Obfuscating Stupidity/Literature

"that was Carrot at work. He could sound so innocent, so friendly, so...stupid, in a puppy-dog kind of way, and then he suddenly become this big block of steel and you walked right into it."
 * Fizban, a wizard in the original trilogy of Dragonlance books often casts spells wrong, is completely senile, and often poses a danger to himself and the heroes whenever they encounter him. Although he does take on a completely different (and scary) personality when angered AND rides a gold dragon, he puts up a particularly hare-brained Dumbledore facade so convincing it has even the reader fooled until near the end when it's revealed that he's actually.
 * The same character returns as "Zifnab" in The Death Gate Cycle by the same authors.
 * Well, almost the same character. He's actually old enough to remember our world, and deliberately acts out roles from stories familiar to the readers, and mentions many others. While the Fizban-performance is his main schtick, he's also fond of playing James Bond.
 * Also, while some of Zifnab's weirdness is of this variety, most of it seems to be genuine, while Fizban.
 * Speaking of Harry Potter's Dumbledore, he does this at times as well.
 * Technically it's more Obfuscating Inability to Speak English, but the fourth book has Fudge being forced to mime most of what he's saying when he's entertaining the Bulgarian Minister of Magic at the Quiddich World Cup. At the end of the game, the Bulgarian Minister comments in almost perfect English about how well his team played, much to Fudge's fury. The only explanation the Bulgarian Minister gives for the facade is that it "vos very funny".
 * The p-p-p-poor st-st-st-stuttering Professor Quirrell.
 * Ron Weasley was also fond of this trope particularly when it involved getting Hermione to do his homework, though to be fair, it was implied that he had a bit of trouble grasping the stuff for real sometimes.
 * Luna Lovegood, in a kind of sad and touching way. She's gotten so used to being teased that she often pretends like she doesn't notice. Though often she just flat-out...well, notices. Harry observes that she has a discomforting knack of telling the truth exactly how it is.
 * Lockhart does this to an extent. I mean, even though he did none of what he said he did, but he still managed to obliviate these AMAZING witches and wizards into forgetting what they did. That takes some serious talent and cleverness to even think up such a plot. Especially at the end of Chamber of Secrets. He may be an idiot, but he's not as big an idiot as he lets on...Although, this may just be an Alternate Character Interpretation.
 * Several characters in the Discworld series:
 * In Maskerade, Nanny Ogg is described as having "a mind like a buzz saw behind a face like an elderly apple". She may be the ultimate example of this trope, as her "genial old biddy" facade is so perfect that she's even got Granny Weatherwax fooled.
 * Speaking of Maskerade...
 * That one might be more a case of multiple personalities - one of which was genuinely stupid while the other was brilliant.
 * Speaking of Nanny Ogg, in Thief of Time she showed some of her real genius by keeping up with even Susan Sto Helit.
 * After Death is fired in Reaper Man, he moves out into the country where his unerring skill at darts earns him the dislike of the other villagers. He quickly uses his exceptional skill to play "badly" -- for example, bouncing the dart off a post and hitting the hat of the man behind him -- thus winning everyone over.
 * Arguably, Captain Carrot of the Ankh-Morpork City Watch. While usually portrayed as a genuinely uncomplicated character who takes everything at face value, it is observed that "someone has to be very complex indeed to be as simple as Carrot". You can almost see the transition of Captain Carrot from Crouching Moron, Hidden Badass to this trope in Men At Arms. He goes from a person unable to detect irony and having trouble with metaphors to reaching "agreements" with Vetinari and deception. Angua notes in Thud that

"But Rincewind in full flight had catlike, even messianic abilities. The water barely rippled under his feet as he bounced off the surface and headed away."
 * Course, the problems with subtleties of language is more due to his upbringing than any intention on his part, at least at first. He was raised by dwarves, and they think irony means "similar to iron."
 * A little more than arguably, really. For example, in Night Watch he manages to figure out that Commander Vimes has traveled through both time and space, scant seconds after being given a lot of very big words from a Ponder Stibbons, resident Rocket Wizard. This upsets Stibbons because he never expected someone who wasn't a wizard, much less a watchman, to catch on that quickly.
 * Even Moist Von Lipwig can't read him.
