Bad Dreams

""I could be bounded in a nutshell and count myself a king of infinite space, were it not that I have bad dreams.""

- Hamlet

The Hero has hurt in his Backstory. A world of hurt. Or worse, he had to Shoot the Dog and is wracked with guilt. Or, both.

Not that he will show it, not him, not The Stoic. (Perhaps just on this topic, but that's where it hurts.) He won't even say Don't You Dare Pity Me!; he would if someone sympathized, but his pain is too hidden for anyone to think of pitying him. He won't even suffer a Not So Stoic moment. Or Sand in My Eyes. So how do you show the readers (and sometimes the other characters) he's not actually just cold and heartless? How do you humanize him without Character Derailment? Or inappropriate Character Development for the story?

You give him Bad Dreams.

There are various options:
 * Mildest, he can be restless in bed or mutter to himself—or even start shouting. Or other characters can comment on it.
 * Show the dream sequence, showing his terror and a remarkable lucid account of the trauma (possibly a Flashback Nightmare, possibly symbolically represented), and how he woke in horror. Either a Nightmare Sequence, Daydream Surprise or All Just a Dream is possible.
 * Have him talk in his sleep (or in a delirum). This is used, often, to let other characters in on the secret. His talk is often remarkably clear, lucid, exact, and detailed. True, the significance often has to be pieced together, but it can be done.

As soon as he wakes (often by sitting up in bed), he will be back to normal. However, he may suffer Insomnia, which can reach dangerous proportions if they are Recurring Dreams. If he woke everyone else screaming, he will apologize for disturbing them. Usually. Once in a while, someone will actually admit to a secret at this point; this can be unrealistically beneficial. If the character suffers from Go Mad From the Isolation, he will often not be able to remember that he is safe until several moments after waking.

If it stemmed from My Greatest Failure, may overlap with Anxiety Dreams, and be fixed with it if the character tackles the problem the second time round.

Visions about bad things, whether past, present, or future, or plain old ordinary dreams that are just unpleasant, are not Bad Dreams; Bad Dreams indicate trauma. (And Truth in Television, really can stem from trauma.)

Can be used to show the extent of trauma for any person, but obviously more likely for the Stoic, the Emotionless Girl, Broken Bird, and the like. Or in cases where the character would never show his pain before a particular person. On the other hand, it is a convincing way of demonstrating trauma for, and humanizing, anyone, since you can't fake dreams. May be used to reveal the true character of No Hero to His Valet (type 2). Or demonstrate that Being Evil Sucks. Or to show that The Alcoholic is Drowning My Sorrows. The Captain is prone to Bad Dreams because he cannot show weakness in front of his men and feels responsible for them.

The Complete Monster, on the other hand, may be explicitly described as sleeping like a baby. Just to underscore his monstrosity.

Your Worst Nightmare may be mistaken for Bad Dreams. When the character suffers from Trauma-Induced Amnesia, often overlaps with Dreaming the Truth.

Contrast Dreaming of Things to Come. When the dreams are symbolic, they can not always be distinguished; dreams of a villain could be remembering the past encounters, or foreshadowing future ones. Also contrast Talking in Your Dreams. The character may not be able to tell that someone is communicating because the means are bringing up memories.

May be a Fever Dream Episode. Supertrope of Flashback Nightmare, which always shows the nightmare and is literal. These are often Recurring Dreams, at least by implication.

