Commercial Break Cliffhanger

A Cliff Hanger that is set just before a commercial break, to ratchet up the suspense within the given episode. It's used to keep viewers' attention on the screen—preferably all through the commercial break—lest they miss the crucial moment of resolution. Some reality shows do this as well, normally right before big announcements of winners or people getting kicked off.

If done well and used with discretion, it can really draw out the suspense. However, there are also quite a few ways it can go awry:
 * When American shows are broadcast in countries where the frequency of commercials is lower, or when a show goes out on The BBC or is released on DVD, with no commercial breaks at all. This results in dramatic cliffhangers which fade out... then fade back in right away, sometimes repeating the last line said before the break.
 * When a show does this too often, especially if it also tends to return from the break and review what just happened before the break before the resolution. Viewers will catch on and see it coming a mile away, which may cause them to preemptively lose attention and change the channel. Particularly frequent in game and reality shows, which has caused this trope to become somewhat of a Discredited Trope in those genres.
 * When the Eyecatch or Ad Bumpers causes accidental Mood Whiplash, completely killing the tense mood.

Pseudo Crisis is a specialized version of this trope. Compare Charge Into Combat Cut, when the show cuts to an unrelated scene at the beginning of a fight.

Advertising

 * Believe it or not, this is actually done with a Gushers commercial! This is the full commercial, and the cliffhanger usually takes place halfway through.

Anime and Manga

 * While often combined in anime with the Eyecatch, this can occasionally backfire. An example is the dramatic cliffhanger reveal of Rau Le Creuset as a clone in Gundam SEED, the rather dramatic conclusion of his long expository rant revealing several significant bits of backstory to the series' universe. The characters that are witness to this reveal are shocked...only to suddenly cut to a completely unrelated and relatively cheery eyecatch of another character playing in a meadow, thus providing the audience with the dramatic equivalent of a face-first, high speed collision with a brick wall.
 * Slayers Next usually uses these quite well. One memorable instance occurs when dramatic tension mounts until Gaav is about to attack the gang, Martina appears and the main characters scream "MARTINA!" in comical fashion. Cue cheerful Eyecatch, followed by Martina making a complete fool of herself to her signature comical tune. They don't always work very well though - the cliffhanger/eyecatch combination jarringly backfires when Lina casts the perfected Ragna Blade and Gaav looks worried for the first time, almost afraid. The dramatic mood is sliced to bits by the cheerful Eyecatch.
 * Fruits Basket also made good use of eyecatches, creating different ones to fit the episode (even having two separate ones for either side of the commercial break. For the latter darker episodes, fitting plain black eyecatches were used.

Film

 * 2001: A Space Odyssey was originally shown in theaters with an intermission. The scene immediately before the intermission? Dave and Frank talking in the pod, thinking HAL can't hear them...and HAL reading their lips.

Literature

 * Parodied in Animorphs after Ax, the only alien on the team, has been watching too much Earth TV. He says something dramatic, then freezes in place. When the others ask him what he's doing, he responds that he has to remain silent until they get to "These Messages", at which point the others realise he's doing a "soap take".