 * Although Rincewind really is an incompetent coward, some characters are convinced that he's faking it since he has survived multiple situations where, by all rights, he should be dead. If he saw it as something to do as a routine and not a survival tactic, his penchant for running would probably mean he'd get on well with the Archchancellor, who is quite fond of morning jogs.
 * Though he is revealed as a linguistic genius (in the novel Interesting Times), capable of begging for his life in languages that have only been shouted at him for a few minutes. Turned into a running gag by translating his grunts and shouts of pain into random-ish curses from various countries he's been run out of. Despite his penchant to run away from everything, he is still one of the most frequent survivors of the Discworld to date. In fact, he's so good at not-dying that, in The Colour of Magic,
 * It should also be mentioned that Rincewind is so good a staying alive that . Also, it is important to realize that one reason Rincewind survives is that.
 * It's worth reminding that Rincewind's survivability is so ingrained that even Death has no idea when he'll finally die. Rincewind's lifetimer looks like an hourglass made by a glassblower with hiccups, and sits on Death's desk as a curio.

""It is true that I can speak the exact, the idiomatic English. But, my friend, to speak the broken English is an enormous asset. It leads people to despise you. They say - a foreigner - he can't even speak English properly. It is not my policy to terrify people - instead, I invite their gentle ridicule. Also I boast! An Englishman he says often, 'A fellow who thinks as much of himself as that cannot be worth much.' That is the English point of view. It is not at all true. And so, you see, I put people off their guard.""
 * Detritus the troll. His basic reasoning may be tied to the ambient temperature (trolls, having silicon-based brains, run hot away from their mountain homes) that puts him squarely in Crouching Moron, Hidden Badass in low temps but he has developed more than a little guile over the course of several books. So much guile that he has been known to remind people of the stereotypes they are supposed to expect from him: No worry I are just der big dumb troll nevermind dis here notepad I am just countin' ma toes.
 * Ankh-Morpok's most famous "Legitimate Businessman", Chrysophrase, is also smarter than your average troll, and while he does show off this fact, he has been known to disguise just how much smarter he is, such as intentionally using Hulk Speak when he's fully capable of speaking normally. According to Vimes, he's managed to outthink and outmaneuver all of Ankh-Morpork's native crime lords even when not sitting in a pile of snow.
 * Camels are the most intelligent creatures on the Disc, or at least the most gifted mathematicians (long desert travel being good for producing such), and smart enough to not show it to humans. How do you think they can spit so accurately?
 * Lu Tze, aka "The Sweeper", a superlatively multi-talented member of the Monks of History who goes everywhere and sees everything as an apparently brainless old floor sweeper. He makes a blink-and-you'll-miss-it cameo in several books, in places where something big is about to go down (such as the Temple of Offler in Going Postal).
 * For someone who is loud and boisterous, oblivious and thick as a brick, Mustrum Ridcully is a remarkably skilled wizard who somehow manages to make Unseen University run despite keeping wizards under control being akin to herding cats. It has been noted several times by other characters (and the narrator) that he has managed to be the head wizard of a place where killing your boss in order to get a promotion is socially acceptable for a very long time (almost the entire series). In many cases he seems to let other people think out loud for him while he works out the solution and is frequently Crazy Prepared. Also his personality radically shifts to a quiet, polite and mature gentleman wizard when he gets to spend personal time with Granny Weatherwax.
 * He manages to point out in The Last Continent, which show that under all that obfuscation there is indeed a powerful intellect.
 * Otto Chriek, the vampire photographer, plays the Funny Foreigner aspect of stereotypical Uberwaldian vampires to the hilt in order to make humans forget the fact that, if so inclined, he could easily rip them limb from limb.
 * Lord Vetinari's razor-sharp mind is known and feared throughout Ankh-Morpork of course, but it's still possible for him to feign ignorance of specific subjects to catch people off-guard; for instance business practices in Going Postal.
 * Preston, one of the Baron's guards in I Shall Wear Midnight, spends the first half of the book as a Malaproper who does things like confusing "doctrine" with "doctoring", before the mask comes off; it turns out that he actually collects words, reads about metaphysics in his spare time, and became a guard after being kicked out of the priesthood for asking too many questions like, "Is this really true, or what?"
