia: The Dark Descent is a critically acclaimed mix of Survival Horror and Adventure Game from the Swedish indie studio Frictional Games. It's a Spiritual Successor to their previous Penumbra series of games, sharing many elements of gameplay and storytelling with them.

Daniel, the playable Non-Action Guy, wakes up in the dark of an ancient creepy castle, Brennenburg, without memories. The first thing he finds is a note to himself, which informs him that his amnesia is purposely self-inflicted and that he needs to kill a man named Baron Alexander, who's currently hiding in the depths of the castle. As he journeys further within the bowels of the Prussian estate, Daniel comes across old diary entries of his hinting at otherworldly influences, particularly the dangerous living 'shadow' that pursues him unrelentingly for something he did in his past. He also finds notes left by an assortment of people that had been at the castle that elaborate upon the sinister events that took place.

A free expansion pack, Justine, was released in April 2011 as part of a cross-game Alternate Reality Game promotion for Portal 2, featuring a new player character and a brand-new scenario to play.

A sequel, Amnesia: A Machine For Pigs, was released in 2012. Frictional Games published it, but primary development was done by thechineseroom, the team responsible for Dear Esther.


 * Above Good and Evil: Alexander expresses disdain for concepts like "good" and "evil", thinking them only good for comfort and not something to be concerned about.
 * Absurdly Spacious Sewer: Apparently justified by being used to carry spring water which surges seasonally. It also functions as a cistern system to retain excess water and carefully control its pressure to power water mills.
 * Advancing Wall of Doom: The Shadow of the Orb manifests as an advancing wave of decay and corrosion that you have to run away from at certain key points in the game.
 * Alien Geometries:
 * Alternate Reality Game: Is one of the 13 indie games that form the bulk of the material of Valve's "PotatoFoolsDay" Portal 2 ARG.
 * Always a Bigger Fish: An offscreen variant. Boy, that Grunt sure is scary, isn't he? You can't do anything to stop him and if he finds you you're dead in moments.
 * Anti-Villain: All the atrocities that Alexander had committed, from killing animals to innocent villagers,
 * Artificial Stupidity: One of the few breaks you'll ever get in the game when encountering monsters. Most of them have horrible vision when you're not in light, get bored chasing you after a while, or are generally unable to notice you when you're literally right next to them. In areas with bottomless pits and other falls, you can lure them to falling to their death (despawn). Also, they cannot attack you if you're on top of them or they are somehow stuck on top of barrels, and they can't see you if you can't see them.
 * Probably justified in-game, as the monsters are described as "feeding off of your fear" in a way and are more likely to see you if you keep staring at them, and their strength is dependent on your mental strength: If you're good at avoiding them, don't expect much Artificial Brilliance.
 * Probably justified in-game, as the monsters are described as "feeding off of your fear" in a way and are more likely to see you if you keep staring at them, and their strength is dependent on your mental strength: If you're good at avoiding them, don't expect much Artificial Brilliance.

