Tell Me How You Fight

"Eliot: The tall one, the way he used the knife--ex-marine, probably force recon. Hardison: You I.D.'d a guy off his knife-fighting style? Eliot: It's a very distinctive style."

- Leverage, "The Homecoming Job"

...and I will tell you what you are.

You can tell a lot about a person by the way he fights. This is when a character's fighting style reflects his personality. Similar to Weapon of Choice except here, it's not so much what you use as how you use it.


 * Quick, elegant strikes: Character settles the dispute with one or two sudden, swift punches. This style often shows that a character is refined, often royalty, and usually very arrogant as well. See also Finger-Poke of Doom.
 * Suicidal tactics: Character launches forward, not caring about leaving himself wide open to attack. It is a style appropriate for Blood Knight, a Death Seeker, a Leeroy Jenkins or a Berserker. The character may also just be Nigh Invulnerable (or at least Made of Iron). Could be an Action Bomb. Often involves Suicidal Overconfidence.
 * Crippling and lethal techniques: Almost every attack made by the character in question is potentially crippling or lethal; this means character may be a Combat Pragmatist, or Badass, or pragmatic badass. Also quite appropriate for Sociopathic Hero. This style involves neck twisting, arm breaking, eye gouging...
 * Brute strength: The character focuses not so much on technique, as on his physical strength. Expect powerful punches... and not much else. Typical for Giant Mook and Dumb Muscle, among heroes occasionally for The Big Guy.
 * Can't Touch This: Character actually does little to harm the enemy, choosing instead to just defend himself and use the enemy's own strength against him, often humiliating him in the process. Style focuses on intercepting and countering attacks, occasionally grounding the opponent with a precise strike to a point of pressure. Character using this style is often wise and does not fear his opponent; there's a good chance on him being Martial Pacifist.
 * Attack Reflector on the other hand, can imply that the fighter is lazy or lets their Applied Phlebotinum handle everything, unless it's part of a more complex fighting style. Their overconfidence will usually be their undoing.
 * Lots of unnecessary movement: The style is not so much as combative as it is about flailing your arms in an intimidating way (which rarely works, unless opponent's style is even more about bullying than skill). Character is arrogant, untrained or both, may be Hot-Blooded. However, there's a chance of all this being just dangerously Obfuscating Stupidity.
 * Capoeira and other Dance Battlers: Often suggests a fun loving or lighthearted nature combined with the better elements of the unnecessary movement fighter.
 * Just as often, may imply an arrogant character toying with their victim (see Self-Imposed Challenge below). Possibly also a sadistic love of violence.
 * Self-Imposed Challenge: Character eschews weapons when everyone else uses them, or otherwise limits his power (and it may not be by choice); appropriate for a Proud Warrior Race Guy or variety of Martial Pacifist or "smiling, wrinkly old man" types. May be used by Blood Knights or Worthy Opponents who can't get a satisfying fight any other way, which shows deserved overconfidence. May be fond of saying I Am Not Left-Handed.
 * Calling Your Attacks: Suggests arrogance and confidence (or Magical Girl-ness).
 * Drunken Boxing: Suggests that the master is, well, drunken.
 * Combat Sadomasochist: The character likes to inflict and receive pain, and lots of it. The hallmark of a sadistic, careless villain. Depending on how strong the self preservation instinct is, the fighter might favor either the suicidal or elegant form when inflicting pain.

For a weapon-specific version, try Weapon of Choice.

Comic Books

 * From the comics Cassandra Cain, as Batgirl II, initially had trouble adjusting to being a crime fighter due to the fact her original style was focused specifically around assassination and most of her moves finished with a death blow.
 * Damian Wayne also struggles with this problem when he becomes Robin. All of his training under the League of Assassins focused on killing his opponents, so he is less effective as a Thou Shalt Not Kill crimefighter.
 * Green Lantern applies this idea to their use of the Green Lantern Rings. For instance, John Stewart is an architect by trade and all his constructs are structurally sound, while Kyle Rayner is an artist and favors fantastic creations like Humongous Mecha. In comparison to both of them, there's Boisterous Bruiser Guy Gardner, who makes little more than blunt objects with his ring.
 * In the Batman novel Batman: Year One, Bruce Wayne is able to surmise that Selina Kyle has had Karate training by fighting her.
 * Sin City has a wide variety of combatants:
 * Marv was a Combat Sadomasochist combined with a Combat Pragmatist flair. He often went in with strong punches and kicks, sometimes using whatever he can get his mits on.
 * Miho used crippling and lethal techniques. She goes in with the quick kills with plenty of Gorn mixed in. If some idiot decides to throw some racial slurs her way, one can expect a slow and painful death.
 * Wallace is about as skilled as Miho but is closer to the "Quick, elegant strikes" end since he's much nicer and doesn't always go for the kill.
 * If he fights without guns, Dwight often uses high kicks, going for the Dance Battler method simply because he hates skinning his knuckles with punches.