 * Jingo, has 71-Hour Achmed, the head policeman of Klatch, who acts like a Funny Foreigner in two places. In Ankh-Morpork, he acts absurdly stereotypically Klatchian. In Klatch, he adopts some Ankh-Morpork language and mannerisms he picked up while studying at the Assassins' Guild.
 * Granny Weatherwax adopts this trait when playing poker with the riverboat gamblers in Witches Abroad.
 * It's also Sam Vimes' favorite method of dealing with Vetinari when something is going on that he doesn't want the Patrician to find out about just yet. Vetinari finally snaps about it in Discworld/Jingo: "Vimes, if you say 'Sir?' in that stupid voice one more time, there are going to be serious repercussions''."
 * Agatha Christie's Hercule Poirot frequently represents himself to suspects as a vain, obsessive-compulsive, language-mangling Belgian emigre -- a more outlandish version of himself, in other words -- in order to give them a false sense of superiority over him.

""Don't look at me. I'm a drunken, chemical-besotted playboy who does nothing but cavort, sleep, and feed. And even if I had the mind to take a bit of vengeance on the Red Court, I wouldn't have the backbone to actually stand up to anyone." He flashed me a radiant smile. "I'm totally harmless.""
 * Captain Hasting is not this trope, but he discovered a significant clue in “The Great Four” and Poirot presented him as this trope to british spies. They were impressed with Hasting’s “act”.
 * At “Problem at Mesopotamia”, there is a british guy has an out ot focuos gaze, relaxed facial muscles, and always look sad, and is rumored he drinks heavily. If you are observant, when you go to his office you will notice the door fits perfectly in its frame, and that he adopts an alert posture… fitting to the head of the british secret service.
 * Miss Marple, also in Agatha Christie's books, passes as a doddering old lady, but has a mind like a razor--or, as one police official put it, "like a bacon slicer".
 * Gerda Christow in Christie's The Hollow is rather slow-minded, but realized that life is much easier if she pretends to be dumber than she is, because nobody expects anything for her.
 * Sticking with Golden Age detectives, Dorothy L. Sayers' Lord Peter Wimsey does "a perfect imitation of the silly-ass-about-town". It's a sign that he's either "bored or detecting something."
 * He gets it from his mother, the Dowager Duchess of Denver, who uses reams of piffle to hide her intelligence from everyone, including herself. Check out how she figures out that in Clouds of Witness.
 * Another variation has the character introduced as insane ("mad") until they're revealed in the climax, either as a hidden MacGuffin, or a Deus Ex Machina. Tad Williams' novel Tailchaser's Song does this to great effect. Less skilled authors may make the "mad" character so annoying that nobody cares during The Reveal.
 * Orr from Catch-22 is portrayed as one of the crazier members of the 256th Squadron, who becomes far more proficient at crashing the airplanes he flies than actually flying them, until it's revealed that.
 * In Funeral in Berlin the English spy, No Name Given, appears to be not very bright, at least to amateurs. When the assistant to Colonel Stok (a professional Soviet spy) mentions this, Stok tells him that is the height of professionalism.
 * Simon Mead and Hugh Pierce in the Selena Mead stories both do this.
 * Ward of Hurog, protagonist of Patricia Briggs' Hurog Duology, started feigning brain damage as a young boy to protect himself from his abusive father. As Ward is officially next in line for his father's title, his apparent incompetence becomes something of an obstacle later on.
 * In Loretta Chase's romance novel Mr. Impossible, Loveable Rogue Rupert Carsington loves acting like a "great dumb ox" around the intelligent heroine Daphne, and frequently makes outrageously stupid comments just to enjoy the sight of her in a temper or, in more serious situations, to prevent her from crying or fainting by focusing her energy on rebuking him.
 * Hendricks, in The Dresden Files. Made clear in "Small Favor", though many fans suspected him as far back as "Storm Front".
 * Also, Thomas the White Court vampire:

""Lesson number--what is it, now?--eight, I think. A reputation for being a drunk can keep you out of as much trouble as being one gets you into." [Usher] padded to his couch and sunk into it. "I've got a high capacity for alcohol, but I don't drink anywhere near as much as people think.""
 * Based on a couple comments by Lara Raith in Blood Rites that White Court vamps do this all the time.
