Zones of Thought

The Zones of Thought is a science-fiction setting created by Vernor Vinge.

In the Zones of Thought verse, the basic gimmick is that The Singularity is spread out sideways. In the Unthinking Depths near the core of the galaxy, no intelligence is possible; in the Slow Zone, where Earth is, Mundane Dogmatic rules apply; the Beyond allows soft SF tropes such as Faster-Than-Light Travel or Anti Gravity, and in the Transcend, everyone is Sufficiently Advanced. Thus, as you head out of the galaxy, you see the same progression of advancing technologies as you'd expect to see over time if our technology went through a Singularity. In the Slow Zone, Vinge posits that human technological advance reached an apex with the "Age of Failed Dreams", during which it was discovered that faster than light travel, immortality, strong AI, and a few other things are impossible.

A Deepness in the Sky takes place in the Slow Zone, next to a very peculiar star. Humanity ignored it for centuries, until possible alien radio signals prompt two nearby cultures to each send a fleet of ships: the Qeng Ho, part of a group of interstellar traders, and the Emergents, an enigmatic civilization that has suddenly raised their technology to high levels.

A Fire upon the Deep, which was written first, mostly takes place in the Beyond. A human expedition to the Transcend releases the Blight, a malign artificial intelligence which has been dormant for five billion years. The only survivors of the expedition are one family, who flee to a backwater world, where both parents are immediately killed and the children sucked into the power struggles of the medieval-level alien natives. Meanwhile, the Blight is rampaging across the galaxy, so a second expedition is sent in search of the children, on the off-chance that their parents might also have found a counter-measure.

The Children of the Sky, a sequel to A Fire Upon the Deep, came out in October 2011.