Film

 * In the final scene of House of Flying Daggers, Jin and exhibit mutually suicidal tactics. It may say more about their emotional states at the time than them as people, though.
 * Hero: Flying Snow is fast and elegant to Fading Moon's suicidal aggression. Long Sky handicaps himself by leaving the head of his spear covered for his entire battle with the Elite Guards.
 * In Fearless, Huo Yuanjia is portrayed in his fight with Qin Lei as a flashy and acrobatic fighter compared to the other's direct, powerful moves, which seems to comment on his gloryhounding personality. His ruthless use of improvised weapons in the latter half of their fight also seems to imply a great deal about him.
 * Though it's never commented on in-universe, the fighting styles of characters in The Matrix add another layer to the philosophy of the movie. Explained here.
 * In short, humans tend to have more fluid, flashy or distinctive styles based on the character (contrast Morpheus' kung fu to Ballard's boxing), while the Agents all use a generic karate-based style. Humans also use martial arts throws and wristlocks (Morpheus vs. Neo), wheras agents simply grab-and-heave, which works due to their incredible strength.
 * Actually, it does come up in universe in the second movie. Seraph (the Oracle's bodyguard) tells Neo he attacked him because fighting someone is the best way to get to know them.
 * Played with in the Star Wars Expanded Universe; lightsaber combat has many different styles that emphasize different things. They're not necessarily an indication of who the user is, though. Makashi is the style of precision and pragmatism...and is also used extensively by Count Dooku. On the flipside, Soresu emphasizes constant motion, always keeping the lightsaber moving so it's on its way to deflecting the next incoming attack even if it's not incoming yet. As one would expect, Obi-Wan, who doesn't put effort into hurting people, is a master of this.
 * The master. Not a master. When the man who invented his own school of lightsaber combat, and is Samuel L. Jackson, says "the master", you listen.
 * Knees and elbows from Muay Thai, first made popular by Tony Jaa in Ong Bak, represent a sort of nuclear option in a hand to hand fight. The Protector took this further. Between the movies, there tends to be a progression as our somewhat pacifistic hero meets bigger and badder enemies: push kicks and palm strikes, to punches and kicks, and finally to knees and elbow. Of course, to use knees and elbows you have to get closer to your opponent, and in some cases jump on their head, but with some acrobatics one can land a flying double knees to the face, or double elbows to the top of the skull. But hey, that's what a guy like Tony Jaa (5'6" 136 lbs) has to do to beat Nathan Jones (6'11" 350 lbs).
 * The principle is carried over from Real Life Muay Thai as well: Strike with brutality and precision and take out your opponent before he takes you out. Elbows are actually more efficient and less harmful to yourself than striking with a fist while at the same time providing ample knockout power, while using your knees instead of your feet prevents potential harm to your ankles.
 * In the Jet Li film The One, the homicidal Yulaw can be seen practising violent, straight strikes ("The fastest way between two points will always be a straight line") emphasizing brute force, simple attacks, and a straightforward approach to getting what he wants. Contrasting this, his good alternate self Gabe Law, practices a more flowing style, based around weaving, dodging, and flowing strikes. It's very useful against styles that forego finesse, and simply batter away at their opponents without much technique. It's almost ironic that Gabe is a police officer, and Yulaw is the villain, really.
 * The styles are Xing Yi Quan (Heart Mind Fist(?)) and Ba Gua Quan (Eight Trigrams Fist), respectively. The former is recognized as a simple and direct style that's easy to learn, but hard to master. The latter's famous for its circular stepping movements, usually used to strafe the opponent. Practitioners are usually encouraged to train in both styles to cover each other's strengths and weaknesses.
 * Nicely contrasted in the final fight.
 * It also ties in with their surroundings;
 * In the mixed martial arts film Warrior, Tommy, the aggressive, bitter brother, is as much a wild brawler and striker as he is a highly skilled and powerful wrestler. Brendan, the more even-tempered and calmer of the two, is a submission specialist that tends to win via technical groundwork.

Literature

 * The Demon Princes: Kirth Gersen deals out No Holds Barred Beatdowns as an example of his Determinator nature.

Live Action TV

 * In Power Rangers Wild Force a character is able to guess the White Ranger's identity just by watching her fight. Justified in that the person watching the White Ranger fight is in fact a) her father, and b) the person who taught her to fight.
 * In Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Faith's fighting style is described as being psychotic and out of control.
 * In Burn Notice, Michael must convince a Russian gangster that he himself is Russian and does so by using Sambo to fight him (Sambo being a Russian Martial art). In his voiceover, he notes that if you talk like a Russian but fight like an American, you can consider your cover blown.

