Dressing as the Enemy



"Princess Leia: Aren't you a little short for a stormtrooper? Luke: What? Oh, the uniform. I'm Luke Skywalker. I'm here to rescue you. Princess Leia: You're who?"

- Star Wars: A New Hope

Most of the heroes are trapped in a cell, when the door opens and a guard wearing a face-concealing helmet enters.

They prepare for a fight. The guard takes off his/her helmet—and reveals that it's one of their allies.

In the real world, this is illegal for a military operation (under Article 39 of the 1977 First Geneva Protocol), but not when it comes to espionage (which makes it fair game to kill you anyway). Well, that is, unless you take off the uniform before you start firing, and a lot of other small things that our heroes nonetheless forget and our villains disregard anyway.

Note that the guard the hero knocks out is always wearing the right size uniform to fit them perfectly. (Except in subversions, in which case it fits them very poorly). This may or may not follow a Mugged for Disguise.

This occurs so often that Rule Number 1 on the Evil Overlord List is that the Legions of Doom should wear clear helmets. Another rule from that list calls for guards to wear tailored uniforms which will not fit any hero who attempts this trick.

Actually a very common mythic trope called 'Wearing Enemy's Skin' identified by Joseph Campbell. Known examples go back to The Iliad, thus Older Than Feudalism.

May lead to Friend or Foe since you do, after all, look like the enemy.

See also The Mole, Trojan Prisoner, Hey, Wait!, and Mugged for Disguise. On a regimental scale, this is a False-Flag Operation. When used with zombies, it's Pretend We're Dead. When the disguised arouses suspicion by constantly insisting on his alliance to the enemy, it's Most Definitely Not a Villain.

Anime and Manga
"Suigetsu: My, my... I guess you've got us. Jugo: This wasn't a very good plan."
 * A very odd example comes from Super Dimension Fortress Macross and its Robotech adaptaion: Max is trapped onboard a Zentraedi warship and hides in a bathroom. An enemy soldier comes in and Max knocks him out and steals his uniform. The pockets come in handy for rescuing the three human prisoners. The oddity is that Max didn't disguise himself, but rather his Humongous Mecha in the uniform of the equally giant alien.
 * Not quite enemies, but the Roberia Zuka Club makes their first appearance in Ouran Academy uniforms, one as a male.
 * Jugo and Suigetsu try this in Naruto using samurai uniforms. They are caught almost immediately.


 * Bleach: Uryuu and Orihime steal and wear some shihakusho to blend in during the Soul Society arc. Because it's Orihime and Uryuu, an awkward Lingerie Scene is mandatory.
 * Erza Scarlet in Fairy Tail.
 * The group infiltrating Baba Yaga castle in Soul Eater dress in the same way as the Artifact Soldiers with long black robes and white masks. Causes a Crowning Moment of Awesome/Funny when Kirikou decides to reveal himself after wandering around for a while: "Surprise."
 * During the One Piece G8 Filler Arc, the Strawhats are forced to do this. They are quickly picked out as fakes when the commander gets reports of suspicious unknown Marines wandering around the base.
 * In Gundam 0080, Misha draws the Federation's attention with the Kämpfer while the rest of the Cyclops Team infiltrates the base to destroy the Gundam NT-1. Unlike many examples, the uniforms fit perfectly because they were obtained in advance; what gives them away is Bernie failing geography forever.
 * Bernie says that he is from Australia and says at Christmas time the city was covered in snow-this is possibly understandable as he is a Zeon and may not know much about Earth since he living in a colony.
 * Heero Yuy in Mobile Suit Gundam Wing is seen infiltrating enemy facilities almost every other episode. He's incredibly brazen about simply knocking out guards and taking their uniforms (which somehow always fit him) and then waltzes right into the enemy base without a second thought. Trowa also does this once.
 * But they are trained operatives and probably were trained to do this sort of thing for their missions.
 * In Mobile Suit Gundam 0083 Stardust Memory, Anavel Gato accomplishes the Gundamjacking of the first episode by walking into the hanger while wearing a Federation uniform provided by a confederate. He complains that the uniform's rank pins are too low.
 * Done in Heartcatch Pretty Cure with Erika, Itsuki, Coffret and Potpourri dressing up as Snackies to sneak into the Desert Apostles' base.

