Professor Guinea Pig



"''"September 13th, 11:56 PM. I have started this alone, and I must finish it... alone. I know now that I must use... myself... as the subject of the experiment.""

- Dr. Henry Jekyll, The Strange Case of Doctor Jekyll and Mr. Hyde

So you're a bona fide scientific genius, and you've come up with a wonder drug that will allow people to live forever. So now you'll apply for approval from the FDA, right? Begin animal testing, assessing major organ toxicity in rats and small primates, then monitoring the subjects for carcinogenic effects and reproductive complications; who knows, if the drug behaves as predicted you could be doing Phase One clinical trials inside of five years.

Or, you could just mix up a batch of the stuff in your basement and drink it. That's just what scientists do in fiction. They might go as far as trying out their incredibly experimental drug/strength ray/time-altering device/etc. on a squirrel or something first, but the point is that they move onto human testing quickly, usually without any safeguards or anyone observing, and they use themselves as a test subject. They might have their reasoning—they needed to get it done quickly because the invention is needed for some time-sensitive purpose (e.g. a dying loved one, a company about to go under); they're a discredited scientist, forced to work under the radar; the invention is being created not for public consumption but for the scientist's own (usually evil) ends; or the scientist is just plain crazy. But none of those are decent reasons, save possibly the insanity; it's just a dumbass thing to do. Hence the fact that half the time something Goes Horribly Wrong; and for the other half (which is far worse) something Goes Horribly Right.

It does, however, make them more sympathetic to the audience than strapping some Innocent Bystander to an operating table or starting a Guinea Pig Family. Only Obviously Evil Mad Scientists test their Phlebotinum on innocent humans.

The more cartoonish the show, and the crazier the scientist, the more blatant this trope becomes. A Looney Tunes cartoon might very well feature a scientist who, suddenly needing to be giant, just steps over to his array of beakers and retorts, mixes a bunch of funny-colored liquids together and drinks it.

Believe it or not, this was actually standard procedure in many fields of science until fairly recently. Even as late as the 1950's, chemists would create a new compound and ingest it to see what it did. It was not the healthiest of occupations; quite a few scientists did end up killing themselves via experimentation. It's still sort-of common; see the real-life examples down below.

See also No Control Group.

Anime and Manga

 * Yu Kaitou in Yu Yu Hakusho has the power to steal the soul of anyone who breaks the "rules" he sets down for his psychic territory. If he breaks his own rules, then his soul is separated from his body. How did he find this out? Why, he breaks his own rules on purpose, of course, forcing his friends seek out Genkai to find out how to cure him before it's too late, which causes the events which kick off the prologue to the Chapter Black Saga.
 * Shirogane Ryou of Tokyo Mew Mew, upon completing his father's research, promptly tested it on himself. Because he conveniently didn't have the right genetic code, he did not, in fact, become a magical girl... er, boy.
 * Lampshaded in, of all places, the H-manga Asuka And Shizuru. The main villain, a sorcerer of some sort, is defeated in the first chapter and goes on to become the Big Bad of the series by performing experiments on himself. The lampshading comes soon after, wherein it is acknowledged that doing so was an absolutely moronic move on his part because it carried an enormous risk.
 * Oddly a striking number of H-manga and doujins parody, lampshade and even deconstruct tropes from either the source material or from hentai in general. It's typically done to further the sex (mind control? why of course I'd go crazy and turn the world into my harem) or simply to break the tension by pointing out how weird the plots can get.
 * Attempted in the anime Speed Grapher; however, since the "experiment" involved, all for the better that it wasn't carried out.
 * Somewhat used in Pokémon: the Pokémon researcher Bill stuffs himself inside a Kabuto costume to find out what it feels like. See the video games section for the more on-the-spot version from the games.
 * resorts to this with the last vaccine in 20th Century Boys, since  is in a hurry and no longer has as many resources as before.
 * Averted in Franken Fran: the eponymous character doesn't test a treatment she developed for aging on herself because, as she herself puts it, "It's just too scary~".
 * Kurotsuchi Mayuri of Bleach is obviously his own favorite test subject...although based on what is known of his personality, most of his "improvements" were probably perfected on the unwilling first.
 * Mayuri's predecessor as the chief scientist of the Gotei 13, Urahara Kisuke, has also been known to do this. He invented a device that allows a Shinigami to achieve bankai (the final stage of their zanpakuto), which normally takes decades if not centuries, in no more than three days. "No more" because if bankai isn't achieved within that time, the user of the device will die. Urahara immediately used it himself.
 * In Soul Eater, one of the first things we learn about Franken Stein is that he is interested in observation and experimentation, where anything or one could be a test subject—including himself. Stein has, naturally, a bolt through his head and scars all over him.
 * Sort of an odd example though in that we don't actually know what he did to himself. Yes, he has a stitch over his face but aside from that he doesn't look too different from his younger incarnation we see in flashbacks so it at least wasn't anything cosmetic. He's been hailed as a genius meister since before he had the scar and bolt too so it wasn't some kind of power augmentation. So far the bolt and scar on his face only seem to be evidence that he has done this, but the reason behind it has not yet been given.
 * Averted with Dr. Gero in Dragonball Z: He turned himself into a cyborg, but his number shows, he was the last one instead of the first.
 * from Cyborg 009