""...in fact, it lies beneath the very stone of Brennenburg!""
 * Arson, Murder, and Jaywalking: As you learn about various torture victims, the severity of their supposed crimes seems to lessen. The worst were accused of rape and arson, but a forger got thrown into the iron maiden as well.
 * Artistic License: Biology: When Daniel has to (quoting TV Tropes here), "drill a hole in the head of a corpse,[sic] insert a copper tube into the hole, and stick yourself on the needle to give yourself an injection of a vaccine". God only knows if they're the same blood type or if he had any infectious diseases. At least upon touching the body while not holding anything it states that it "Can't be more than a day old." Still, as Lanipator puts it in his Let's Play: "The least sanitary thing I could possibly do!"
 * Artistic License Chemistry:
 * According to Amnesia, combining aqua regia, orpiment, cuprite, and calamine all together creates simply "acid". No, the pH isn't known either. Note that Aqua Regia is already a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acid able to dissolve Gold: Why you add a copper-based mineral (cuprite), Arsenic Trisulfide (orpiment, once used for poisoned arrows) and Zinc Oxide (calamine, used in cosmetic creams and powders) is up to you to guess. Royal water alone would have done the job of dissolving organic tissue.
 * After you use the "acid" to melt the organic tissue, the container it was in isn't washed out, and is re-used for something else later, despite the traces of acid. Even worse, later in the game, Daniel finds a glass jar. He uses it to transport acid, then oil, once again without washing it out. After that, he can use it to
 * Artistic License Physics: A minor one: you can still light candles and torches that have fallen over and are lying sideways. If you do, the flames still shoot out parallel to the barrel of the candle or torch (IE sideways, instead of towards the ceiling).
 * Ascend to a Higher Plane of Existence: What may have happened to if you choose the right ending.
 * Back from the Dead:
 * Beethoven Was an Alien Spy:
 * Agrippa was also an occultist in Real Life, about 300 years before Amnesia takes place.
 * BFS: The Brute's left forearm is one FUCKING HUGE BLADE. And getting hit just once by one of these things is sometimes enough for a One-Hit Kill.
 * Black Bug Room: Virtually any room where your sanity meter drops low enough to give you bizarre hallucinations about your surroundings.
 * Body Horror:
 * Just try looking at the monsters  without cringing a bit at the thought that they all used to be men.
 * In the sewer beneath the castle - in order to keep from being killed by poisonous fungi, you need to  That's Body Horror, Afraid of Needles, and a makeshift transfusion all in one scene.
 * The Torture Cellar; see below.
 * Bookcase Passage: Two in the main campaign, one in Justine.
 * Brain Bleach: The player will feel like they need one after visiting some of the later portions of the game.
 * The Tasteless But True Story: Used by the developers to add certain elements of additional horror, such as a flashback of someone buried alive in a room full of corpses (an occurrence that occasionally happened during the Bubonic Plague.) And then there is the Torture Cellar...
 * Cat Scare: An odd instance where this trope is done well. The scarcity of it makes those few instances much more effective.
 * Not a cat, but
 * There's also the torch that turns on by itself. Which is not traditional fire.
 * Cold-Blooded Torture:
 * Collapsing Lair:
 * Contemptible Cover: Someone should have told whoever made this box art that the monster is scary because you can't see it...it doesn't help that it is drawn to look like a duck.
 * Comedic Sociopathy: The game is horrifying to play, especially alone at night, but watching other people play it while freaking out is inherently hilarious. You will probably be screaming profanity during gameplay, but that doesn't stop it from being terribly amusing. Playing it with observers on On Live is a good example of this.
 * You know it is scary when it scares the British accent out of you...
 * This one might be the best known, and is notable for being the source of the minor fandom meme "Oh shit, I have a bag of Milky Ways."
 * Companion Cube: Notsomuch on Daniel (the player character)'s part, but many players will find and cling to some item in the environment as a security blanket- for example, PewDiePie often picks up (and talks to) random objects, naming and giving them voices, as a self-comfort measure. Rather famously, Markiplier named his companion cube, a small box, as "Tiny Box Tim".
 * The Corruption: The Shadow of the Orb.
 * Cosmic Horror Story
 * Cower Power: Literally, the best way to survive a monster is to find a dark corner, curl up with your nose to the wall, and pray it leaves before it stumbles over you. Justified, as Daniel has no means by which to fight back against these monsters, they can generally outrun him when they break into a sprint, and closing doors will only slow them down at best.
 * Creepy Cathedral: The area names of one section of the castle suggests it is this.
 * Darkness Equals Death: Largely inverted. A core strategy for survival pretty much requires you to hide in dark areas from monsters, whereas carrying a lantern or being in a well-lit area will make it easier for them to find you.