Comic Books

 * Played semi-straight in multiple Asterix stories. At Obelix's insistence, they always look for two enemies, one small and one... medium-sized. Note that Obelix is a big man by any standard imaginable, in case you didn't know.
 * In an "alternate future" storyline in JLA, Batman spent years posing as Desaad, right under Darkseid's nose.
 * In one of Mortadelo Y Filemon's comics, El Sulfato Atómico, Filemón is imprisoned and Mortadelo decides to dress as a commander of the Tiranian Army (Tirania is the country they are infiltrating), but when it comes to give the orders, he realises he doesn't know how to speak Tiranian.
 * An extreme example happened in Sin City. Dwight McCarthy had previously been shot in the face, requiring surgery. This ended up changing his appearance drastically. The Big Bad, meanwhile, was planning to see a drug courier. Dwight had the courier killed and took his place in order to infiltrate the villain's estate. Since he was essentially disguised after his surgery, this allowed him easy access to the villain's mansion.

Film
"""You sure gotta hand it to those Commies. Gee, those trucks sure look like the real thing, don't they? I wonder where they got 'em from?" "Probably bought them from the Army as war surplus. OK. Open up at 200 yards..""
 * A similar example to the page quote occurs in Star Wars: Return of the Jedi, where the bounty hunter that sells Chewbacca to Jabba the Hutt turns out to be Princess Leia in disguise, there to rescue Han. Also, Lando is in disguise beforehand as a mercenary, bounty hunter, or other kind of scum that would generally hang around Jabba's palace.
 * And the only reason the rebels won the battle of Endor was because Chewbacca hopped in an AT-ST and gunned down the others.
 * The quote at the top of this page mentions when Luke and Han dressed up as Storm Troopers so they could rescue Princess Leia in A New Hope.
 * Ends disastrously in Cross Of Iron. German soldiers are isolated from their unit and must wear Soviet uniforms to sneak back to their base. The German guard commander knows about the deception, but has a personal grudge against the returning sergeant, and orders his men to shoot the approaching "Russians".
 * Parodied in Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery. Miss Kensington and Austin follow a pair of Virtucom employees into the restrooms, one a very tall and lanky man, the other an obese woman, and emerge seconds later in perfectly fitted uniforms.
 * Indiana Jones:
 * Justified in Raiders of the Lost Ark where Indy first attacks a scrawny Nazi guard and tries to put on his uniform, but is unable to close the shirt over his broad chest. Luckily, he gets discovered by a much larger German officer who mistakes him for a guard, and Indy is able to knock him out and steal his uniform while the officer is busy berating him. It fits like a glove.
 * Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade
 * Indiana knocked out a Nazi officer at a book burning rally, leading to a too-close encounter with Der Führer himself.
 * Indiana knocked out a waiter on a zeppelin and took his place.
 * Inverted in Kingdom of the Crystal Skulls where the American army convoy at the start of the movie are Russians.
 * Jeff Bridges pulls this off in Tron, but because the good guys and the bad are simply color-coded, all he needs to do for a disguise is steal the glowing red trim around a Mook's costume.
 * The Dirty Dozen won a war game by using this trope. Since the two sides only differentiated by colour of arm-band, it was surprisingly easy ("We're traitors"), although you wonder why the opposing colonel didn't recognize the ones he talked to. The same trick was used in Private Benjamin, using one soldier's non-regulation red underwear to make the red armbands.
 * Which was why they did their best to ensure that the members of the team that the opposing colonel had gotten a close look at weren't part of the infiltration stage.
 * In addition, The Dirty Dozen dressed as German soldiers for their actual mission.
 * In Sahara, a straight version of this allows the protagonists entry to the mooks' base, especially since they've "borrowed" the Big Bad's car.
 * The Eagle Has Landed points out the illegality of this several times. There is a flimsy rationalisation where they wear their German paratrooper uniforms underneath Polish uniforms, and only engage in actual combat as Germans.
 * It wasn't an attempt at an excuse, it was because the German CO regarded the deception as Dirty Business and was adamant that if their cover was blown "We will die as what we are; German paratroopers."
 * In Where Eagles Dare, Richard Burton's team of commandos don Nazi uniforms to infiltrate an enemy castle, purely to get Clint Eastwood running around shooting people [[media:Whereeagelesdare.jpg|in German stormtrooper garb]]. In a twist, some of the commandos are undercover Nazis, their true allegiances reflected in what they're wearing.
 * The Guns of Navarone. After turning the tables on and capturing their German Army interrogators, our heroes don their uniforms and escape.
 * Inverted in two different way in The Dark Knight. First when, and then when . The Joker acquires a
 * A similar inversion occurs in V for Vendetta, when V.
 * At one point in Dr. Strangelove, a column of US Army troops is dispatched to storm the Air Force base which has been commandeered by renegade general Ripper. The base troops think they are battling invading Russians:

""Ready when you are, Sergeant Pembrey...""
 * Blazing Saddles. Two Ku Klux Klan members are part of the line of applicants to join Hedley Lamaar's army of Mooks. Sheriff Bart and the Waco Kid lure them away, knock them out and steal their robes. Unfortunately, they forget that Sheriff Bart is black...
 * Also parodied in Spaceballs. Lone Starr and Barf lure two Spaceballs into their Winnebago, beat the crap out of them, and come out with their uniforms. Barf's is perfectly fitted, even though he's much larger than either of the soldiers...and has a tail...
 * And then when they make their escape, the same two guys are in their underwear...and have Spaceball helmets on, even though Lone Starr and Barf also stole their helmets.
 * Mom and Dad Save The World: A sympathetic mook actually gives the hero his uniform to aid his escape. As the uniform doesn't conceal his face, this doesn't work.
 * Bill and Teds Bogus Journey has the title pair do this to get into Fluffy Cloud Heaven. Once they do this, Fridge Logic rears its head to them: they mugged two guys in Heaven.
 * Subverted in the Swedish film The Third Wave. A hitman who's stalking his target through an anti-globilisation riot kills a riot policeman and steals his gun, uniform and face-concealing helmet. This enables the hitman to get close to the protagonist and execute him with a shot to the head—unfortunately it turns out the gun he stole is loaded with plastic bullets.
 * Spoofed in Monsters vs. Aliens. Link, BOB, and Dr. Cockroach are all mistaken for cloned mooks just by wearing the same shirt they do. At one point a cloned mook sees through one of their disguises...only to order the other two to incinerate him.
 * The Wizard of Oz. Scarecrow, the Tin Woodman, and the Cowardly Lion are ambushed by three of the Wicked Witch of the West's castle guards. In the next scene, the heroes sneak into the witch's castle dressed in the guards' uniforms.
 * The Simpsons Movie. Homer dresses as a hotel doorman to fool a soldier that he is a superior officer. He's only given away when the soldier queries why an order from the President is written on a leaf.
 * Judge Dredd. While Dredd is on the run from the law, he knocks out a Judge and steals his uniform. It fits perfectly.
 * The Avengers 1998. Mrs. Peel may have done this with a copy of her clone's Spy Catsuit to infiltrate Sir August's base.
 * James Bond
 * Diamonds Are Forever. Bond takes out one of Blofeld's doctors and steals his clothing so he can infiltrate an operation room.
 * Dr. No. Bond knocks out one of Dr. No's workers and steals his radiation suit so he can infiltrate the nuclear reactor room.
 * Goldfinger. The title villain dresses as a U.S. Army general during the assault on Fort Knox.
 * Moonraker. While in Drax's Elaborate Underground Base, James Bond and Dr. Goodhead knock out two of Drax's employees and put on their yellow jumpsuits so they can masquerade as astronauts and board one of the space shuttles.
 * In Thunderball Bond steals a black wetsuit and hood to masquerade as a SPECTRE diver.
 * You Only Live Twice. While in the SPECTRE base, Bond and two escaped cosmonauts dress in white security uniforms so they can take the place of the SPECTRE astronauts.
 * Used in O Brother, Where Art Thou? to rescue Tommy from the KKK, but it doesn't work super well...
 * Our Man Flint. While infiltrating Galaxy Island Flint takes out two Galaxy personnel and dons their clothes: one an ordinary worker and the other a security guard.
 * The Silence of the Lambs: Hannibal Lecter employs this trope in the most gruesome manner possible.

"Rocco: "We'll have to perform a full rectum-ology." Roland: "Fondue, an epidemic! drop those pants... Not you, the patient." Doctor: "I thought you were cardiologists..." Rocco: "Uh, well, they're all connected, we enter the rectum and head north." Roland: "Why do you think we have such long instruments?""
 * In Brain Donors, Ambulance Chaser Roland T. Flakfizer and his cohorts dress up as doctors to infiltrate a hospital and recover an incriminating letter.