Live Action TV
"Fred: Spike told me where he goes when he disappears. It's...hell. He's slipping into hell. (suspenseful music cue) Gunn: Kinda figured. Wesley: Of course. Gunn: Where else would he be going? (cut to the next scene)"
 * In general, ever since the success of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?, game and reality shows frequently use this in an attempt to emulate its success via heavily dramatic presentation. By the late 2000's, nearly every game and reality show would do it at every available opportunity. It seems to have lapsed into cliche territory around the turn of the decade, and critics (and fans) will now often trash a show for trying to do it too often. Even Millionaire itself seems to have become the victim of Seinfeld Is Unfunny in this aspect.
 * Chris Tarrant, the UK presenter of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? has a reputation for dragging out the "Is that your final answer?" bit until he can announce a break immediately after the answer has been confirmed, but before he says if it's correct. This includes Judith Keppel's million-winning question, which led to frustrated gasps from everyone else. There even was one instance in which he was about to announce the final answer, but the siren went off and Chris declared we'd have to wait until tomorrow!
 * Similarly, Eddie McGuire of the Australian version was infamous for cutting to commercial before announcing correct answers, and was the subject of many a parody for this.
 * Also the Japanese version is notorious for this like other Japanese on-studio shows for cutting to commercials before revealing the results without the studio's awareness. After a contestant locked in an answer on a difficult question, the host stares at the contestant for a minute give or take before he reveals if he/she answered correctly or not. A commercial break interrupts sometimes during the drum roll.
 * On the other hand, the American version averts this; the closest it ever got to happening there was if a contestant switched out a high-level question and the replacement is only shown after the break, and even then, the answer to the first question was shown before cutting to commercial.
 * Chuck Woolery on Greed was, at least until Deal or No Deal came along, the undisputed master of this in game shows. The episode leading up to Daniel Avila's famed $2,000,000 attempt was the biggest example; the particular episode only featured one team who answered all but the last question in the Tower of Greed... but this means they got through just seven questions in the entire hour, which was padded by two recaps near the end. After the first forty minutes, just about everything was filler to put off the choice to go for the top prize until next week.
 * Speaking of Game Shows that leave you hanging, this is a favorite of Howie Mandel on the U.S. version of Deal or No Deal. "Open the case...when we come back!"
 * Jeff Foxworthy tries to imitate Howie on Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?, but he talks so slowly that you can see the commercial coming a mile away.
 * It's even worse there because one can easily look up the answer on Wikipedia before Foxworthy even announces the commercial break.
 * Its sister show Don't Forget the Lyrics also plays this trope.
 * Duel played with this a bit one day. The contestants had just given their answers to a question, and then one of them griped that, well, of course now we're going to go to commercial. (Beat) "Just for that..." Cue commercial.
 * NBC must be contractually obligated to use this trope in every single show they run.
 * Minute to Win It in particular appears to be making a valiant attempt to top Greed and Deal or No Deal at this. At the end of the most recent show, the contestant had to make a stack of martini glasses and Christmas tree ornaments which would stay standing by itself for 3 seconds for a guaranteed $250,000. She finishes the tower and lets go, and three... two... one—TO BE CONTINUED. Though any Genre Savvy viewer who's watched the show before probably saw that one coming a mile away. Ten bucks says the outcome won't be shown until after at least one commercial break into the next episode.
 * Who's Still Standing? is an example of how this can go wrong and kill the tension - they repeatedly cut to commercial in the middle of a question, with rather clumsy editing too. The music (which was very obviously added in post-production) would swell up to the point of nearly drowning out everything else and blatantly give away nearly every commercial break 15 seconds in advance.
 * Any episode of American Idol that ends with a winner uses this trope (along with a nice healthy serving of Filler) so often that Ryan Seacrest gets hate mail about it.