Manga & Anime

 * Naruto: The title character fits the unnecessary movement part to a T. This shows especially well in his fight against Neji
 * In Dragon Ball, especially (ironically) the early parts, this shows in most characters. Goku himself has "the mind of a child" and so uses an extremely simplistic style, jumping straight at his enemies and just punching them. When he uses special attacks, they're usually either just normal attacks with Kiai, really weird physical stunts or Kamehameha
 * Goku eventually gets training and starts to use a more stylized form of Turtle School martial arts. He continues to use it throughout the series and it might be what gives him his edge against the later absurdly powerful Z enemies like Vegeta Freeza or Buu who more or less just throw their incredible power around and blast stuff.
 * Goku, and some of the others like to use the Can't Touch This variety against inferior opponents, especially when it helps them show that, well, their kung fu has gotten stronger.
 * In Kenichi: The Mightiest Disciple, this is played relatively straight with the Eight Fists, since they all have incredibly specific styles which are very suited to their personalities. The two foremost examples are Hermit, who uses a combination of Flynning and elegant, quick strikes, and Berserker, who, well, goes berserk on his opponents with dangerous techniques and little style.
 * Though it's never commented on, after a couple of episodes of Cowboy Bebop the way people fight tends to reflect their personality. Spike fights by using an opponent's strength against them, exerting as little effort as he possibly can. Tongu is utterly relentless, impossible to hit and always hitting where he intends. Andy is flashy, stupid, relies on fisticuffs, and most importantly utterly schools Spike. Applegheli wins fights simply by taking punches like a brick wall.

Real Life

 * In real life experienced fighters - bouncers, martial artists, cops, soldiers - can identify an opponent's training and likely actions based on a very small amount of information. At a very simple level a wrestler's pre-attack posture is very different from a boxer or kicker's. People with weapons often move to protect or deploy the weapon first.

Tabletop Games

 * Fading Suns allows the player character to specialise in martial arts. There are several kinds of 'em, and all of them are quite Troperrific: "quick, elegant strikes" (nobility favourite), two Combat Pragmatist styles (one for gritty mercenaries and the other for dark elf-like aliens), a fancy-schmancy flamboyant style (popular among most mystic and philosophical of noble houses), and so on. In fact, there's at least one for each of the patterns described above.
 * In the Dresden Files RPG there is a mortal stunt called Martial artist that allows you to identify an opponent's fighting style. Usually roleplaying covers which variety of fighting it is.

Video Games

 * In Ryu Ga Gotoku 4, each of the four main characters has their own style of fighting:
 * The flashy, flamboyant Akiyama fights mainly with kicks, and also has two additional ways to taunt an enemy, as well as being easily able to manipulate the battlefield to pull off his more acrobatic moves.
 * The Big Guy Saejima fights with brute strength, and his moves are based on setting up the opponent for a powerful hit.
 * The cop, Tanimura, uses a (storied up) version of the real life unarmed style used by the Japanese police; it focuses on taking the target down and out as quickly (and non-lethally, but certainly painfully) as possible.
 * The Jack of All Stats, Kiryu, has a mix of the other three's attacks, plus his own Komaki and Secret Sword moves.

Web Comics

 * In Axe Cop, Axe Cop can identify somebody's allegiance by their front kick.

Western Animation

 * In Avatar: The Last Airbender, as part of the Shown Their Work, everyone is this. A good example is Zuko, who begins the series using an extremely fierce but stiff and unrefined style, reflecting his anger and frustration, but grows softer and more controlled as he matures and starts to deal with his problems in a more constructive manner.
 * Similarly, Aang, who doesn't like hurting people, tries to avoid attacks until he can get in a hit that knocks his foe off balance or otherwise ends the fight without any damage.
 * Of course, each Bending style is based on (and blended with) a martial arts style.
 * Except it goes far beyond that. Zuko, Azula and Iroh all use the same style, but even someone without actual training can tell that they're extremely different. Zuko is very stiff and aggressive, Azula is ridiculously cool and precise, and Iroh is relaxed yet terrifyingly powerful.
 * It carries over to the philosophy of three different types of Shaolin Martial Arts masters: Zuko represents a master driven by anger and aggression in his attacks. He's formidable but his emotional style of fighting compromises himself against the malicious and calculating Azula, who represents a master with a precise and malicious intent to kill. She's stronger than the emotional Zuko because of her increased control and mastery of emotion. Iroh, however, represents a true master of his art, in control of his emotions but still using them to fuel his fighting because of his reaching of Enlightenment.
 * The above tradition continues in The Legend of Korra. The titular Avatar navigates an airbending training obstacle course with lots of energetic spinning. In comparison, Jinora's approach to the course is fairly clinical: she turns on a dime but keeps her upper body rigid.
 * In one episode of Batman: The Animated Series, a rival who once trained with Bruce Wayne is able to discover Batman's secret identity by watching him fight.