 * Done by Murray and Ramis in Stripes.
 * In Battle of the Bulge, German soldiers dress as Americans to infiltrate and confuse American attacks.
 * Tropic Thunder: "Here's my mothafuckin' farm!"
 * The third Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles film has the turtles do this with a justification. The established rules of time-travel in the movie state that in order to go into the past, the turtles would have to swap places- and uniforms- with whoever is holding the scepter in feudal Japan. It just so happened that the ones in the past were the Daimyo's honor guard. Luckily, the ceremonial samurai masks allow the Turtles to disguise their faces as well.
 * The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen. Secret Service agent Sawyer performs a Mugged for Disguise on one of the Fantom's Mooks and then joins them. He later saves the League from being slaughtered by the Mook's gunfire by shooting most of them.
 * In The Gumball Rally, one of the entries into the race is a Dodge police cruiser with black and white paint job, and magnetic door decals for police and highway patrol logos of every state they would be crossing through.

Literature

 * Even King Arthur makes use of this trope, with tragic results: The brothers Balin and Balan go their separate ways, have adventures, defeat their enemies, plunder the bodies, and put on the better armor. By the time they meet again, their armor and shields make them unrecognizable to each other. Tragedy ensues.
 * Similarly, in Homer's The Iliad, following the siege of Troy, the Trojans took the armor off dead Greek warriors and put them on in an inevitable resistance. Any poor Greek who thought he was joining his allies was racing towards his own death.
 * In The Aeneid, the tactic is shown from the Trojan's viewpoint; it succeeds for a while, but the Greeks figure out their ploy, and the Trojan archers have no idea that the band of soldiers is made of their allies, so Aeneas loses a few men to the Greeks and to friendly fire.
 * In Victor Hugo's Les Misérables French National Guard uniforms are worn by several  to pass through National Guard lines into the barricades.
 * In Terry Pratchett's Discworld novel Jingo, after being dragooned into spying on the Klatchians with Lord Vetinari, Fred and Nobby attempt to steal some Klatchian clothing in order to blend in. Unfortunately, since it's dark out they only end up beating each other up, and the men they lured into the alley rob "them" instead.
 * Nobby was never on the losing side of a battle when he was a quartermaster, the reason being that he'd sneak off and change into a stolen enemy uniform the moment his lot started losing. Due to his habit of selling all his army's weapons and armor (often to the enemy) this happened frequently: enough that experienced generals kept an eye on what he was wearing to see how the battle was going.
 * In Open Sesame by Tom Holt, two main characters prepare to jump on a pair of guards, realise the outfits wouldn't fit, so give the guards their measurements. The guards, who are bound to narrative rules, walk off and send in two more guards, who are promptly knocked unconscious, letting the main characters steal their perfectly fitting costumes.
 * Used in the Robin Hood ballad where he faces Guy of Gisbourne, wherein after killing Gisbourne, Robin fakes his death by switching clothes with Gisbourne's corpse and mutilating the corpse's face so it's unrecognizable. There are also occasions on which Robin or his men dressed as the enemy without needing to employ fatal measures.
 * Done twice in the 1973 Disney Robin Hood cartoon. Robin disguises himself as one of the sheriff's vulture guards, and Little John as the sheriff himself.
 * There's some erotic fanart from Robin Hood that involves this, and which really shouldn't be described here.
 * Done in CS Lewis's final Chronicles of Narnia book, The Last Battle. Since the enemies are thinly disguised Arabs, the deception includes wearing blackface. One wonders how the upcoming film adaptation in going to handle this in these more PC times.
 * There is a very clear difference between blackface and using makeup and other chemicals to darken ones skin for espionage purposes.
 * Horatio Hornblower uses this once or twice - not enemy uniforms specifically, but flying the enemy flag on approach, before whipping it down and running up the Union Jack before opening fire.
 * Not an uncommon tactic in naval warfare of the time but to be legal the correct ensign had to be flying prior to commencement of active hostilities.
 * Judge Dee and his lieutenants are constantly disguising themselves as assorted members of the underworld. Tao Gan actually IS a member of the underworld, retired.
 * Done at least three times in the Redwall series: Brome of Noonvale dresses up as a searat, Jukka Sling (a squirrel) shaves her tail and dyes her fur to pass as a Blue Horde rat, and Midge Manycoats designs elaborate vermin costumes for himself and Tammo. On one other occasion, Mariel and friends are wearing stolen searat clothes while on board a ship, are seen by a helmsrat on another ship, and he mistakes them for other searats even though they weren't expecting other rats to be around and aren't actively pretending to be such.