 * Lara and the Gatekeeper have both remarked on this in regards to Harry himself. The Gatekeeper even told Harry "I can't decide if you are the greatest liar I have ever met, or truly as ignorant as you seem". Furthermore, whenever Lara appears in one of the books, she inevitably gets used by Harry all while thinking that she was the one using him (at least until the end of the book when she will realize that Harry beat her at her own game, and then congratulates him for it).
 * The Winter Lady Maeve pretends to be much more of a psychotic magical diletante than she actualy is.
 * Jim Butcher is fond of this one: Fade, in his Codex Alera, fits perfectly as well: he appears to be merely Tavi's simpleton slave, who follows him around but doesn't do much. After that scene, he goes back to being merely Fade, the simpleton slave; only Tavi knows otherwise.
 * Jim Butcher is VERY fond of this one: In the Spider-Man novel he wrote "The Darkest Hours", Rhino, who has a normal level of intelligence, pretends to be dumber than he is so the rest of Spidey's villains, many of whom are of genius level intelligence, will underestimate him.
 * Sun Kai, in the Temeraire series, uses a form of Obfuscating Stupidity to trick the main characters into ignoring him when he's in their presence.
 * Lou Ford, the narrator of Jim Thompson's The Killer Inside Me, comes off as a cornball country bumpkin sheriff with a penchant for faux-philosophical musings ("The child is father to the man") and not an ounce of insincerity in him. He's actually fluent in at least three languages, has virtually memorized his late father's extensive library of scientific and historical literature, does academic-level math problems for fun and annoys people with the hayseed act mostly as an outlet for his psychopathic sadism (the novel soon provides him with a better one).
 * Jupiter Jones from The Three Investigators is the smartest person in the group, but because he is a former child actor and a little plump, he can act unintelligent in order to disarm people and get information from them that he wouldn't get otherwise.
 * The classic example of The Scarlet Pimpernel. The Pimpernel's public identity of Sir Percy Blakeney is a total fop (which even his wife believes to be his real self) -- a facade to misdirect suspicion that he might be the hero who rescues French aristocrats from the guillotine.
 * Admiral Lester "Cowboy" Tourville from Honor Harrington series affected a persona of a brash, loud, and apparently apolitical, well, cowboy, that helped him survive several rounds of State Sec purges in the notoriously unfair Havenite Navy. All that despite being a brilliant tactician and rather ambitious person (the prime targets of said purges), who had a significant role in the plot that overthrew Saint-Just regime. He still acts it now, but mostly out of habit.
 * Obfuscating drunkenness is part of Kevin Usher's defense against the aforementioned State Sec.

"...it was not that he ran screaming when the loaded subjects arose; that would attract too much attention. Saunter off slowly, that's the ticket."
 * The Ender's Shadow series, the quartet spinoff of Orson Scott Card's Ender's Game, features layers upon layers of geniuses allowing themselves to be underestimated, even by other geniuses who should have known better. The best example would have to be To his credit, he's humbled by this when he realizes how obvious it should have been, had he not been so self-absorbed.
 * This even applies to whole nations, especially when counseled by former military child geniuses. Topping them all might have to be the old USA, which wasn't just a wishy-washy loudmouthed former worldpower in the pocket of China's massive economy, as everybody believed..
 * This tactic was sometimes employed to great effect by Sherlock Holmes (most successfully in The Adventure of the Reigate Squires).
 * Emperor Sarabian of David Eddings' Tamuli: the entire court in Matherion was convinced he was either an utter dolt, a harmless fop, or a simple fool easily distracted by his silly hobbies. He reveals the truth to Ehlana, Sparhawk, and the others, and eventually proceeds to overthrow his own government, take proper control of the empire, single-handedly remove all the corrupt courtiers involved in a failed coup, and become a wise and effective ruler. And he has such a delightful time doing it.
 * In the same series, Melidere, one of Queen Ehlana's ladies-in-waiting, is smarter than most people, but masks it under the appearance of a Dumb Blonde.
 * Also Kalten - a knight completely inept at magic with a rather stupid looking face often dismissed as at best uncomplicated has a Crowning Moment of Awesome when undercover in the enemy base, he recognises his imprisoned love's singing coming from a high window, whistles a counterpoint to let her know he's recognised her then strikes up a conversation with the guard and slips in enough hints to let her know exactly which of the other knights are there too.