Anime and Manga

 * Guts from Berserk gets these a lot because of his horrible childhood. It only gets worse when he gets the Brand Of Sacrifice.
 * Tarou from Ghost Hound has been having these ever since he got kidnapped when he was 4.
 * Asuka from Neon Genesis Evangelion has one right beside shy protagonist Shinji on their final night of having to sleep together. It's about her mother.
 * Lucy from Elfen Lied demonstrates all three of the variations at one point or another. One of her Bad Dreams lasts for more than an episode.
 * In Fruits Basket Yuki suffers a Bad Dream about his mother. He is worried because he hasn't had it in a while.
 * Rin also suffers a Bad Dream about her parents when she's ill.
 * At one point, Tohru has a bad dream about the day her mother left and was hit by a car and killed. The dream itself wasn't bad (just her mother bidding Tohru goodbye as she left for work), but Tohru watches while knowing what will happen and wakes up as she tries to warn her mother not to leave.
 * Haruhi Suzumiya empowers total strangers to come in and mop up her bad dreams, then has a good dream with her SO.
 * Hellsing : Alucard, of all people, has bad dreams of when Abraham Van Helsing defeats him, and later has hallucinations containing homages to various films. He's properly freaked out about this. This is exaggerated in the fifth OVA.
 * Digimon Adventure 02 basically managed to turn Ken Ichijoji from the psychopathic Big Bad into The Woobie by using this method.
 * In Count Cain, the titular Cain suffers near-constant nightmares due to his father's abuse and generally miserable childhood. Peculiarly, his own bad deeds,  don't seem to bother him at all.
 * Evangeline of Mahou Sensei Negima has recurring nightmares of the day the Thousand Master rejected her, defeated her, and sealed her in Mahora Academy.
 * After the events at the start of the Magic World arc, Negi himself had one where he saw all his students petrified. It ends with the petrified Asuna shattering.
 * Shows up multiple times in Chrono Crusade.
 * Chrono is shown having nightmares both after Rizelle is killed (implying guilt for Chrono and also hinting at his [at the time] unrevealed Backstory) and in a flashback (hinting that he possibly has something like PTSD after a battle while leaving the demon's home world).
 * Rosette also has a bad dream after a traumatic battle that's half-flashback and half-symbolic, which sets up the uncharacteristic despair she's in for the rest of the chapter.
 * In the anime, Rosette has a bad dream about Joshua to foreshadow the reveal about her backstory.
 * Pokémon: The Rise of Darkrai features a Pokémon specifically capable of giving any sleeping person Bad Dreams, and is physically incapable of doing otherwise. When the main character, Ash, is put to sleep, he's given a vision of Palkia's appearance in the city. Of course, he doesn't realise what's going on until it's too late.
 * Additionally, due to Palkia's Space Warping powers being out-of-control at this point, any Pokémon put to sleep will have their nightmares in full view for everyone to see. Most of the Pokémon dream of being chased by "something frightening" - Lickylicky on the other hand dreams that it has transformed into Baron Alberto (not strictly the villain, more of a Jerkass) and thus the actual Baron ends up turning into Lickylicky. He even takes advantage of this in an attempt to battle Darkrai and begins using attacks. He loses. When Palkia wakes up and regains some control of its powers, the images of nightmares fade away and the Pokémon all inexplicably wake up at the same time.
 * In Full Metal Panic!, Sousuke is eventually shown to have nightmares concerning, along with his dead mother (who died protecting him, and told him to "fight" and "never give up"). These nightmare sequences are pretty much the only mention or thoughts he gives of his mother (as he isn't a very sentimental person), and without them, it would be made rather ambiguous whether or not Sousuke even remembered his mother (since she died when he was 3–4 years old, and he was even shown going mute and repressing memories of her when he was young, and only got better with Kalinin's help).
 * Happens early on in the Fullmetal Alchemist manga, with Ed
 * Maria in Sakura Wars has Flashback Nightmares about her time as a soldier in Russia and particularly about the death of her commanding officer (who was either her mentor [anime] or her love interest [manga]... the original game is unclear on this point), for which she feels responsible.
 * In Virgin Love, Kaoru has a lot of trouble catching sleep because he always dreams of his abusive childhood.

Comic Books

 * Heather Hudson has a dream sequence after the death of her husband in Alpha Flight: in the graveyard, one by one, the team members leave her. Then her dead husband's rotting corpse rises out of the grave and chases her.
 * Batman in various media and usually focusing on reliving the night of his parents' murder, with story appropriate variations.
 * Magneto suffers these from his experiences in the Holocaust and his daughter's death afterwards.
 * At the end of Watchmen,  seems perfectly content that he did the right thing, but seems to show a hint of doubt when he mentions his dream of "swimming towards a terrible...never mind", drawing a parallel between his story and the mariner of the comic-within-a-comic, in which.
 * Several of the members of the post-Zero Hour Legion of Super-Heroes have recurring Bad Dreams following the "Legion of the Damned" arc, in which many of them were taken over by The Blight.
 * Yorick, the protagonist of Y: The Last Man, gets these frequently. At one point one of his companions comments that they'd hate to live in his mind.
 * A variant of this trope appears in The Punisher MAX. Frank's worst dream is actually a happy dream of an alternate future in which his family didn't go to the park and he is a grandfather who is having dinner with his wife, children, children-in-law, and grandchildren. The reason that Frank considers this a bad dream is because it painfully reminds him that his family is dead when he wakes up.