 * In JRR Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings, Frodo and Sam disguise themselves as orcs during the last leg of their journey. And no, it doesn't fit either of them right. Good thing it's dark.
 * Used in The Silmarillion as well, when Beren, Finrod, and his soldiers disguise themselves as orcs.
 * And later in the same story when Luthien disguises herself as a bat and Beren as a werewolf to infiltrate Morgoth's citadel
 * In Sandy Mitchell's Ciaphas Cain novel Death Or Glory, Cain and his group travel in stolen ork vehicles. This does distract the orks, but when they come into firing range of an Imperial force, they nearly get fired on before they manage vox communication, and even then the force demands proof.
 * In Graham McNeill's Warhammer 40,000 Ultramarines novel Nightbringer, an eldar Pirate approaches an Imperial vessel broadcasting that it was the Gallant, an Imperial ship.
 * In James Swallow's Warhammer 40,000 Blood Angels novel Deus Encarmine, Blood Angels steal a tank and use it to mask their approach to the Word Bearers camp.
 * Subverted in "The Wonderful Story of Henry Sugar" by Roald Dahl. The titular main character has found a way to beat the casinos, but he gets cocky one night and the owners send goons to his hotel. The bellboy comes to warn him (not out of altruism, but in the belief that it doesn't hurt to have the gratitude of a man who just won a stack of money) and offers to pretend that Henry overwhelmed him and stole his uniform to sneak out of the hotel.
 * The Wraiths of the Star Wars: X Wing Series have reason to do this a few times - dressing as Space Pirates in some situations, stormtroopers in others. As pirates they need no ID, but they run into some trouble as stormtroopers without the proper passwords.
 * Bones of the Hills opens with a group of Mongols under Tsubodai engaging a regiment of Russian knights. Jochi's argan manages to kill a detachment of them, then steal their armour in order to attack the main force.
 * When the Animorphs dress as the enemy, the clothes always fit...because they've morphed into whoever they're trying to imitate.
 * In Pendragon: The Merchant of Death, Loor and Press dress as Bedoowan knights.
 * The Belgariad has a city filled with Grolim priests, conveniently wearing identical black cloaks and steel masks to hide their appearances. The good guys... obtain... a few, helping them get around the city despite the bloody stab holes in their new clothes.
 * Kavi and Jiaan do this to infiltrate a palace under the control of the Hrum in the third book in Hilari Bell's Farsala Trilogy.
 * Played with during one sequence in the Belisarius Series, the title character has to escape from a city full of bad guys out for his blood. He needs a uniform to escape, but with the thousands of guards looking for him, he has difficulty finding a uniform that's both the right size, the right type, and being worn by a guard he can take out quietly. Several times he pulls a Bavarian Fire Drill on guards he runs into to get them to search someplace else. Eventually he finds the uniform, and makes it out of the city.
 * Done a couple of times in Harry Potter, aided by Polyjuice Potion:
 * In Chamber Of Secrets, Harry and Ron disguise themselves as Malfoy's best friends Crabbe and Goyle to question him about the Chamber.
 * In Deathly Hallows, the Trio Polyjuice themselves into three random Ministry employees to sneak into the Ministry of Magic. It works, but it's Subverted in that the "random" part causes endless problems: Hermione and Ron are stuck in the jobs of their disguises not to blow their cover, and they have to bluff their way though; Ron's is man whose wife was on trial that same day]]. Luckily Harry realized quickly his disguise was a Death Eater. As all hell breaks loose he just starts giving orders and threatening people who try to stop them, getting a bunch of Muggleborns out through the front door.
 * And again when Hermione and Ron pretend to be Bellatrix and some Death Eater-friendly foreigner to . Subverted again when
 * This was the essence of 's plan in Goblet Of Fire, but done to get into Hogwarts.
 * In David Eddings' Tamuli series, some of the heroes disguise themselves as mercenaries (complete with different faces) to get into Scarpa's army.
 * Mad Magazine Super Special Fall 1980. In The Moronic Woman (a Bionic Woman parody), Jammy Summons (Jaime Sommers) and Oscular (Oscar Goldman) have infiltrated the enemy palace. In order to get a guard's uniform for Oscar to wear, Jammy walks around knocking out guards until they find one who is Oscular's size. Oscular puts on the uniform and they go to the office of the dictator.
 * The Black Cockade by Victor Suthren is a Wooden Ships and Iron Men story with the twist that the heroes are French, fighting the British. Toward the end, they've reclaimed their ship and are escaping from a British port in the dark of night, when a British ship hails them, demanding identification. Instead, the French captain shouts a (basically meaningless) congratulatory message to the Brits, followed by the French crew cheering in British style. This is accepted as good enough proof of their Britishness....