 * Dead Little Sister: A possible fate for is her . Whether this happened, or  depends on the actions you take within the game, and . This is only ever revealed in Loading Screen notes, though, and has no further effect on the plot other than additional characterization.
 * Diegetic Interface: As in Penumbra.
 * Doomed by Canon: The written supplementary materials focus on characters who were mentioned in-game as dying or disappearing without a trace. Each story ends right before the event that kills them.
 * Doom Magnet:
 * Dramatic Spotlight: During the Archives bit, there is a (barely) playable flashback from when Daniel first laid hands on an Orb, during the expedition in Algeria. There is a pedestal with the Orb on it, in a circle of light. Everything else is darkness.
 * Dummied Out: Apparently, the character of (though occasional references to  are still present in the above mentioned developer's commentary and in some late-game Loading Screen notes).
 * DVD Commentary: Developer Commentaries are able to be toggled, and appear in-game in the form of the Frictional logo (a 6-sided gear) surrounding a microphone. Since most players will want to go the first round without the commentary, this gives a bit of a boost to its replayability. The commentaries are a Preorder Bonus.
 * Easter Egg: See ? Get all the endings and write down the codes, because you can use them to unlock the "super secret" .rar file in the game folder, containing Concept Art, design documents, Dummied Out audio and footage of the game's alpha versions.
 * Evil Mentor: Part of why Danie] finally snaps in the first place and drinks the amnesia potion is because he learns that.
 * Eye Scream: One of the flashbacks in the Torture Cellar contains this... thankfully in text form, but given the limitations on character models, that might be worse.
 * Facial Horror: If the player is caught by a monster, this is likely to be the last thing they see.
 * First Person Ghost: As in Penumbra. Averted only by your left hand, which visibly holds the lantern.
 * Fission Mailed: Near the end, where
 * Flower Motifs: Roses. The "amnesia" potion is made of oil-of-roses, and rose petals appear at key moments when memories start to return to Daniel.
 * Food Chain of Evil: As you head into the second half of the game, you find
 * Game Breaking Bug: The game flat out refuses to run on anything except very specific video cards.
 * Note that the first patch remedied this to some extent: Amnesia now runs on any GeForce 6 or higher Nvidia card, or any Radeon x1300 or higher.
 * Genius Loci: Seriously, Castle Brennenburg is not a nice place to spend the night...
 * Golden Ending:
 * Go Mad from the Revelation:
 * Gothic Horror: Dark, decaying, (kinda) haunted castle? Haunted Hero? Mysterious, morally ambiguous, (kinda) vampiric Baron? Madness and curses? Check, check, check, double check.
 * Have a Nice Death: When you die, the game will give you advice such as, "Tread carefully..." and, "Block the path. Run..."
 * "Stay out of the water..."
 * Haunted Castle:
 * Heel Realization:, once he finds the final - the player will realize it beforehand, though.
 * Heroic Sacrifice:
 * Hollywood Darkness: Completely shattered - if you try to peer into a dark room from a lit hallway, you will see nothing beyond the doorframe.
 * Played around with throughout too;
 * Suffice to say, the game is definitely gloomy, rather than brightly lit. Even the light sources are fairly weak.
 * However, the complete aversion of this trope does makes it strangely satisfying and calming to completely light up a room, even if it is very wasteful of tinderboxes.
 * Humanoid Abomination: If you happen to run into the visible monster in a room, it looks something like this.
 * Human Resources:
 * Hypocritical Humor: It's not hard to see many LP'ers commentary incidentally working out quite well as the character's internal thoughts.
 * Identity Amnesia: Done via a Laser-Guided Amnesia potion which wipes Daniel's memory about himself - thankfully he still knows how to use tinderboxes and refuel his oil lamp!
 * Ill Girl: Daniel's sister/cousin will either have died or survived depending on how "kind" you are in the game. (She is only mentioned in loading segments.)
 * Immortality Immorality: It's strongly indicated that
 * Interface Screw
 * Interface Spoiler: Early on, a helpful hint appears instructing you to hide in darkness from enemies... even if you had no idea anything was there.
 * Ironic Echo:
 * Just One More Level: A design decision. The game's levels were designed to be short and bite-sized to provoke this effect.
 * Large Ham: The guy they got to voice The Baron seems to be really into it. Some of his line readings border on mood breaking, especially a couple at the very beginning of the game, most notably the first time he says "The Inner Sanctum".
 * Just One More Level: A design decision. The game's levels were designed to be short and bite-sized to provoke this effect.
 * Large Ham: The guy they got to voice The Baron seems to be really into it. Some of his line readings border on mood breaking, especially a couple at the very beginning of the game, most notably the first time he says "The Inner Sanctum".