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 * Affectionate Parody: Of UseNet, in the otherwise serious A Fire Upon the Deep.
 * Alternate Number System: The Tines have two different number systems: one where they count "by legs" (in base 4) and one where they count "by fore-claws" (in base 10). Confusion between these two systems leads to the accidental meeting of two of the major characters in A Fire Upon the Deep. Amdiranifani is housed in room 33, Jefri is supposed to be imprisoned in room 15 (33 in base 4), and the guard who's taking him there uses the wrong numbering system.
 * Anyone Can Die: Named characters fall like flies.
 * Apocalypse How: A Fire Upon the Deep features a mind-boggling amount of death and destruction.
 * Ancient Conspiracy: A Fire Upon the Deep contains an extremely dormant trap set up by the Blight the last time it was active, billions of years ago.
 * Badass Grandpa: Pham Nuwen
 * Batman Gambit: A Deepness in the Sky has
 * Big Brother Is Watching: In A Deepness in the Sky,.
 * Bittersweet Ending:
 * A Fire Upon the Deep, as described above at "Apocalypse How".
 * A Deepness in the Sky, arguably only if you've already read A Fire Upon the Deep.
 * Brain-Computer Interface: Such interfaces are noted in passing in A Fire Upon The Deep. They don't work very well below the High Beyond, but their users still don't like taking them off.
 * Break the Cutie: Qiwi in A Deepness in the Sky... oh, where do we start?
 * She spends 5 or 6 years aboard a starship, isolated from her peers with only a low-population skeleton crew for company. Of course, Qiwi and her parents find this a fun learning experience.
 * Later,
 * So many other things.
 * The Chessmaster:
 * In A Deepness in the Sky, Pham Nuwen and Tomas Nau.
 * In A Fire Upon the Deep, Flenser. (Probably The Woodcarver, too; Flenser was her student originally.)
 * Consummate Liar: Tomas Nau. The old Flenser once was this too, noting, that his previous self could have convinced a fish to swim right into his mouth, but during the story he's no longer able to maintain his facade consistently, thanks to Tyrathect's influence.
 * The Cuckoolander Was Right: In A Fire Upon the Deep, there's a galaxy-spanning UseNet-like network where various aliens discuss the crisis, from a number of different perspectives. One particular alien, "Twirlip of the Mists", is talking through several layers of auto-translation software on an extremely low-bandwidth connection, so most of what it says sounds rather bizarre. It's pretty much all exactly right, though, including such apparent nonsense as "hexapodia is the key insight".
 * Crazy Prepared: Pham Nuwen in A Deepness in the Sky. For centuries he has been collecting the most advanced technologies from around the galaxy for his own personal arsenal of tricks. He put secrets into the standard design and equipment of Queng Ho ships that nobody else knows about, and which have layers of innocuous disguises.
 * Deceptive Disciple: Flenser was Woodcarver's offspring/creation and most brilliant disciple, until the nature of his experiments was revealed. Some characters  even call out Woodcarver for creating such a monster and then just letting him go.
 * Dramatic Irony: The end of A Deepness in the Sky. Such dramatic irony.
 * Dying Like Animals: Reactions to The Blight in A Fire upon the Deep mostly fall into various types of this - most of the Beyond civilizations are either Ostriches or Mice, depending on their proximity to The Blight's domain (granted, this is somewhat excusable, when the threat is a malevolent Physical God among gods and there is almost nothing you can do anyway),, and Aprahanti are nothing but Weasels.
 * Earthshattering Kaboom: Wars in Beyond are fought with antimatter bombs and relativistic-speed kinetic projectiles, so these do happen.
 * Eldritch Abomination: The Straumli Perversion from A Fire Upon the Deep
 * Emperor Scientist: Woodcarver is a benevolent version, his/her former disciple Flenser is a malevolent one.
 * Enforced Technology Levels: Within the lower Zones.
 * Enigmatic Empowering Entity: Old One from A Fire Upon the Deep
 * Evilutionary Biologist: Flenser, sort of. The science on his world isn't nearly advanced enough to provide knowledge of genetics, but unique physiology of his race and complete lack of anything resembling morals or empathy allowed him to get really, uh, creative with literally constructing his subjects to his specifications.
 * Fantastic Racism: Both of the main villains in The Children of the Sky are racist
 * Fate Worse Than Death: Being controlled by the Blight . The victims remain fully conscious, but have absolutely no ability to resist, and can only watch as the digital Eldritch Abomination uses their bodies and minds as its eyes and hands.
 * Faux Affably Evil: Tomas Nau and particularly Flenser. In fact, master villains can be distinguished by ability to be charming and polite up to the moment Cold-Blooded Torture starts, and maybe even after, while inferior underlings and pretenders have trouble hiding their true nature.
 * Fighting From the Inside: A rare villainous example. Flenser struggles to suppress personality traits of Tyrathect and take complete control over their Hive Mind.
 * Gambit Pileup: In A Deepness in the Sky,
 * Giant Spider: A Deepness in the Sky features a whole race of them, and they love humans. (Specifically, they think humans are absolutely adorable. Our big, googly eyes remind them of their own children.)
 * Good Is Not Dumb: Woodcarver, Ravna Bergsndot, Sherkaner Underhill... in fact, good damn well should not dumb to prevail in this universe.
 * Have You Told Anyone Else?: In A Fire Upon the Deep, when.
 * Heel Face Turn: . A number of lower-caste Emergents might count, although they weren't really evil (rather than brainwashed and manipulated) to begin with.
 * Hidden in Plain Sight: Both Zone books.
 * Hive Mind: A whole species consisting of micro-Hive Minds in A Fire Upon the Deep. The Tropical Choir in The Children of the Sky is an enormous, but very scatterbrained example.
 * How Do I Shot Web?: Pham in A Deepness in the Sky.
 * Human Popsicle: Used by the Qeng Ho in A Deepness in the Sky, so they can survive the several century long voyages on their ramscoop ships.
 * Humans Through Alien Eyes: A large part of A Fire Upon the Deep is dedicated to this. Even though the human refugees ran into probably the most brilliant and scientific-minded Tines on the planet, the latter had serious problems figuring how these "alien creatures" tick.
 * Infant Immortality: Averted.
 * Insignificant Little Blue Planet: A Fire Upon the Deep and to a lesser extent its prequel