 * Simon Templar, The Saint, often uses this technique. He pretends to be a wealthy foppish sucker, and an easy mark for confidence tricksters. He then turns the trick around, and persuades them to give money to him.
 * Lee is the smartest character in East of Eden, but practices the pidgin Chinese and servant position expected of him. When questioned about this, he answers that the servant position gives him safety and power (he runs the house). Although he was born and raised in San Francisco, and well educated, he speaks pidgin English, because most white people expected it, and wouldn't understand him if he spoke correctly.
 * In The Destroyer, Remo is stupid, but this trope applies since he could kill you a hundred different ways, despite looking like a weakling.
 * The reader is told on the first page that Fyodor Karamazov is muddleheaded, and yet was extremely shrewd. Later on, the reader can see this for himself.
 * Despite his nickname, Ivan "You Idiot" Vorpatril from Bujold's various Miles Vorkosigan books is rather brighter than average (although probably not as bright as his aforementioned cousin). He is also somewhat lazy, distinctly unambitious, and widely regarded as being a few heartbeats from the throne of Barrayar; the latter of which makes him rather loathe to seem more than an idle cad of marginal competence. He habitually avoids any heroics he can unless he is blatantly a lackey bullied into assisting more overbearing/proactive sorts, and as for politics....

"Suddenly the diffident and marginally competent Major Tierce who'd served as his military aide for eight months was gone. In his place stood a warrior. Disra had once heard it said that a discerning person could always recognize an Imperial stormtrooper or Royal Guard, whether he stood before you in full armor or lay dying on a sickbed. He'd always discounted such things as childish myths. He wouldn't make that mistake again."
 * He's definitely on the par with his cousin, It Runs in The Family, after all. There's not a single person in Vorkosigan/Vorpatril(/Vorbarra) clan who isn't a genius, including their spouses from outside of The Clan. Batshit crazy -- as much as you wish, especially on the Vorbarra side. Stupid, or even just ordinary -- never.
 * And Miles has been put onto the right track by his "idiot cousin" asking the right "stupid question" at the right time a little too often for it to be entirely a coincidence.
 * In the Star Wars Expanded Universe, an early book, The Courtship of Princess Leia, introduced and killed villain of the book Warlord Zsinj, a hammishly over-the-top fat egocentric idiot who somehow happened to command a large fleet. Books in the X Wing Series, written later but set before, Retcon him into being much more competent and deliberately putting on a faintly absurd act, knowing that most of the people he was around could see through it and would be a bit confused. It's effective enough that he was the first character considered dangerous enough for The Alliance and The Empire to work together against.
 * Meanwhile, in the Hand of Thrawn duology, Moff Disra had a very bland military aide, Major Grodin Tierce. Disra, looking up his aide's records, found that he was actually a Royal Guard - that is, the best of the best, a really good fighter - confronted Tierce about it, and...well. As part of a Big Bad Duumvirate, Tierce dropped the clueless act, letting people see him as a dangerous fighter, but whenever Pellaeon was around he took it up again.

"Pollio: Do you want to live a long and busy life, with honor at the end of it?
 * For that matter, the third member of the triumvirate had it pretty much in reverse. He could pull off a Thrawn impersonation to the point of having Thrawn's powerful, regal air, but his tactical knowledge was that of a con artist. When only the other members of the triumvirate are around he drops it.
 * Survivor's Quest has the slavetaking nomadic  passing themselves off as Geroons, one of the people they took as slaves. As Geroons they fawn all over the Chiss and the Jedi and act like harmless cowards. But the Chiss know what they really are, and with the Jedi's help Out-Gambitted them handily by the end of the book.
 * , the real Big Bad of the New Jedi Order books, uses a variant of this. He pretends not so much to be stupid as to be insane in ways that make him annoying but harmless, when in fact he's insane in ways that are anything but.
 * In the beginning of Legacy of the Force, you'd think that Wedge Antilles couldn't pull this trope off. But he does - he's been retired twice now and is in his sixties spending all his time with his family and writing his memoirs, so he couldn't be too much trouble, right? It doesn't take long before the act, if it was an act, is dropped.