Comic Books
"Jaime: You're sure this thing can survive a trip so far underground? Dan: Only one way to find out! Jaime: No! No! There are other ways to "find out"! Like tests and experiments! Dan: Oh, yeah. Whoops."
 * Dr. Curt Connors in the Spider-Man comics tries using reptilian DNA to regrow his lost arm. Congratulations, Curt, now you're a violent half-human half-lizard monster. Bravo.
 * He did try the serum on a rabbit first. I want to believe there's a super bunny/lizard hybrid with regeneration powers hopping around somewhere in the Florida swamps.
 * The worst bit is that the superhero Komodo uses an refined form of his process to allow her to change at will into a lizard form that retains her consciousness and grows back her legs. So if he had just tested the bloody thing he might have been much more successful, possibly still at the cost of growing scales whenever he wanted to use his arm.
 * Testing your own inventions on yourself is the fast track to instant super-villainy in the Marvel universe. Especially if you have an unusual name that sort of sounds like the scientific branch you're currently researching.
 * Batman villain Poison Ivy. Her powers and possibly her insanity stem from several experiments she performed on herself involving deliberate overdoses of plant and animal-based toxins. Many variations of the character have her aware of the dangers involved but not caring, being far more comfortable among plants than humans.
 * X-Men: This is the origin of the original blue fuzzy status of Beast. In the X-Spider-Man crossover novel trilogy Time's Arrow, a future scientist hangs a lampshade on Beast's testing an experimental serum by drinking it. McCoy has the grace to be embarrassed. His original intention was to use it as a means of disguise which he could use to spy for his employer, one which he would reverse when his spying was done. (Yes, in those days Hank had a little problem with ethics.) However, it is true that Hank drinking the serum was a rather dumbass move to make, and Beast even lampshades this himself, when he observes that he didn't have to drink it—keeping it out of his employer's hands aside, it was in the end an act of hubris.
 * Incidentally, this habit went horribly wrong in the Elseworlds Mutant X—one of his projects significantly damaged his intelligence, and he's no longer smart enough to undo the effects.
 * Lampshaded in the recent Blue Beetle run. When Dan Garrett (having recently switched meds) decides to fly Jaime and herself into a volcano the following exchange occurs:


 * In the Wonder Woman comics, The Cheetah turned herself into a human/cheetah hybrid this way, after her funding for whatever tests she was doing ran out and she started testing on herself.

Fan Works

 * How Green Shield acquired metahuman abilities; faced with a terminal illness, she experimented on herself, hoping to turn her body into a "smoking gun" to protect her patent on the work and provide for her family. It instead made her extra tough, extra strong, arrested her illness's progression...and made her a fugitive from bosses Playing with Syringes.