Film

 * In Breakfast at Tiffany's, Holly gets into bed with Paul and talks in her sleep about, apparently, losing her beloved brother in the snow. The trope is slightly averted in that she'd already revealed, earlier in that scene, that she worries about her brother, but not the extent to which it distresses her.
 * Wolverine in the X-Men movies is shown to have some nasty nightmares about his experience with Weapon X. Nightmares so nasty he wakes up and stabs whatever's in front of him.
 * Or whoever, unfortunately for Rogue.

Literature
"A devilish dream it was, too. I trod again all the long, weary roads I traveled on my way to the kingship."
 * Apparently this is a thing for the grimdark world of Warhammer 40,000 tie-ins:
 * In Sandy Mitchell's Ciaphas Cain books, Cain claims that his sleep has not been troubled by leaving people to die; in a footnote, Amberley Vail comments that actually, Cain is prone to nightmares.
 * In The Traitor's Hand, he has a nightmare of an encounter with a Chaos cult, some Flashback Nightmare, with some alterations. He later learns.
 * In Dan Abnett's Gaunt's Ghosts novel Ghostmaker, Major Rawne stands over Gaunt while he is sleeping. He is considering killing him for preventing him from trying to save his planet, Tanith, when he hears Gaunt babble about Tanith, and no, and I won't let you. Enough to keep him from killing him.
 * Later, Gaunt realizes that something is odd when he dreams about Tanith before it was destroyed; it is the lack of destruction that is odd, because his dreams are haunted by Tanith's destruction.
 * In Necropolis, soldiers are ordered to close the gates on refugees because the city already has as many as it can take (and feed). They are described as having nightmares about it for years.
 * In First & Only, when on Cracia, Corbec reflects on how Fortis Binary still shows up in his dreams, but less frequently as time passes.
 * In Honour Guard, Dorden describes dreaming of his dead son, which he thinks a message; Corbec asked if he had dreamed before, and Dorden says, every night, but this felt different.
 * In Graham McNeill's Ultramarines novel The Warriors of Ultramar, Sister Joaniel still has Bad Dreams of her work on Remian IV, though she was dubbed "the Angel of Remian" by the soldiers grateful for her ministrations. (Didn't help that she was the sole survivor of a direct hit on her hospital.)
 * The Killing Ground features numerous characters suffering from Bad Dreams.
 * In Dan Abnett's Horus Heresy novel Legion, Soneka has Bad Dreams.
 * In Graham McNeill's Fulgrim, Serena d'Angelus suffers nightmares from and forgot; this leads to her realizing that she was Dreaming the Truth, and Driven to Suicide.
 * In Gav Thorpe's The Last Chancers novels, Kage suffers from bad dreams while in warp. When, in Kill Team, he frightens the trainees by showing them he could have killed them all in their sleep, they suffer from bad dreams as well.
 * In Lee Lightner's Space Wolf novel Wolf's Honour, Ragnar confides in Gabriella that he think his enemy Madox is in his dreams. Gabriella dismisses it as Bad Dreams; he feels guilty about what went awry in an previous encounter.
 * In James Swallow's novel Faith & Fire, Miriya says that her time as a warden over psykers still haunts her on the darkest nights.
 * In Dan Abnett's Xenos, Eisenhorn describes the Bad Dreams he suffers from a number of failures. He also suffers from Dreaming of Things to Come, and at the end of Xenos, explicitly says he can not tell whether dreams of a daemonhost were Bad Dreams or Dreaming of Things to Come.
 * In Simon Spurrier's Warhammer 40,000 novel Lord of the Night, Zso Sahaal has bad dreams over losing the Corona Nox, the gift of his primarch and the symbol of being his heir.
 * In Nick Kyme's novel Salamander, Dak'ir dreams of the past, including Bad Dreams about Moribur. This may be related to his Dreaming of Things to Come.
 * It's never stated exactly what the deal is, but Mr. Tulip in the Discworld novel The Truth supposedly screams in his sleep due to severe childhood trauma. The only clue we get is something about hiding from soldiers inside a church.
 * In Patricia A. McKillip's The Forgotten Beasts Of Eld, Coren wakes Sybil with his screams and when she goes to wake him, he is babbling of his brothers and a disastrous battle they fought.