 * It's All About Me: The true core of Emergents' ruling caste approach to life, as explained by Tomas Nau, but relentless, single-minded selfishness is probably the most defining trait of Vinge's villains in general.
 * Kill'Em All: Entire star systems at a time
 * Laser-Guided Amnesia: Very guided. In both Zone of Thought books.
 * Macross Missile Massacre: Seems to be the favorite form of combat in Beyond, from handguns that fire seemingly endless amounts of guided missiles, to swarms of jump-capable smart missiles in starship battles.
 * Mind Control: Both Zones of Thought books
 * Morality Pet: There were hints in A Fire Upon the Deep that, the sequel confirms it.
 * Noodle Incident: Pham Nuwen is a living, unusually bleak example of this trope, after his In addition, there are many references to his single-handedly ending a civilization-ending pogrom in a matriachal civilization (Strentmannian) with a single warship. Exactly how he accomplishes this is never explained, other then dark innuendo about atrocities committed.
 * Obfuscating Stupidity: Pham Nuwen
 * Old Master: Pham Nuwen in A Deepness in the Sky.
 * Perfectly Cromulent Word: Sees passing use in A Fire Upon the Deep
 * Physical God: Any Power from A Fire Upon the Deep. "Applied Theology" is one of the most important scientific disciplines in the Beyond.
 * Properly Paranoid. In A Deepness In The Sky:
 * Puppy Dog Eyes:
 * In A Fire Upon the Deep, there is a race of beautiful butterfly-people with huge shining eyes.
 * In A Deepness in the Sky,, and they think it's unspeakably cute.
 * Really Seven Hundred Years Old
 * In A Deepness in the Sky, the effects of relativity, advanced medicine and prosthetics allows people to live hundreds or thousands of years. Pham Nuwen, constantly travelling, is possibly the oldest of the Qeng Ho, living hundreds of years from his perspective and much, much longer from most other reference frames. That, and he shows up in A Fire Upon the Deep.
 * A Fire Upon the Deep plays this straight with humans and many species of aliens (in fact, failure to uphold this trope on a low-tech world becomes a major plot point in the sequel), but inverts with Powers, which rarely exist for more than ten years, before losing interest in maintaining contact or changing irrecognizably.
 * The Hive Mind nature of the Tines means that an individual can incorporate new members as old ones die off, maintaining a continuous consciousness for many times the lifespan of an individual. Although it's not given how long a member would live, Woodcarver is over 600 years old and has seen glaciers advance and retreat over his/her lifetime. It eventually extracts a terrible price, though, as the only way to maintain one's identity after enough years is inbreeding within one's own members.
 * Renaissance Man: Woodcarver excels in several form of fine arts and basically invented the scientific approach, revolutionizing much of Tines' culture. On top of that he/she is a competent politician and military leader, and apparently was a Badass warrior in his/her younger days. Pham Nuwen is a legendary trader, space navigator and politician, is very good at Slow Zone-level programming, and is as Badass as they come, particularly when not undermined by advanced age.
 * Rock Beats Laser: Massively averted in A Fire Upon the Deep, where one civilian with a high-tech sidearm nearly wipes out a whole regiment of troops with medieval weapons and is only killed when natives use a primitive flamethrower.
 * Sealed Evil in a Can: In A Fire Upon the Deep, the Blight/Straumli Perversion is a program inside a multi-billion year old archive, let loose by unwitting archaeologists.
 * Sliding Scale of Idealism Versus Cynicism: Ultimately, despite all the suffering and sacrifices, closer to the idealistic end of the scale.
 * Space Opera: A Fire Upon the Deep in particular has a large scale.
 * Starfish Aliens: At least one species in each book, with extensively thought-out biology and culture. Still weirder beings are hinted at in A Fire Upon the Deep. In a partial subversion of the common use of this trope, despite extreme differences in physical makeup, all encountered races can understand each other and coexist. Only hyperintelligent Powers are truly different, and even they are only hyperintelligent, not truly transcendent and ineffable.
 * Staying Alive:  Which might be far sooner than anyone's worst predictions.
 * Sufficiently Advanced Alien: Everyone in the Transcend.
 * The Slow Path: In A Deepness in the Sky, Thomas Nau spends no time in hibernation, so he ages faster than everyone else.
 * Tap on the Head: Completely averted in The Children of the Sky. The blow that knocks out  is treated completely realistically, with various debilitating aftereffects until she gets advanced medical treatment.
 * Translation Convention: The spider sections of A Deepness in the Sky are written by human researchers, using this.
 * Troll:  apparently channels his residual sadistic impulses by getting a rise out of people. He picks underlings with similar inclinations too.
 * Too Dumb to Live:  He dodges this trope at the very beginning, thanks to sheer luck, but it catches up with him the next time he tries to be useful. Played for tragedy, instead of humor
 * Villain with Good Publicity: Tomas Nau, the villain of A Deepness in the Sky.
 * The Virus: The Blight. It can overtake whole civilizations at lightning speed, by infecting and assimilating their computer systems. It also can overtake living beings and turn them into its meat puppets. Normally, this takes High Beyond technology, but in the Low Beyond, it custom-created a race billions of years ago that can be instantly subverted at any distance -
 * Well-Intentioned Extremist: Pham Nuwen, Woodcarver.
 * Wetware CPU: Focus in A Deepness in the Sky.
 * Xanatos Gambit: Pham Nuwen thinks that's what he's executing, but it's much more a Batman Gambit
 * Your Approval Fills Me with Shame: Pham is one of Tomas Nau's role-models.
 * Zero-G Spot: The problem of obtaining leverage during zero-g sex is mentioned in A Deepness In The Sky; also, one of the protagonists in A Fire Upon The Deep thinks that zero-g sex isn't what it's cracked up to be (again largely due to the difficulties of obtaining leverage safely).
 * Xanatos Gambit: Pham Nuwen thinks that's what he's executing, but it's much more a Batman Gambit
 * Your Approval Fills Me with Shame: Pham is one of Tomas Nau's role-models.
 * Zero-G Spot: The problem of obtaining leverage during zero-g sex is mentioned in A Deepness In The Sky; also, one of the protagonists in A Fire Upon The Deep thinks that zero-g sex isn't what it's cracked up to be (again largely due to the difficulties of obtaining leverage safely).