 * Subverted in exactly one episode of Canadian Idol. The host said he will reveal the winner. After a second delay, the audience announced it to be after the break, but the host replied "right now, actually".
 * The Dukes of Hazzard typically had these, accompanied by a freeze-frame shot, a dramatic musical Sting, and a pithy comment from Narrator Waylon Jennings.
 * If a patient on House suddenly has a seizure/heart attack/projectile vomiting/stops breathing/anything involving bleeding/bizarre rash out of nowhere, expect the screen to go black in about 3 seconds...
 * Note, that in 5 years of the show's run, no patient has ever died during the commercial break. The show will always return from the adspot with a somewhat-stable patient, and a their doctors will be in a completely different part of the hospital.
 * Bones must get a cookie for this one: The team figures out that the remains that has been dead for a month was in fact raised in the 19th century. da-da-dum! Cue opening. Was it time travel? No, 30 seconds in the actual show it turns out the kid was Amish.
 * Lost does this. Repeatedly.
 * A particularly awesome (or frustrating, YMMV) one was in the finale, when Jack and the Man in Black faced off in the rain on an actual cliff. Just as Jack charged at MIB, it cut to commercial.
 * Channel 4 tried to stick with the US advertisement frequency when showing Lost, because of its cash-printingly huge popularity, but got a pile of viewer complaints and a rap on the knuckles from a regulator for their trouble.
 * The Brazilian versions of Big Brother and American Idol are infamous when it comes to this trope. It begins with a flashback of the performance of the contestants who may or may not leave, then a long philosophical dissertation regarding what the contestants should have learned during that time, then the commercial break, then flashes of the families of those who may leave the competition/win the prize, to THEN declare who leaves or wins. After that, massive hysteria for the rest of the show time.
 * Totally subverted on 24. Because the show is played in real time, there can't be any cliffhangers before the commercials, because that would mean that either all of the action would play out during the commercials, or none of the characters would do anything for 4 minutes.
 * Hells Kitchen does this in a very predictable pattern. 1) During the challenge of the day, cue the long dramatic pause on who the winner will be, COMMERCIAL! 2) Dinner service starts, drama ensues, Ramsay gets pissed off and yells at the chef who screwed up and seems to want them out, COMMERCIAL! 3) Elimination comes around, one chef is asked who they voted to kick out, dramatic pause, COMMERCIAL! Also, at some point during the episode, someone will probably cut themselves or trip over something... COMMERCIAL!
 * Top Chef seemed to be ripping the first one off in their Washington DC season. Normally on quickfires, the winner is announced right after the challenge, but they started putting a commercial break in. No idea why, and they've gone back to their normal style for All Stars.
 * If not every episode, 95% of the episodes of Prison Break have at least one of these.
 * For a while, Get Smart had a lot of these before the last segment where it looked like Max had been killed. Of course if it had happened, the show wouldn't have gone much further...
 * On at least one occasion, syndication cuts to Buffy the Vampire Slayer, to make room for more commercials, created one - Giles is getting drunk with old friend/nemesis Ethan Rayne, who casually tells him "I put poison in your drink...you'll be dead in an hour." There's some dramatic soundtrack, then he laughs "Just kidding!". A commercial break was put in between the two lines.
 * Star Trek: The Original Series: There's a rather glaring one in the last episode of the first season. Spock is ambushed by a deranged man holding a heavy instrument. Spock wards off one swing, then the two face each other to the tune of a dramatic cue. Cut to commercials. When we get back, Spock easily neutralizes the man within about 2 seconds. Onwards with the episode.
 * Another game show, Cash Cab has done this recently after an answer is locked in.
 * Fear Factor does this whenever a stunt might go wrong.
 * And then, there's the French version of Money Drop. My god, it might not be the Trope Codifier, but it happens at the very last moment. We wait about 30 seconds to see what are the wrong answer, and suddenly, at the very last second, there's the commercials.
 * Angel did this very frequently. A notable subversion occurs in "Hell Bound".