 * In Dorothy Gilman's The Tightrope Walker, Amelia is plagued with nightmares. Once, she wakes up screaming of the nightmare of finding her mother's body after she had committed suicide by hanging herself. She confesses to Joe that her mother had not just died when she was young, she had committed suicide. Joe deduces from her comments that her mother must have known she would find the body.
 * Lois McMaster Bujold's Miles Vorkosigan suffers from repeated Bad Dreams from the combat-related deaths he has seen.
 * Eddard Stark from A Song of Ice and Fire also suffers from repeated nightmares where he relives his sister's death and the promises he had to make her. Whatever said promises actually were.
 * Melisandre also has bad dreams, and hopes that eventually her god will remove the need for sleep from her entirely.
 * Invoked: Harry Potter has a dream of his parents' death.
 * When Harry is mocked by his cousin for this, we learn that he's been having dreams about
 * Also, Dumbledore, when tormented by  has some bad, bad recollections.
 * Ginny whilst possessed by Riddle in Chamber of Secrets, assuming Percy was telling the truth about her having nightmares.
 * And Molly had dreams about her husband and children dying.
 * In Death's Eve Dallas gets these. She often has to be dragged out of them by her husband Roarke.
 * In Stephen King's Apt Pupil, one of the main characters, who used to be a commander of a Nazi concentration camp, frequently has nightmares about it.
 * The other main character, a boy who blackmails him to tell stories about the Holocaust, also gets nightmares from them.
 * Imriel de Courcel from Kushiels Dart. Being kept as a sex slave for over a year at the age of ten; it was understandable.
 * In Robert Jordan's The Wheel of Time, certain characters can inhabit the World of Dreams, where you can be killed by your own nightmares. Or sometimes other peoples' nightmares.
 * And some of Egwene's prophetic dreams scare the living shit out of her. Especially the one with the lamp and the ravens.
 * Crake, from Oryx and Crake, is mentioned to scream in his sleep, but says he never remembers his dreams.
 * In Ursula K. Le Guin's The Tombs of Atuan, the heroine suffers Bad Dreams after she sacrifices some prisoners.
 * Nova Stihl, a trooper on the Death Star, was mildly Force-Sensitive. Not only did he dream of future events, but as the date before the Death Star was completed and tested came near his dreams became worse and worse, and apparently he woke up screaming pretty often. The gunner who actually fired the Death Star quickly found that Evil Feels Terrible, and he just plain couldn't sleep for guilt and horror.
 * In Brian Jacques's Redwall, Cluny has Bad Dreams about past atrocities—mixed with Dreaming of Things to Come.
 * This is given to many of the villains.
 * In The Dresden Files, Harry reports these, briefly and in passing. He specifically contrasts Talking in Your Dreams with them.
 * The events of Changes causes them for everyone with the Art after a Crowning Moment of Awesome
 * In Neil Gaiman's Neverwhere, Door dreams of the past. These are not always bad as such but they always remind her.
 * In Wen Spencer's A Brother's Price, Ren has Bad Dreams of the Backstory explosion that killed half her family.
 * In Suzanne Collins The Hunger Games, Katniss still has Bad Dreams about her father's death (in the Backstory).
 * In Catching Fire, they have mutated to being about the Games.
 * This is implied to be almost ubiquitous among victors.
 * In John C. Wright's Titans of Chaos, Amelia mentions she still sees the eyes of a certain maenad late at night.
 * In James Stoddard's The High House, Carter has bad dreams after being locked in the well-named Room of Horrors.
 * Wild Cards series:
 * Croyd "The Sleeper" Crenson spends weeks awake, then weeks to months sleeping. The same nightmare returns every time, unless he seeks professional help. As Croyd grows more and more paranoid with every waking day, said help is very unlikely.
 * James "Demise" Spector has survived the Black Queen, a condition usually fatal. He is permanently experiencing death, and tries to never fall asleep sober.
 * Jay "Popinjay" Acroyd returns to the same nightmare every night. He gets better after
 * In Robert E. Howard's The Hour of the Dragon, Conan the Barbarian suffers from bad dreams, though less bad than most, and with hints of Talking in Your Dreams.