 * I, Claudius:

Claudius: Yes.

Pollio: Then exaggerate your limp, stammer deliberately, sham sickness frequently, let your wits wander, jerk your head and twitch with your hands on all public or semi-public occasions. If you could see as much as I see, you would know that this was your only hope of eventual glory."

""One of the major difficulties Trillian experienced in her relationship with Zaphod was learning to distiguish between him pretending to be stupid just to get people off their guard, pretending to be stupid because he couldn't be bothered to think and wanted somebody else to do it for him, pretending to be outrageously stupid to hide the fact that he actually didn't understand what was going on, and really being genuinely stupid.""
 * In Crime and Punishment, detective Porfiry pretends to be a dumb clown. He isn't.
 * The Malazan Book of the Fallen Verse by Steven Erikson and Ian Cameron Esslemont is full of these characters. Notable examples are Kruppe, Tehol Beddict and Bugg,  . Possibly also Iskaral Pust, although he might just be genuinely mad.
 * In Raymond E. Feist's The Riftwar Cycle, there are several characters who fit this trope, namely Nakor, who nearly every single character he encounters makes a comment about him being "more than he appears." He comes off as a doddering old fool at times, a conniving gamblers at others, and one of the at others, but is so clearly fighting for the side of good that nobody ever questions him in the least bit.
 * In The Elegance of the Hedgehog by Muriel Barbery two of the three main characters, a very precocious 12 year old girl and a middle aged, also brilliant, concierge are both hiding their abilities. The third main character is the catalyst that brings them to each others' attention, and helps them accept their gifts.
 * Genji in Cloud of Sparrows acts like a wastrel lord who only cares for women and sake, and goes to view cranes just after the British navy bombards his Edo residence. Turns out he knew (almost) exactly what Kawakami was planning and who was intending to betray him.
 * It's disputed, whether the titular protagonist of The Good Soldier Švejk uses this, or he's just stupid.
 * The Seventh Tower has Ebbitt, who is believed by everyone to be insane (and he very well might be), but who also has some of the most extensive and accurate knowledge of the Chosen, their Castle, and light magic in existence. He mentions in passing that he once "chatted" with the Codex of the Chosen (a magical encyclopedia, essentially), which may explain where all his knowledge came from.
 * In Dune, Count Hasimir Fenring definitely counts as one of those. 'Umm-ah-hm-mm-mm', indeed! (He completely loses the affect/speech impediment when in private conversation about the Emperor's orders with the Baron.)
 * It should be noted that in other books he does this on purpose, both to annoy people around him and to communicate secretly with his wife, who is a Bene Gesserit.
 * The baron also describes him as "a killer with the manners of a rabbit...the most dangerous kind."
 * It is revealed in Heretics of Dune that the Tleilaxu have been doing this for thousands and thousands of years simply waiting for the right moment to ascend to power.
 * In Redwall, Matthias tricks the sparrows into believing he isn't a threat by pretending to be insane. King Bull Sparra does the same by pretending to be moronic.
 * Another bunch of rodents takes this trope even further in Mrs. Frisby and the Rats of NIMH, when the sapient rats convert their Elaborate Underground Base into a replica of a normal rat burrow, destroying all evidence of their civilized lifestyle, to throw their creators from the National Institutes of Mental Health off their trail.
 * On Zaphod Beeblebrox, from The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy:

""He attacked everything in life with a mix of extraordinary genius and naive incompetence, and it was often difficult to tell which was which.""
 * or:


 * Artemis Fowl manages to rob one of the most secure banks in Europe by pretending to be a snotty teenager.
 * Subverted in that everyone already knows Artemis is a genius, but according to one quote he never lets anyone know exactly how intelligent he is because they would be too scared.
 * In the two-volume Mordant's Need series by Stephen R. Donaldson, the hero King Joyce apparently became senile shortly after having done the usual saving the kingdom/world fantasy hero thing, and everyone keeps remarking that if he were his old self, he'd surely be able to come up with a way to deal with the mess they find themselves in today. (Yes, he's faking it; it wouldn't be listed here if he weren't.)