Film

 * Pretty much everyone in Flatliners.
 * In The Fly, the lead character tries teleporting himself, winds up switching heads with a housefly. The remake rationalized this simply enough -- he was drunk at the time, having just rowed with his love interest.
 * In the Spider-Man movie, Norman Osborn's company is about to lose a military contract and go under, thanks to a lack of successful human trials of a performance-enhancing drug. In desperation, he tests the drug on himself—never mind the fact that, if that test were made public, he'd surely lose the contract and the company, and very likely go to prison. It's all kind of moot anyway, as the drug renders him insane. Or more insane.
 * The Mystery Science Theater 3000 episode "The Projected Man" features a scientist who must quickly jury-rig a teleportation experiment to convince his Corrupt Corporate Executive sponsors not to cut his funding. Unfortunately, the ditsy blonde secretary he enlists to helps him teleport botches the procedure and the machine explodes. The scientist then winds up getting his DNA mixed with that of a rat which had died in a previous experiment. Oh, and he also gets the ability to generate lethal electric shocks.
 * He doesn't end up looking like a "rat man" though but rather like, as Crow remarked, "the British Harvey Dent"
 * They had previously teleported a wristwatch, leading Mike to riff "Great, now he'll be half man, half wristwatch."
 * Junior has Dr. Hesse test an experimental drug for reducing miscarriages on himself due to being unable to get funding and test subjects. He ends up pregnant.
 * The Tingler—Vincent Price is researching the physiological aspects of fear, and experiments on himself taking LSD some six years before the hippies appropriated it for their own.
 * Hollow Man and its sequel both have the person who has taken the serum become a serial killer.
 * The original did have extensive animal testing of the invisibility serum, but the head scientist fudged the results and took the serum himself. In that case, the big problem was reversing the invisibility process; the scientist thought that trying it on a human would provide better results and he was the only one willing to do it.
 * Dr. Xavier of X: The Man with the X-Ray Eyes tested the x-ray vision eye drops on himself. In both eyeballs.
 * Dr. Cockroach from Monsters vs. Aliens was the result of a scientist testing a procedure to give humans the genetic hardiness of the common roach... and ending up with the head of one as well.
 * Daybreakers: Edward Dalton tests sun exposure plus vacuum as a cure for vampirism. On himself. Justified in that he's the only vampire around the human refugee hideout when he tests it.
 * Generally unless there are vampire animals around, it's rather difficult to test a cure for vampirism in a method that is not either really stupid (this trope) or morally questionable (Strapped to An Operating Table).
 * One that crosses it with Real Life was Super Size Me where the filmmaker ate nothing but McDonald's for a month and had the results filmed and monitored.
 * One scientist does this out of desperation in Contagion and.
 * Professor Brody in Cats and Dogs tests his allergy cures on himself. He does it three times that we can see in the movie: the first time, it doesn't work and he gets bubbles all over his skin; the second time, his nose becomes bulbous but at least he doesn't sneeze; the third time, it's the correct cure.

Literature

 * This is a staple of Invisible Man stories, including the H. G. Wells original, making it Older Than Radio. In the Wells story, Griffin did test his process on a cat first, and he did have the excuse that he was kind of crazy.
 * Invisible Man [70s] had the title protagonist begin to go crazy, but he also worked for the government.
 * The Invisible Man [2000] had the title protagonist become violent and psychotic, but there was a counteragent for this effect that had to be taken regularly.
 * Note that in this case the protagonist was the scientist's brother, and there had been previous testing done, albeit not with very encouraging results. The protagonist accepted this because the alternative was life in prison for a crime other than the one he actually committed. His brother also did know how to reverse the process...but didn't bother to tell anybody else or keep any records of it, so it became permanent when he was murdered.
 * Also turns up in a lot of Time Machine stories, once again, including the H. G. Wells original. Back to The Future is a rare example where the scientist doesn't test the machine himself; but he does put his beloved pet dog in the driver's seat, and himself and his best friend in the path of the speeding vehicle, so he does still seem overly confident. "If my calculations are correct, when this baby hits 88 miles per hour, you're gonna see some serious shit." "WHAT DID I TELL YOU?! EIGHTY EIGHT MILES PER HOUR!"
 * He did intend for himself to be the first human test subject, with the space of time to observe negative side effects in said dog being a few minutes.
 * In The Time Machine he at least has the presence of mind to build a proof of concept device first.
 * In fact, it shows up in a lot H. G. Wells stories, period. Another example is The New Accelerator, in which he tests out a drug on himself that makes him speed up by a factor of several thousand.
 * Another classic example is The Strange Case of Doctor Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and all the variations thereof, e.g. The Nutty Professor.
 * The Igors of Discworld believe it is most ethical to test all of their latest medical procedures on themselves first. Kind of makes sense though, doesn't it?
 * Fred and George test sweets they've made that will cause sudden minor illnesses, allowing you to get out of class, on themselves. After they tried out the Nosebleed Nougat, their mother thought they'd had a fight. It doesn't get any worse than that, though. They try to test the sweets out on their fellow students, but Hermione stops them.
 * The Operator in Duumvirate developed a retrovirus to bestow Transhumanity on whoever received it, and injected himself with it the second it was done synthesizing.
 * Max Barry's Machine Man has Dr. Charles Neumann. An engineer at Better Future, Neumann doesn't design any artificial limbs he wouldn't try out himself.
 * In Robin Cook's Acceptable Risk, Dr. Edward Armstrong creates a new anti-depressant drug and decides to start taking it himself in order to streamline the clinical trial process. His team of researchers agree to take the drug as well..
 * Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea: In a variation, The Professor Aronnax is willing to sacrifice his own freedom for the rest of his life for the rare chance to discover all the sea’s secret in the Nautilus. Fortunately, he is not willing to sacrifice his friend’s freedom and leads them in their Great Escape.
 * A doctor in J.G. Farrell's The Siege of Krishnapur drinks the 'rice-water' from a cholera patient, to demonstrate his confidence in the miasma theory of disease transmission (the theory that diseases are the result of bad air). It doesn't go well.