 * In Josepha Sherman's The Shining Falcon, Ljuba has bad dreams about her attempts to ensnare Finist. She suppresses the knowledge that she deserved it.
 * In L. Jagi Lamplighter's Prospero Lost, Miranda recounted how she suffers bad dreams from an Attempted Rape.
 * Carrera's Legions: Carrera is plagued by these, both over the murder of his family in a terrorist attack and, later, his to get the family of the leader of the terrorists he was fighting in the first half of the series.
 * In Jasper Fforde's Well of Lost Plots, Thursday Next suffers these—albeit under the influence of a Dream Weaver.
 * In Krabat, when some peasants ask the miller (really an evil wizard) to make it snow, Jerkass Lyschko uses magic to make them think they were attacked by wild dogs. In the night, someone makes Lyschko dream of wild dogs killing him. Five times, then the other boys have enough and make him sleep somewhere else.
 * In Jack Campbell's Fearless, some of the freed prisoners suffer from bad dreams of being prisoner again.
 * King Elias in Memory, Sorrow, and Thorn is plagued by dreams so terrible that he no longer sleeps, opting instead to wander his castle throughout the night. Other characters closely affected by the swords are also tormented in their sleep; most notably Simon, Guthwolf and Camaris.
 * In Michael Flynn's The January Dancer, the advantage of fighting for a nobler cause is that a Shell-Shocked Veteran, waking cold and shaking from Bad Dreams, can sometimes get back to sleep.

Live-Action TV

 * In the Torchwood episode "Small Worlds", Jack Harkness dreams about his last encounter with The Fair Folk, and how all his men died.
 * River from Firefly has these as a result of what happened to her at the Academy.
 * The main characters from Supernatural get hit by this a few times.
 * In season four, Dean spends many nights tossing over his nightmares of hell. In season seven, Dean is once again having nightmares, this time about
 * Sam had nightmares throughout Season 1. While some were visions, the ones where he watched his girlfriend die over and over again still affected him like this. In season seven,
 * In one episode, Bobby's nightmares are used against him by a Monster of the Week, as are Dean's.
 * The later-period M*A*S*H episode "Dreams" consists of each of the exhausted characters falling asleep and dreaming a symbolic but horrific dream reflecting the war (except Potter, who has a really nice dream about home). At the end, they are talking about going to bed, Winchester quotes, "To sleep, perchance to dream", and everyone decides that, after all, another cup of coffee might be enough.
 * In "Hawk's Nightmare", the imitable Hawkeye goes through sleepwalking and terrifying dreams where he wakes screaming loud enough to rouse most of the camp. It's determined that he's having a sane reaction to his insane situation, and the worst his childhood had to offer was $20 he may or may not owe an old friend.
 * Commander Sinclair in Babylon 5 was plagued with dreams of the Battle of the Line.
 * In The X-Files, Mulder often relives his sister's kidnapping during nightmares.
 * In season 2, he also dreams of Scully being tortured by those who abducted her.
 * Reversed in season 8, in which Scully has nightmares of Mulder being tortured ruthlessly by aliens. These get so regular she panics when she's not having them anymore, for fear that his death may be the reason.
 * In Buffy the Vampire Slayer, in addition to Prophetic Dreams, Buffy experiences guilt-fueled dreams about her encounter with Faith in the season 3 finale episode "Graduation Day" (part 1). These dreams begin peacefully but become Bad Dreams because of Buffy's guilt. The dreams appear in episodes involving Faith after the aforementioned encounter.
 * Likewise at the beginning of Season 3, Buffy's dreams reflect her guilt at killing a re-souled Angel in the Season 2 finale. The dreams stop after she confesses her action to Giles.
 * The two-part 3rd Rock from the Sun episode "A Nightmare on Dick Street" has each of the aliens experiencing a vivid bad dream (shown in 3D, no less).
 * The Doctor Who special The End Of Time begins with everyone on Earth having nightmares of a laughing man.
 * In "The Next Doctor", the amnesic, possible future incarnation of the Doctor has Bad Dreams, stating that with everything a Time Lord has seen and done, of course he has Bad Dreams. The Tenth Doctor simply replies "Yeah,".
 * In the Series Five episode "Amy's Choice", the Eleventh Doctor's cheerful carefree manner is revealed to be a mask at least some of the time. This is revealed in two dreams caused by psychic pollen. Amy and Rory are also included in these dreams, so they end up seeing Eleven's inner darkness for themselves.
 * In the first series of Spaced, Tim wakes from dreams of his ex-girlfriend shouting out her name on several occasions.
 * "They've Got a Secret", a first-season episode of Farscape, shows a hallucinatory version of this: D'Argo is awake and walking around the ship, but is hallucinating, and thinks that the other characters are actually people from his past. They eventually realize this, and play along to get him to snap out of it. We (and his crewmates) learn about his wife and son in this way.
 * Spencer Reid in Criminal Minds. In the two-parter "The Instincts" and "Memoriam'', the entire plot is driven by the fact that he is having horrible dreams that include finding a dead body behind a dryer, seeing babies at a crime scene, and being devoured by leeches (he wakes up in the middle of the night at a victims house shouting "Morgan, get 'em off me!", which is a huge piece of bait for shippers). He later connects these dreams to his father in "Memoriam" and the investigation is on.
 * Earlier in the show, Rossi is haunted by nightmares relating to the Galen murders.
 * Robin from Robin Hood has nightmares about fighting in the Holy Land, but oddly none (that we see) about the fact that was murdered in the Holy Land. On the other hand, Guy is seen having a nightmare after he kills.