 * Fear Itself, the NBC version of Showtime's Masters of Horror, used a lot of Commercial Break Cliffhangers. The thing is, while that's fine for suspense, since it (ideally) keeps the audience in their seats to see what happens next, it's not so good for horror. Commercial breaks take the audience out of the action and remind them that they're just watching a TV show, which kills the mood (and horror's all about mood).
 * Storage Wars does this Every. Single. Commercial. Break. Take 2 shots if it shows someone opening a trunk, chest or safe. Three if it's Barry.
 * The Food Network's chopped does this with the first two chefs to be cut. The host Ted Allen then averts this with announcing the last contest to be "chopped", which in turn reveals the winner. If you watch the show enough, you can time the commercials breaks to the second and the winner will always be announced in the last three minutes.

News Media

 * News programs exploit this with irritating frequency. Advertisements for the day's news promise information on some dangerous thing that "you must watch out for" (especially if you have children), and during the news program itself, refrain from showing until almost the very end, but continually remind you before they cut to commercials that it's "coming up next". Of course, this means that the segment doesn't play until it's time to put the child(ren) to bed, making the report miss its target audience.
 * This is spoofed on a sbemail in Homestar Runner where Strong Bad runs a local news program that constantly alludes to a "World in Crisis" story coming up. At the end of the news show, he says to tune in next time for the "World in Crisis" story.
 * And by George Carlin back in the 60's: "The sun did not come up today, huge cracks are appearing in the earth's surface and big rocks are falling from the sky. Details at 5."

Professional Wrestling

 * Believe it or not, WWE programs do this on a frequent basis. Whenever a wrestler gets tossed outside the ring, expect the announcer to cue up the oncoming commercial break by asking if the aforementioned wrestler can make a comeback when the show returns. However, due to the nature of the program, the match will pick up from the break, still in progress.

Western Animation
"Homer: (seeing Bart and Lisa walking off) Hey! Where are you going? Bart: Dad, you can't expect a person to sit for thirty minutes straight. Lisa: I'm going to get a snack, or maybe go to the bathroom. Marge: I'll stay here, but I'm going to think about products I might like to purchase. (closes eyes) Ooh...mmm...ooh, I don't have that."
 * An episode of Futurama parodied this rather well. Fry, Leela, and Bender had to deliver a package to a robot planet, and Bender gets caught. Leela then exclaims: "If only I had two or three minutes to think about it!" Cut to commercial.
 * Done with The Simpsons as well. After the family is tricked by a commercial, Homer proclaims that the next time a commercial comes on, he'll close his eyes, cover his ears and scream. Fade to black, cue Homer screaming, cut to commercial.
 * Another episode features the Power Plant in danger of meltdown and Homer tries to work out which button he must press before it happens. He presses a button and...cut to black!
 * Also, it's done in another episode, where Bart finds a phone while picking up golf balls on a golf course, and he says "Hey! you can watch commercials on it!" and holds the phone up to the TV, and then it goes to a commercial.
 * And in another episode, with Sideshow Mel narrating the story of Lisa's comedy rise to fame, he says something along the lines of "We'll find out what happened in three... two... one..." fade to black.
 * Parodied in "And Maggie Makes Three":

"Ed: I should have all the feeling back in my feet after this word from our sponsor, Double D. Edd: Curse broadcasted commercialism! (cut to commercial)"
 * Tiny Toon Adventures, although it was a self-aware cartoon, didn't do this too often. In the pilot episode, Buster and Babs use the commercial break to get most of their work on the future show accomplished. In the Christmas episode, the trope is played much more straight in that a panicky Buster is ready and desperate to wish everything back to normal but he is told that he has to wait until after the commercials.
 * An episode of The Upright Citizens Brigade used a variation of this trope by claiming that they had succeeded in creating a batch of mind-numbingly unbearable commercials, then pressing play and treating the actual commercials as the ones they were referring to. It was claimed before each subsequent break that an even worse batch than the last one was cued up to play.
 * An episode of Sam and Max Freelance Police tried to inform us that there would be no commercial breaks, to better assist our viewing pleasure. These announcements were, of course, cut short at every opportunity. If I remember correctly, we would also appear to have missed something, as the situation would be slightly different than before the break.
 * Done with the season premieres and finales in The Secret Saturdays.
 * Oddly, the punchline to a cutaway gag on Family Guy was cut off. It was rather odd.
 * Done in most of the old Disney Afternoon cartoons.
 * In Ed Edd n Eddy:


 * Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles TV adaptations do this all the time with intense music.

Real Life

 * Here's some Fridge Brilliance: What happens when you get really shocking overwhelming news? You may pass out. What does it look like when you pass out? Fade to Black and then you come to 3 minutes later.