Live-Action TV
"Student: Dude, you injected that stuff that made that fish grow legs into yourself!?"
 * In Quantum Leap, Dr Sam Beckett was pressured to prove his theories or lose funding so he stepped into the project accelerator himself. This experiment wasn't exactly a resounding success.
 * Exactly the same thing happens in the Sixties Time Travel show The Time Tunnel.
 * Although House didn't create the drug, he did test one created by his old college rival to combat migraines. He decides to become a sort of drug pincushion: First, using nitroglycerin to give himself a stonking great headache, then trying the drug (which failed) and finally ridding himself of it using LSD.
 * Don't forget the anti-depressants to counteract the LSD.
 * And the six Vicodin he had probably already taken that day. House probably had enough drugs in his system to mildly discomfort Keith Richards.
 * In Star Trek: The Original Series, in the episode titled "Miri", our heroes are trapped on a planet and slowly dying from a disease that kills all adults. Dr. McCoy has mixed up what may very well be the antidote. Only problem is, he's not sure, and the only way to be sure is to check the Enterprise's computers, which can't be done because the local Creepy Children have stolen the communicators. What to do? Why, wait until Spock leaves and inject yourself, of course!
 * In the third season premiere of Heroes, Mohinder Suresh takes a syringe of Maya's blood/DNA/super-powered-Phlebotinum out onto a dock all by himself and injects it into himself. He gets insect-like super-strength, agility, and wall-climbing ability, but as a side effect appears to be mutating uncontrollably. The entire plot line appears to be a direct reference to the 1986 version of The Fly.
 * The Incredible Hulk TV series. David "Bruce" Banner is performing experiments on himself to try to "tap into the hidden strengths that all humans have." An accidental overdose of gamma radiation interacts with his body chemistry to change him: whenever he gets angry he becomes the Hulk.
 * Averted in The Incredible Hulk (2008 film) where Bruce is trying to find a cure and tests it on a blood sample instead of drinking it himself.
 * In the third season of The 4400, Kevin Burkhoff has discovered promicin, the neurotransmitter that gives the returnees their abilities, and injects himself with it. First he gets all messed up (skin falling off, etc.) but eventually he develops his healing power.
 * Subverted in Power Rangers Dino Thunder where Dr. Anton Mercer tries and tries to perfect a potion to free himself from his Super-Powered Evil Side Mesogog, where Mesogog actually succeeds in perfecting the potion and capturing the scientist.
 * Of course, Mercer experimenting on himself was what created Mesogog in the first place.
 * Star Trek: Enterprise. In the episode "Daedalus" Emory Erickson, the wheelchair-bound inventor of the transporter, is shown receiving an injection from his daughter—his back and spine are grossly distorted, implying a failed transporter experiment.
 * Semi-averted in an episode of The Saint, where a man with a heart condition wanted to use cryogenics until open heart surgery was commonplace. He did several animal testing, and wanted to start human testing with somebody else, but at the end of the episode, Simon Templar escaped and a heart attack forced the man to enter his machine in emergency.
 * |V: The Final Battle. The dust used to kill the Visitors is tested on an alien prisoner. Then while the others are busy arguing about whether they should find a human collaborator to test it on, the Hot Scientist steps into the chamber instead.
 * In the first nationally broadcast season of Mystery Science Theater 3000, as well as the one that came before it, Dr. Laurence "Larry" Erhardt was an involuntary version: Dr. Forrester would test experiments on him (often against his will.) The more interesting ones included cold fusion being created within Erhardt's mouth and making him sweat through his tongue. TV's Frank would later take on this role, but not technically being a scientist he's just a plain Guinea Pig.
 * On Lost, it seems that Daniel Faraday  and only recovered from it gradually once near the Island. He also accidentally.
 * In Sanctuary The Five all injected a serum based on pure vampire blood directly into their veins. The results were surprisingly beneficial.
 * In Community episode "Social Psychology", Prof. Duncan inadvertently becomes the subject of the Duncan Principle.
 * This happens in several episodes of The Outer Limits. The episode "Double Helix" lampshades it.