Video Games

 * In one of the multiple endings, from Star Ocean: Till the End of Time is accused by the protagonist of causing him to wake up every night with his screaming from nightmares.
 * Cloud from Final Fantasy VII experiences these regularly over the course of the game (sometimes while he is wide awake).
 * Haunted by his actions in the attack of Mysidia, and distraught by the King stripping him of his rank, Cecil from Final Fantasy IV suffers from bad dreams on the night before his assignment on the Village of Mist. Rosa is there to comfort him.
 * In Final Fantasy VI, Shadow's backstory is only revealed through his flashback Bad Dreams when you rest at an inn.
 * Max Payne gets these a lot as a result of failing to save his wife and baby girl.
 * Miles Edgeworth in the first Ace Attorney game admits that he's dreamed of his father's murder almost every night for the last fifteen years.
 * Serge from Chrono Cross suffers a melancholy dream about Kid after seeing Lynx take over his body and stab her, and getting shunted into another dimension in the aftermath.
 * At the end of Metal Gear 2, Snake yells at Big Boss that he's had terrible nightmares for the last four years, and says that by killing Big Boss he can end the nightmares. Not only does this not work, it's not terribly conducive to drama when Snake's nightmares were never actually mentioned until that one scene. On the bright side, the nightmares were eventually developed into PTSD and this was used to flesh out Snake's character into something more rounded.
 * Metal Gear Solid 3 has a bonus scene if you save while in the prison cell which is Snake's (somewhat odd) nightmare (Snake's afraid of vampires, and Para-medic talks about Dracula after you save). The scene is actually a demo of "Guy Savage", a game that was never released. Following the dramatic wake-up you can call your support team to get some humorous conversations (like SIGINT's rather disturbing dream).
 * In Metal Gear Solid: Portable Ops, Python mentions having nightmares every night due to the people he's killed as an assassin, which was only training for him to kill Snake. By killing Snake, he reasons the nightmares would go away.
 * Aribeth in the original Neverwinter Nights campaign has a lot of these in chapter 2
 * In The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion, the player character has some pretty scary dreams if they become a vampire. It's a good thing they didn't actually show them as a cinematic!
 * In Daggerfall it was. It was suitably creepy.
 * In the Point Lookout DLC to Fallout 3, your character is exposed to hallucinogenic swamp plants, and goes on a bad head trip through the swamp; including mocking bobble-heads with inscriptions insulting you and your mother's death. Then when you wake up, it's revealed somebody cracked open your head and cut out a chunk of brain.
 * Yo-Jin-Bo allows you to have a conversation with  if you   while on their respective paths.
 * In Dragon Age Origins, Grey Wardens suffer Bad Dreams after the Joining . Eventually they can block them out..
 * In Lux-Pain, although Atsuki haven't dreamt them since joining FORT, the dream about how his parents died, as well as his sister being eaten by Silent infectees and barely surviving, came back in Episode 1 and it counts. No one knows about it until.