 * In The Heritage of Shannara segment of the Shannara metaseries, it is revealed that Cogline, the crazy old man first introduced in the original trilogy, is actually an extremely long-lived ex-Druid and a master of the old sciences who was only faking insanity for the sake of his own survival. Apparently he almost actually did go mad, but somehow stayed sane, and later became Walker Boh's mentor a close friend.
 * Employed by the American Indian narrator of One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, who, while legitimately crazy, isn't the deaf mute that everyone thinks he is.
 * In the Judge Dee novel The Chinese Gold Murders, one character is a scribe who is known as Brilliant but Lazy- he is finance savvy, but is also a drunkard and is given to reciting poetry at any opportunity and seems like Plucky Comic Relief. However, circumstances soon appear which presents him as a Diabolical Mastermind.
 * In Stephen King's The Dark Tower series, Eddie Dean starts off this way because of his crippling self doubt and a lifetime of making himself intentionally stupid/weak in order to protect his big brother's ego.
 * Prince Nahrmahn of Emerald in David Weber's Safehold series is known to be far more intelligent than he allows himself to be credited for.
 * The Westing Game has several:
 * Otis Amber, the 62-year-old delivery boy with definite Cloudcuckoolander tendencies, is really, though not all of his giddiness is an act.
 * When Justice J.J. Ford and Florence Baumbach have lunch together, it's mentioned that Ford deliberately would pretend not to know about the tuxedo and dress shops Mrs. Baumbach was talking about, "to keep the witness talking". She really didn't know, but would have pretended not to anyway.
 * The real surprise is that.
 * are an entire species made of this trope in The Damned Trilogy by Alan Dean Foster.
 * G. K. Chesterton's Father Brown has a tendency to stumble around acting dimwitted or like a Cloudcuckoolander (or, in The Blue Cross, simply acting memorably erratic - a tactic to get an inspector to follow him to the criminal) before suddenly whipping out the solution to the case. (Chesterton was making the point that, while many people think of priests as sheltered naifs, that's the one thing an experienced priest can't possibly be - he's heard more people confessing to evil thoughts and deeds than any dozen detectives.)
 * Verin Mathwin from The Wheel of Time certainly qualifies as using this. Using her membership as a Brown Ajah, she hides her identity as a brilliant, centuries old mage. Not only is she, but she is so good at hiding this very fact.
 * Mat plays this tropes straight for the first three books or so, then tries to invoke it every chance he get.
 * Eugenides in the Queen's Thief series plays this differently in every book, fooling the reader for almost the entirety of the first book, and then proceeding to fool people who really, really should know better.
 * In The Kennel Murder Case, Liang tries to pull this off with his "can barely speak English" act, and it's implied that he succeeded as far as the Coe household went. Philo Vance saw through the act immediately -- Liang was educated at Oxford.
 * Sasha, the main character's manservant in The Death of the Vazir Mukhtar. His master eventually begins to realize that Sasha is rather more clever than he is letting on. It doesn't help that Sasha is also an example of Feigning Intelligence - badly.
 * In the Deverry series, Salamander, who prattles endlessly and travels as a common gerthddyn (roaming bard) to conceal the fact that he's a sorceror; lampshaded by Gwin in the 4th book.
 * Cameron "Spammy" Scott, from Christopher Brookmyre's Country of the Blind (and others, but most prominently this one) is drug-addled, awkward and more than a little slow. Apparently. But he is also quite intelligent, good with technology, and a very, very good hand-to-hand fighter.
 * Dolphus Raymond in To Kill a Mockingbird channels this, carrying around a bottle of what everyone thinks is whiskey in a brown paper bag (it's actually Coca Cola) and drinking from it. People use alcoholism to justify his "strange" behavior (being a white man married to a black woman in Alabama in the early 20th century).
 * In The Culture, two of the characters qualify as this, and in both cases, they are doing so to fool both The Empire of Azad and the protagonist, who is basically an Unwitting Pawn being used by Special Circumstances to accomplish the Culture's goals. The Drone accompanying the protagonist initially comes across as bumbling and rather insufferable, but when things get difficult, starts seeming a lot more on the ball . There's also Zu, the representative of the Culture in Azad. He comes across as a hedonistic slacker who prefers to party and chase local women. However, he later reveals Hidden Depths and discusses having to have all of his sophisticated Culture implants removed and being under terrible scrutiny. This seems to actually be just a lie to motivate the protagonist to win- he's actually a Badass mercenary hired by The Culture.