 * On Casualty 1906, Anton Lesser's psychiatrist character asked another doctor to perform an operation on him in order that he could experience the emotions some of the hospital's patients were going through prior to an early 20th century operation.

Tabletop RPG

 * The Progenitors from Genius: The Transgression have a whole transhumanist philosophy centered around this trope.
 * The trope is also enforced by the game's Karma Meter: self-modification is a Transgression, but running risky and dangerous experiments on human test subjects (even willing ones) is a worse one.
 * Warhammer 40,000 has (predictably enough) a Grimdark version in the shape of Fabius Bile, who not only experiments on others, but is said to have used his own body as his most extensive testing ground.

Video Games

 * Scientist William Birkin from Resident Evil injects himself with his experimental monster-making formula, which not only mutates him into an unrecognizable, gigantic, grotesque monster—but also drives him to impregnate his 10-year old daughter. Ewww... (He had a better excuse than most, mind you -- Umbrella goons were about to kill him several times over.)
 * In fact, they had killed him, having just repeatedly shot him in the chest. Injecting the serum was a last-ditch attempt to keep himself alive.
 * Alexia Ashford did the same thing, though only because she'd already messed around with her father and needed a new subject.
 * The Big Bad of Cave Story manages to produce a highly concentrated form of the game's Psycho Serum. When you confront him, he explicitly states that his new invention will drive him insane before testing it on himself. Though, in his defense, he ends up going One-Winged Angel multiple times and is completely lucid by the final battle, so it must have worked out for him.
 * In Pokémon, the Pokémon researcher Bill accidentally combines himself with a Clefairy while working on a Pokémon teleportation device. Luckily for him, it's a fairly quick fix: the player just has to run the machine while he's inside so he can return to human form. Seems to be an homage to The Fly.
 * Professor Hojo in Final Fantasy VII. When the player party (some of its members being his former test subjects) finally confronts him,
 * The game Dr. Muto has one as its protagonist, capable of collecting DNA from various creatures to mutate himself into various beasts.
 * Implied in StarCraft II. If you choose to help Selendis for the "Safe Haven"/"Haven's Fall" mission, Dr. Ariel Hanson will swear to find a cure for the Zerg nanovirus before the heroes can destroy the colony. Partway through the mission, Captain Horner calls you, reporting that Dr. Hanson has locked herself in the lab. After the mission, Given that this doesn't happen if you choose to help Dr. Hanson by protecting the colony, it's implied that she injected herself
 * Implied to be what happened in Jacob's Cove when Dr. Ned, who is totally not Dr. Zed, began messing with scag DNA. The end result being a Zombie Apocalypse.
 * Portal 2 reveals that Cave Johnson, the lunatic founder of Aperture Science, was not above testing his inventions on himself. This resulted in his death by Conversion Gel (moon dust) poisoning. Somewhat related, when his recruitment of street bums as test subjects had less than ideal results, he began encouraging his own employees to test the company's products, which had a negative effect on morale and retention. The next evolution of this seems to have occurred only after his death, with "Bring Your Daughter to Work Day".
 * Done by Dr Nitrus Brio in Crash Bandicoot at the end of the boss battle. Before that, he spends time throwing the beakers at you. The red beakers, properly mixed, become highly volatile, exploding when smashed, while the green ones release semi-alive brains that chase after you. Naturally drinking a mixture of both turns him into a giant green muscleman.