 * Bao-Dur and the Exile in Knights of the Old Republic II are revealed to have bad dreams about the Mandalorian War, particularly the final battle. In a randomly generated cutscene on the Ebon Hawk, the Exile walks the ship while everyone else is asleep - except for Bao-Dur, who can't sleep for the same reasons, and sympathises.
 * Fate/stay night: Shirou Emiya still has dreams about the end of the fourth Grail War and is wracked by his helplessness to save those around him at the time.
 * Fallout: New Vegas gives us potential companion Craig Boone, who was forced to Shoot the Dog twice. After you gain his trust, he'll tell you that he thinks about even when he sleeps. He also states that a dream made him reconsider traveling with the Courier to the site of the massacre.
 * Kratos' motivation to serve the gods in the first God of War game is to rid himself of the nightmares that he'd been plagued with since he killed his wife and child.
 * The Pokémon Darkrai's Special Ability is named this. It hits an opposing Pokemon for 1/8 of its max HP at the end of every turn if it is sleeping. The move Nightmare does the same thing, but it does 1/4 of their max health instead.
 * In the first Mass Effect Shepard can tell Liara that s/he's being kept up at night from dreams and visions from what s/he saw when s/he accessed the Prothean beacon.
 * When asked how he is at the end of The Arrival DLC for Mass Effect 2, Shepard will reply that s/he's no longer having visions, "if that's what you mean."
 * And in Mass Effect 3, s/he has a cutscene after leaving the Citadel about  It is indicated in dialogue that Shepard now suffers nightmares about   every time s/he goes to sleep.
 * In an e-mail conversation in Assassin's Creed: Brotherhood, Rebecca says that she hears Demond screaming during the night. Apparently, there are some psychological drawbacks to strapping a person to a machine that messes with their memories for several hours at a time. Who would have guessed?

Web Comics

 * Type Two is the primary way in which the reader learns Lexx's backstory in Alien Dice. Early in the story, Chel wakes Lexx up because he was crying out in his sleep while remembering . He refuses to share his past with her.
 * In Order of the Stick, V wakes from a trance with Bad Dreams—which are actually memories, as elves' trance isn't technically sleep.
 * Metanoia's Star Tyrian, Lampshaded 2+ 19 by the character.
 * Several times in Platinum Grit, Jeremy has nightmares about his insane cousin Dougal coming back for revenge. Sometimes with a few odd goings on to suggest they're more than dreams.
 * Shopclerk, from Adorable Desolation wakes up screaming every morning, but he doesn't remember what he's been dreaming about.
 * Bob and George Megaman has them, apparently
 * Dominic Deegan: After the battle And for someone else, too.
 * Shelley has them in Wapsi Square.
 * and not Shelley alone, though they thought they were just nightmares
 * In El Goonish Shive, Grace used to have them before.
 * In Prickly City, the voter who cast the deciding vote to elect Kevin, Lost Bunny of the Apocalypse, to the Senate (and get him out of Prickly City), has dreams of his campaign for the presidency—combining this with Anxiety Dreams.
 * Ninth Elsewhere: Since the story takes place almost entirely in one of the character's subconscious, this trope was inevitable.
 * In Blue Yonder, Jared dreams of his family -- ending with the moment they were attacked.