 * The way Daniel says "impossible geometry!" is hilarious.
 * Leitmotif: Each character has their own associated piece of theme music. Each piece has several variations to represent different moods. Most commonly this can be heard while reading notes written by various characters. Specific songs also "give away" when a monster is lurking around, and of course, the screech when a monster is actively chasing you.
 * Let's Play: A popular game for LPers due to the audience wanting to see them scared. One particular one is by Helloween 4545.
 * Karma Houdini:  depending on the ending.
 * However, the definitive example, in the Justine expansion, is
 * Madness Mantra
 * Madness Mantra

"Yahtzee: Amnesia understands that a monster stays scary the less you see of it."
 * Many players have their own. "RUN RUN RUN RUN RUN RUN RUN RUN JUMP JUMP JUMP JUMP JUMP" etc.
 * Male Frontal Nudity: This game is not at all shy about full frontal male nudity,
 * Meaningful Name: The title itself is one... just play it if you want to know why.
 * Meat Moss: All over the place, and more growing all the time. It is strongly implied this is a residual effect of the Shadow that is pursuing Daniel.
 * Megaton Punch: Grunts tend to pull this off when you're behind a barricade and taunt them for too long. Just check the awesome moments page for an example.
 * Multiple Endings:
 * Musical Spoiler: You can easily tell if the enemies are nearby or still chasing you.
 * Averted when hiding from monsters,.
 * My God, What Have I Done?:
 * Mythology Gag: In the intro, you get a throwaway reference from Daniel about him living in Mayfair, London. That's the same place where the protagonist of the Penumbra series goes to retrieve the heirloom of his missing father (which kicks off the plot of the first game).
 * Also, the "memory capsules" are very similar to the in Penumbra.
 * Nightmare Face: The Facial Horror of the monsters is one major source of this.
 * Note to Self:
 * Nothing Is Scarier: In spades. The monsters are scarce enough to keep them from being a source of frustration, but frequent enough to ramp up the terror. Add to that ambient sounds that, at times, sound like footsteps, and you'll be cowering in a corner for fear of a monster you haven't even seen yet. The game doesn't even let you get a good look at the monsters, ever, because just looking at them drops your sanity meter and causes the screen to blur... and makes them notice you.
 * The splashing water scene. A lot of players claim the scene nearly gave them a heart attack.

"Baron Alexander:"
 * One of the measurements of your low sanity is simply "..."
 * Offscreen Teleportation: The monsters are capable of this.
 * Ontological Mystery: The beginning of the game. After you struggle through a few corridors and staircases, you find your notes and learn a bit more about who you seemingly are and what you supposed to do after willingly inducing amnesia on yourself.
 * Powered by a Forsaken Child:

"Baron Alexander: Even the most timid creature can break out in fits of violence where their strength exceeds their expected prowess."
 * Primal Fear: Plays heavily on several of these. Fear of the dark is, as the title suggests, a frequent one, but that is also subservient to a more general fear of the unknown. The game uses lots of little tricks to ensure this fear is invoked, such as Hell Is That Noise to suggest what might be near, and Teleporting Keycard Squad to ensure that monsters can be anywhere, and Nothing Is Scarier to keep players tense and on-edge. Even if one tries looking at the monsters (Body Horrors though they are) Daniel's vision will be blurred and distorted, ensuring that they retain an element of mystery and unknowability, in addition to their role as predators after a helpless prey.
 * Psychological Horror: The backbone of the whole game, even more so than in its predecessor Penumbra.
 * Psycho Strings: When monsters are chasing you.
 * Quest for Identity: The reason you'll want to pick up the Diary entries.
 * "The Reason You Suck" Speech: Delivered by Alexander when you reach the 2nd half of the torture chambers.
 * Redemption Quest: Not revealed until, though strongly hinted at prior.
 * The Reveal: Why Daniel is in the castle, of course! It wouldn't have the amnesia factor without a reveal as to how he got there, after all.
 * Run or Die: Your only two choices when a monster spots you.
 * Sanity Meter: The bad thing is that it's an accurate barometer of the player's mood. Well, except for needing to stay near lights to keep sane.
 * Your decaying sanity doesn't only diminish your sight. It also makes you gradually hear more and more deranged and ominous aural hallucinations... and the quiet grinding noise of your own teeth...
 * Shown Their Work: Evident when you turn on the commentary.
 * Shut UP, Hannibal: Able to be done in 2 of the 3 endings.
 * Spooky Painting: Toyed with - as your Sanity Meter depletes, portraits of an old man become grotesque to look at.
 * Stealth Based Game: You don't even have a weapon to fight back.
 * Story Breadcrumbs: Diary entries, miscellaneous documents, and the occasional flashback.
 * Strong as They Need to Be: Most of the terror of the game comes from the fact that you're playing as a regular human who lacks any skill or ability that would allow him to fight back against the creatures stalking him. This is somewhat undermined by the fact that Daniel seems to be crazy strong, judging by various puzzle sequences in which he busts open stone walls with a shovel or smashes through foot-thick wood pillars with his bare hands.
 * Also discussed in-game in one of the notes. Given what Daniel's facing, it's not surprising he can pull it off from time-to-time.