Web Comics

 * In Dead of Summer, Alan Stone is this, testing.
 * I see you have been experimenting on yourself again.
 * The Sparks of Girl Genius have a habit of "self-augmentation" just as much as experiments on other (often unwilling) patients.
 * Ladies and Gentlemen, Dr. Shark
 * In The Adventures of Dr. McNinja Dr. Birding tested his formula to transform into a super strong giant on himself, with dubious success. While it does accomplish this, it doesn't cure his paralysis, as was presumably the purpose behind the experiment.

Web Original

 * Whateley Universe: A recurring problem with the devisers and gadgeteers of Whateley Academy. Hazmat was lucky. All his treatment did was burn all his hair off his head. Then there are the Mad Scientist types like Jobe, who uses other students as his guinea pigs.

Western Animation
"Krieger: I call it "Formula K." Archer: And it turns you temporarily gay? Krieger: Dunno. I just started human testing. By dosing Danny the intern's coffee. Danny: Danny's definitely feeling something! Archer: I'll pass. Krieger: Suit yourself. (pops a pill) Just means more for me and Danny."
 * One of the enemies of Darkwing Duck did this: Reginald Bushroot, Ph. D., finds his funding cut. He tries his experimental procedure on a duck and ends up with a mutant plant-duck. The duck is, of course, himself. Once the science lab bullies ridicule him in front of the girl of his dreams, then the body count starts.
 * In an episode of Justice League, Batman wrangles this sort of confession out of Cheetah while a "captive" of the Injustice Gang. She was desperate and didn't have the funding to conduct controlled experiments, so...
 * Batman: The Animated Series (and the entire DCAU, for that matter) started with an episode where a professor drank serum with bat DNA and became the Man Bat.
 * In Batman Beyond, Dr. Able Cuvier is the inventor of modern splicing technology—and like his forerunners above, used himself as the first test subject. Funnily enough, while Cuvier's splicing is easily reversible and completely painless,
 * Archer:

"Shredder: Why are you being so generous? I thought you hated me. Krang: I do! There's a chance it might malfunction."
 * Discussed in one episode of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles where Krang explains why this is a bad idea; while he does intend to use his enlarging ray on himself, he "offers" to test it on Shredder first:


 * Naturally, this proves a good idea as the test run shows it is better to test such a device outdoors.

Real Life
"Last Friday ... I had to interrupt my laboratory work in the middle of the afternoon and go home, because I was seized with a feeling of great restlessness and mild dizziness. At home, I lay down and sank into a not unpleasant delirium, which was characterized by extremely excited fantasies. In a semiconscious state, with my eyes closed (I felt the daylight to be unpleasantly dazzling), fantastic visions of extraordinary realness and with an intense kaleidoscopic play of colors assaulted me. After about two hours this condition disappeared."
 * The smallpox vaccine
 * Jonas Salk and the polio vaccine.
 * The creator of LSD, Albert Hoffman, took some himself after a handful of inconclusive animal trials. From his lab notebook:


 * Read more here.
 * The inventor of cardiac catheterization did the first one to himself, with an x-ray to prove it. He even tied his assistant to a table to prevent him from interfering after everyone told him the procedure was insane. He survived the procedure and eventually ended up with the Nobel Prize.
 * Colonel John Paul Stapp (M.D., Ph.D) was an aeronautics expert involved in testing the limitations of the human body in high speed flight at the dawn of the jet age. Due to the lack of crash test dummies that could accurately model the human body or report on how they felt, Col. Stapp offered his services as a substitute. In 1947 the conventional wisdom that forces greater than 18G would prove fatal. After numerous tests in rocket powered contraptions Col. Stapp shattered this barrier and eventually reached 46.2G, a record which stands to this day as the highest g-forces ever voluntarily experienced by a human being.
 * Predictably Stapp suffered repeated and various injuries including broken limbs, ribs, detached retina, and miscellaneous traumas which eventually resulted in lifelong lingering vision problems caused by permanently burst blood vessels in his eyes.
 * Stapp is possibly one of the few crossovers in the category of of Badass Bookworm and Colonel Badass
 * In order to demonstrate that stomach ulcers were caused by Helicobacter pylori, Barry Marshall cultured and drank a beakerfull. Along with his partner, he got a Nobel prize for this idiocy self-endangering behavior, which admittedly helped many people.
 * This is a myth. See this CSICOP linkl. Basically, experimenting on himself demonstrated that these bacteria can make you sick, but not specifically cause an ulcer (which he didn't get), and his sickness went away without treatment. Furthermore, experimenting on yourself is a bad idea because you are a biased observer. They did get a nobel prize, but for the conventional research part of what they did, not for this stunt.
 * Having read the original paper as a student of pathology this troper can clarify that they did, in fact, demonstrate a link between the two, hence the Nobel Prize, ingesting micro-organisms to induce illness not being particularly original. Granted the prize was not for swallowing the broth, but the experiment did provide a valuable proof of the mechanism of intestinal pathology by the bacterium in question.
 * Isaac Newton was a real-life example of this trope. In addition to looking into the sun through a telescope, he also forced blood to his head until he passed out, and jammed a bodkin behind his eye to check if squashing it would make what he saw go blurry by changing the distance between the back of the eyeball and confirm it was a lens at the front.
 * Giles Brindley, inventor of early drug treatments for impotence. Link may be NWS. Link may also be disturbing to male readers.
 * Troy Hurtubise, quite possibly the only living Mad Scientist, cheerfully tests his inventions on himself. The more notable of these being: Project Grizzly, a bear-proof suit (The bears were too intimidated by it's appearance, and walked away. Stood up to a biker gang quite well though); Fire Paste, a light, spreadable material that hardens into an insulating shell (He put a mask on the back of his skull made of the paste and had a few thousand degrees of blowtorch pointed at it); and the "Trojan" Armor, an approximately forty-pound armor suit with various useful attachments (So far, Troy has found no one actually willing to shoot him while he is wearing the suit).
 * Pellagra, a 'disease' caused by vitamin B3 (niacin) deficiency, used to be thought of as contagious until a particular scientist made the discovery that it was, well, just a vitamin deficiency, when he noticed that most cases happened in poor areas with people grouped tightly together. While that does obviously make it seem contagious, a closer look revealed that younger children, with weaker immune systems, seemed to be free of the condition. The answer was because they got supplies of milk for growth while others did not. However, where this trope comes into play is when the doctor in question published his findings in addition to the results of an experiment of treating test subjects with pellagra with niacin-rich foods. He was rejected because the scientific community refused to believe that pellagra just COULDN'T be infectious. So he, his wife, and 12 additional colleagues obtained the snot, vomit, feces, urine, sweat, saliva, and blood of pellagra victims, created pills of them, and swallowed them all. That proved their point.
 * In order to prove that Irukandji syndrome was caused by the Irukandji jellyfish, Jack Barnes deliberately stung himself, his son, and a Lifeguard who happened to get the wrong shift that day...
 * Meet Dr. Gordon Giesbrecht, AKA Professor Popsicle. He believes that the best way to study the effects of hypothermia on the human body is to subject himself to it. Repeatedly. By doing things like falling into frozen lakes, fully dressed.
 * Dr. Stephane Huberty has myasthenia gravis, a condition too rare to get much attention from researchers. He found out about a possible vaccine, only tested on animals, and set up a company to produce it. But clinical trials were several years and millions of dollars away—so he injected himself. Apparently he's feeling better. (The article lists a few more examples of this trope, not all encouraging.)
 * In a humorous example, writer A.J. Jacobs has become known for the single gimmick behind most of his books: live some unconventional way for a period of time, then write about it. His experiments include trying to live every word of the Bible literally, trying to follow George Washington's favorite code of etiquette, and outsourcing every aspect of his life to India. The results are, predictably, hilarious.
 * The Nuremberg Code, formulated after the trials of the concentration camp "doctors," expressly forbids any form of human experimentation unless the doctors in question experiment on themselves - and treats even that exception as being ethically and morally dubious. No country has ever adopted the Nuremberg Code in its entirety.