Web Original

 * In The Gamers Alliance, Refan and Ronove suffer from these. In Refan's case it's mostly about the guilt for having killed for the first time, but he also has flashback dreams which make him gradually remember who was responsible for his mother's death, and later he even has nightmares about his nemesis who contacts him telepathically. Ronove's dreams make him gradually recover his memory, and their content foreshadows that he is in fact a.
 * Kate of Kate Modern is frequently disturbed by strange dreams featuring needles, morbid imagery and sinister figures. In the Grand Finale "The Last Work", it is implied that these are memories.
 * These happen all over the place in Broken Saints. Chapter 7, Lucid, is all about the lucid dreams Raimi's been having.
 * Considering how traumatic her entire life is, Himei Shoutan of Sailor Nothing gets these very often. Most of the time, it's just pieces of her memory replayed for her viewing pleasure, but sometimes, her nightmares go all creative on her. She doesn't wake from them screaming. At least, not anymore.
 * The first chapter of Greek Ninja begins with Sasha having one.
 * Ayla Goodkind of the Whateley Universe routinely has Bad Dreams that reflect her self-doubts and the horrific traumas she has gone through since she became a mutant. Most of the Phase stories have at least one night of nightmares.
 * The Nostalgia Chick screams at the Will Smith fish to please leave her nightmares.
 * Likewise, The Nostalgia Critic states Pauly Shore's creepy laughing will be the new soundtrack to his night-terrors for a while.
 * Ti'Cira Hawk from The Gungan Council has reoccuring nightmares reliving the torture sessions under the hands of Azrael Daragon during her time in slavery.

Western Animation

 * Done without seeing the actual dream in Batman Beyond, when Payback calls himself Bruce's worst nightmare, and Bruce simply retorts "You have no idea what my nightmares are like."
 * Similarly notable in an episode of Justice League where the team was being locked inside their own nightmares. Batman, running on willpower and coffee, struggles mightily to stay awake, and when bad guy taunts him, he says, "You don't want to see my nightmares." That Chekhov's Gun doesn't fire, though, and he takes his opponent down before passing out.
 * X-Men: Evolution has Mesmero using his Psychic Powers to enter the minds of a bunch of X-Kids as they sleep, then he turns their dreams into nightmares, and ultimately mind rapes them into serving him.
 * In Ghost of a Chance, Kitty has a bizarre dream about befriending a girl named Danielle, and then she has more hallucinations/bad dreams about Danielle, including one where the mansion begins to flood and ooze slime from the walls, while a zombie-like Danielle calls for Kitty to help her.
 * Wolverine also has nightmares about the Weapon X program; the episode they appear in has some justification, though, in that his brain is being remotely messed with by the original scientist in charge of the Weapon X program.
 * The Season 2 opener for Avatar: The Last Airbender shows that Aang has been experiencing nightmares (for what was probably the better part of a month) about his actions under the Avatar State in the previous season finale.
 * Zuko's had some bad dreams, too, mostly having to do with his struggle to please his father and his desire to fulfill his destiny, as seen in S 2 E 17, "The Earth King."
 * Season 3 has an entire episode (called "Nightmares and Daydreams") devoted to Aang's stress-induced nightmares before invading the Fire Nation. He forgoes sleep and decides to spend his days and nights training, resulting in a series of hilarious sleep-deprivation induced daydreams. Most of his so-called "nightmares" are also Played for Laughs ("Oh no, I forgot my pants and my math test!"), but at least one of them approaches serious Nightmare Fuel territory.
 * The finale of Courage the Cowardly Dog featured two of these, resulting from Courage's constant berating from an evil teacher. Both of them involve bizarre creatures taunting him about his imperfections. And these are nasty dreams, especially the first, more infamous one.
 * Subverted in an episode of The Fairly OddParents. Timmy is very guilty of releasing the town goat and blaming Vicky that he has "wish nightmares" brought on by wishing in his sleep, creating a garbled pink mess in his bedroom.

Real Life

 * People with post-traumatic stress disorder frequently have nightmares about the traumatic event in question.
 * In fact, this is a common enough symptom that treatment approaches for PTSD that target nightmares explicitly have been developed (and shown high efficacy).
 * People who fall into comatose states frequently have "dreams" in this vein as well, the memories of which usually haunt them for years to come. One member of the Adventure Quest forums allegedly was tortured by demons for three months while he was in a coma following an ATV accident and incorporated many of his hellish sequences into his stories.