 * In Robert E. Howard's "The Pool of the Black Ones", Conan the Barbarian realizes that he had accidentally triggered it; his foes probably thought they were herding him into a corner, and that he was stupid. So he takes full advantage of it, nothing being better than being underestimated.
 * Sir Miles of the Tortall Universe is a mild case. People respect him and know he is wise, but that doesn't stop him from being the court's drunk. Which allows him to see and hear a lot more than most people.
 * Thom was probably the best example. He fooled all his teachers for years until he stopped pretending to be dumb and passed the highest exam to become a sorcerer.
 * The wizard Farmer Cape from the Beka Cooper books does this as well. In fact he seems to have two layers of deception. He acts the part of the country bumpkin around those he knows are enemies, then, when he's around people he thinks he might be able to trust, he drops it for a goofball persona that is a good deal smarter, but still obscures his true genius and Crazy Prepared nature.
 * Lucretia in Bystander acts like an Attention Whore in order to convince people that she's a vapid idiot beneath notice.
 * Her entire Batman Gambit in the last act is made of this:
 * Oona in Kiki Strike acts like she can't speak English to get stock and business tips at her nail salon and instructs her workers to do the same.
 * Will from His Dark Materials, it is mentioned that he is skilled in looking dull, simple and uninteresting in order to avoid drawing attention (he had to learn that in order to protect his mentally ill mother), when he attempts this in front of Iorek Byrnison the latter is not fooled, since the members of his race are Living Lie Detectors.
 * in Krabat.
 * Two examples in The Hunger Games:
 * First, Haymitch started out as a drunken embarrassment on live television, but the minute Peeta and Katniss show they have an ounce of fight in them, it's like flipping a switch.
 * Second, Johanna Mason's entire strategy during her initial Hunger Game was playing a slightly stupid weakling, only for her opponents to find out differently in their last moments.
 * In Mogworld, acts stupid so that.
 * Not entirely stupidity, but more lack of guile as well as lack of physical capability: In L. B. Graham's The Binding of the Blade series, mysterious recurring character Synoki spends four books acting like a crippled, guileless peasant, tramping rather uselessly around with the heroes, before it's revealed in the last book that he's actually
 * Typical exegesis holds God in The Bible to be using Obfuscating Stupidity most of the time he deals with humans, explaining why he seems more like a small-g god in early books compared to the majestic Supreme Being of the prophets, Isaiah in particular, and of the New Testament.
 * In Gene Stratton Porter's Freckles, when Angel stumbles on the villains who are stealing valuable timber and holding Freckles prisoner, intending to kill him, she acts incapable of understanding and as if fascinated by the chief villain.
 * Played with in Margaret Atwood's short story "Bluebeard's Egg". The protagonist, Sally, spends the whole story fondly mulling over her husband's incredible stupidity, until she finds out two pages from the end that he's and wonders if he's actually scintillatingly intelligent and has spent his whole life playing cruel games with not only her but his previous wives.
 * May Welland of the The Age of Innocence, who acts like a vapid, clueless, superficial socialite. But as the story progresses, it's hinted that she suspects the relationship between her husband and her cousin, and it's confirmed both with the Batman Gambit that she pulls to get rid of the interloper, and 20-something years later, after she's passed away, when her son reveals to his father that she had confided in him.
 * The Klingon Grodak in Star Trek Seven Deadly Sins. It leads to protagonist Toqel (a Romulan politician) severely underestimating him and the Klingons in general, with troubling results for the Romulans and fatal ones for Toqel. Grodak was relying on Toqel's Romulan pride and arrogance to blind her to his games.
 * The Klingons tend to pull this trope quite often in the Star Trek Novel Verse, their enthusiastic bluster, casual violence and fondness for drink disguising the fact that they're every bit as capable of cunning manipulation as any other race; indeed, they're actually extremely political, for all their talk of "warrior's honour". Another Klingon character who illustrates the trope perfectly is General Khegh from Star Trek Titan.
 * In The Exorcist, it's Lt. Kinderman. He calls it "schmaltz". Chris also does her own version of this ("I'm dumb") to get detailed explanations from people. She prefers this method of learning over reading.