"Grand Theft Auto" Effect

"Announcer: Call the station for a contest entry if you recognize this song: (plays song) Eb Dawson: That's (gives name of song by group, runs to telephone to call it in) (20 Minutes later) Announcer: Call the station for a contest entry if you recognize this song: (plays exact same song as in previous announcement) Eb Dawson: That's (gives entirely different name of song by different group, runs to telephone to call it in also) Oliver Douglas: But it's the same song they just played!"

- Green Acres

When a video game repeats certain songs sufficiently frequently, players of that game will associate the song with the game whenever they hear it regardless of circumstance.

This can get distracting.

The Trope Namer and Trope Codifier is the Grand Theft Auto series, most specifically Grand Theft Auto Vice City and Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas. Before those two games, popular music in video games was rare because of the expensive and complex nature of licensing it. Even securing a single song could prove problematic because the nature of the contracts the music industry uses; bulk discounts are exceedingly rare. Then there were the space restrictions of floppy disks and CDs and the lack of compression. Thus, the most you usually heard was a token song or two, and rarely of anyone famous because songs by famous people cost more.

This changed in 2002. After the success of Grand Theft Auto III and the popularity of its (mostly original) radio stations, Rockstar was confident that it could make money on a game with nearly 100 licensed musical tracks from several labels. This proved successful, so it took it a step further in the next sequel and licensed over 150 songs without any repeats from the previous game.

In both games, you spent a vast majority of the time in a vehicle. You didn't have to listen to music, but most players would listen to something. Each radio station only offered maybe an hour's worth of content (which tended to jump formats), repeats were both inevitable and (often) infuriating.

For many players, particular songs had a tendency to stand out and become permanently ingrained. There are many songs in the game, and most of them still get played a lot in Real Life. So situations would often come up where a person hears a song on the radio and immediately thinks of the Grand Theft Auto game it was featured in. ("I Ran" is an especially common example, due to being featured in Vice City's trailer.)

Another curious effect is that the player would hear a song that they disliked or from a genre they wouldn't listen to, and it would grow on them as it's repeated. (Known in psychology as the mere-exposure effect.) Advertising at its finest.

You can also get a pang of nostalgia from the stuff that some not-so-famous musicians came up with for the first two GTA games -- "Taxi Drivers Must DIEEEEEEEEEEE!" It's just that you are much less likely to run into those songs if you aren't playing those games.

Other video games have had the same effect (either through causing it or by being a victim of it) to varying degrees.

Not to be confused with the "Guitar Hero effect"—a phrase meaning Revival by Commercialization

The same thing can happen when previously-composed music is used in films (live action or animated, including anime). How many people think of "Thus Spoke Zarasthustra" as "Theme from 2001", associate "War March of the Priests" with the Bugs Bunny shorts, or hear "Fly Me to the Moon" and think of Neon Genesis Evangelion?

A Real Song Theme Tune can fall victim to this effect.

Anime and Manga

 * Happened not once, but twice with "Rouge No Dengon". The first time, it was used as the opening theme in Kiki's Delivery Service, so everyone associates the song with that. Then it was used in Suzume, and everyone immediately went "hey look, it's the Kiki's Delivery Service" song. Now people know this as the song that appeared in Suzume and Kiki's Delivery Service.
 * "Fly Me to the Moon" was a nice song about flying to the moon. Now a bunch of people know it (and its 20 other renditions) as the ending theme of Neon Genesis Evangelion.