 * It also bears mentioning that, in those particular instances, the wall or floor's already been weakened to the point of the mortar being loose enough for it to happen.
 * This is actually Lampshaded by Lanipator during his Let's Play of the game.
 * Sympathetic Murder Backstory: Daniel is
 * Technicolor Science: The acid is bright, glowing green. Even without a heat source, it boils dramatically to the point of hurling out glass bottles dropped in it.
 * Teleporting Keycard Squad: Unfortunately played straight some of the time: Generally when there's a puzzle-relevant pickup in plain sight, you can bet that a monster is going to spawn two rooms back to terrorize you after you pick it up. Of course, knowing this makes it even more tense, because you'll be afraid to even find the pickups because you know it could cause a monster to spawn.
 * To quote Yahtzee again: "It's like they're being summoned by the autosave function."
 * Through the Eyes of Madness: The paintings, especially, change as your sanity gets lower. Although, given that he is , this might actually be a somewhat bizarre case of Glamour Failure.
 * Title Drop: A note discovered late in the game indicates that the elixar Daniel drank just before the game begins (which he reads a Note to Self: about in the first level) is actually titled "Amnesia", because it is Exactly What It Says On The Bottle.
 * Torture Cellar: Oh God the torture cellar...  Even worse is the reason behind the torturing -- see Powered by a Forsaken Child.
 * Worse still than that is this: Almost all of those items are real medieval torture devices that actually existed and were used on people. The Iron Maiden, despite its many appearances throughout popular culture and inside some historical "tours", is purely fictional as a means of torture. This does little to remove the terror though, as it's the least terrifying of the torture devices featured in the game, and the rest of them are completely real.


 * Torture Technician:
 * Alexander is implied to be one, judging by his notes on the subject. He leaves instructions on how to best inflict prolonged suffering, and deliberately pipes the sound of ongoing torture into the cell areas of the other prisoner awaiting their turn, knowing that the anticipation will only make it worse for them. For all the elaborate devices in the castle, the torture techniques are very primitive, dating back to the Dark Ages. Possibly justified because  However, his torture technique is further backed up by
 * , too, becomes an apprentice of sorts to Alexander as he revels in torturing supposed murderers, arsonists, and rapists.
 * The Developer Commentary points out that the techniques laid out by Alexander are quite similar to the techniques they use to keep the player on edge throughout the experience, making the devs themselves Torture Technicians. Parallel to how the prisoners have to hear their cellmates torture and death, the player is also subjected to auditory hallucinations featuring each of the torture apparatus and their effects before we see them and how they function.
 * Trauma-Induced Amnesia: Subverted. Daniel induces amnesia on himself willingly, by drinking a certain type of potion. The game starts at the point when he wakes up from his dreamless sleep, now only knowing his name and nothing else.
 * Überwald: The Prussian woodlands that surround Castle Brennenburg, including the tiny village of Altstadt just down the road. Most of the information on it is revealed through diary entries, notes on the location, and supplemental materials.
 * What the Hell, Hero?: When you find out what Daniel's been up to at Alexander's behest.


 * Body Horror: Justine is terrible about this, because we learn that the monsters stalking the protagonist are
 * Country Matters: Basile calls Justine a "cunt" at one point.
 * Even Evil Has Loved Ones: Implied with Justine and Clarice, at least once upon a time. A paper indicates that Justine actually cared enough about Clarice to comfort her when she cried, although it seems that Clarice was actually forbidden from playing with her.
 * Evil Is Easy: Killing the three men is easier than solving the puzzles required to save them. On the other hand, you have to save them in order to get One Hundred Percent Completion... And the potato.
 * Eye Scream: A phonograph has some of this. It's also fully voice acted.
 * And the result of this? That monster trying to kill you.
 * Hidden Purpose Test: Averted. Justine tells the Player Character that she is in Justine's dungeon at the beginning for Justine's entertainment and to test whether humans will take the easy, selfish way out of a problem or look for a harder way out that does not hurt others.
 * Nothing Is Scarier: Justine doesn't quite follow this...to an extent. There is only one type of monster, you encounter each once throughout the expansion, and while looking at Basile drops your sanity, it doesn't always make him more likely to see you... because he's blind. However, he can hear you, and if any of them hits you once, you die, and the game closes, not to mention there are no save points in the expansion whatsoever.
 * Room Full of Crazy: "The tattered yellow king shall dethrone", "Climb the highest tower, "Oh Father", "The skinless one is waking", "The inside", "Gluttony", "I am emerging", "The beautiful pain", "Lonely", "Through the gates", "It will be the end of everything","What will that perfect sphere bring", "It will be again, It's coming", "From within", "Playful", "Death shall move across the floor", "Spin the wheels crank the engine", "My darlings", "Liar! Alois does to use dust as a sore muse", and who could forget "Suffer the trial" and "Stay alive".
 * Shoot the Shaggy Dog:
 * Shout-Out: Justine has several coy references to Portal, especially towards the end, and a reference to Robert Chambers's The King in Yellow.
 * The Walls Are Closing In: The final challenge room, the player must overcome this.
 * Wham! Episode: The entire ending.
 * Twist Ending
 * Whole-Plot Reference: A psychotic woman forces a seemingly mute woman to run through a series of death traps while making clever remarks.