Live Action TV
"Crow: "So he fits into a suit that was restrictive on a really small man?""
 * Hogan's Heroes used it a lot, to the point where they have an entire wardrobe full of various German uniforms of differing ranks and positions tailored to fit each of the Heroes. In one notable case, a pair of British spies impersonated an SS film crew to film the camp unnoticed.
 * Subverted in the Doctor Who episode "The Runaway Bride"; The Doctor steals a guard's uniform and uses it to infiltrate a secret chamber—but the enemies aren't fooled for a second.
 * In at least three stories, the Doctor and his allies manage to disable a Dalek, remove the mutant inside, and substitute one of their number. How a whole person fits in there, when the mutant that came out is not much bigger than a human head, is never made clear.
 * At other times, people have fooled Daleks by dressing up as Robomen or Dalek troopers. In the former case, the deception was falling apart, but was saved when the Dalek were distracted by an attack by people without disguises. In the latter, the deception worked until they were seen in the self destruct chamber.
 * The End of Time-how *did* the Vinvocci get that guard's helmet over his head, anyway? Ow.
 * The chunkheaded hero from the Mystery Science Theater 3000-lampooned Space Mutiny beats up a guard who's easily thirty kilograms and 25 cm smaller than he, yet his stolen uniform fits perfectly.


 * And within minutes, the disguise is blown at the first checkpoint he comes to. A subversion, perhaps?
 * Another example from MST3K: The episode Samson vs. the Vampire Women features a mook trying to disguise himself as a wrestler that the titular hero is about to fight—only the mook has a substantially different body shape from that of the wrestler. (This fact is painfully obvious since the wrestler—and the mook who takes over for him—wears nothing but tights and a mask.)
 * In Babylon 5 the attempt to free Sheridan on Mars is blown when one of the infiltrators is seen to have fresh blood on his uniform (leaking from a bandaged stab wound obtained previously).
 * The rebels often borrow the Visitors' uniforms in the miniseries and series V. In the original miniseries, Donovan takes the uniform of a much smaller, female Visitor, who explains that it will stretch to fit him. Apparently they're one-size-fits-all.
 * Farscape. John Crichton infiltrates a Peacekeeper base disguised as an officer (a ploy that had worked successfully before) but encounters Big Bad Scorpius for the first time who casually says "Guards, that man is an imposter. Seize him." It turns out that Scorpius has the ability to see the heat signature of others, so he could tell Critchton wasn't Sebacean.
 * John keeps wearing the Peacekeeper uniform throughout the season, though, partially because he doesn't exactly have a whole lot of changes of clothes with him and partially because it makes him look badass.
 * How often it actually works depends on how merciful the writers are at the time. In "Liars, Guns and Money Part 1," Crichton and Aeryn knock out a couple of guards in the middle of their bank heist, but are ambushed by more guards before they've even finished pulling the clothes off. Crichton flees with a half-hearted "Uh... they went that way!" to the new arrivals.
 * In Volume 4 of Heroes, Peter is all set to try this after knocking out one of the black ops agents, until Tracy points out to him what a stupid idea it is (he still puts on the guy's uniform, though, because why say no to free Kevlar?). In a later episode, Sylar does the exact same thing, with much more success, although he has much more experience in performing that particular trick.
 * Also used by Hiro and Ando, but Hiros glasses and lack of English give him away, forcing Ando to stun the other soldiers with his power.
 * Used on a number of occasions in Stargate SG-1.
 * Star Trek: The Original Series
 * Lampshaded and subverted in the episode "Patterns of Force". Kirk and Spock attempt to do this on a Nazi planet to try and get close to the Fuhrer, who happens to be a Federation citizen. Not only does Spock question the logic of doing so (only to concede that it is in that circumstance), but they end up getting caught shortly afterward because of a lapse of protocol they didn't know about. Double-subverted when they try it later and manage to succeed.
 * In "The Enterprise Incident" Kirk dresses as a Romulan (including getting an "ear job") to infiltrate a Romulan ship and steal its cloaking device.
 * Kirk and Spock also disguise themselves as gangsters in A Piece of the Actions.
 * Played completely straight the first time we actually meet the Breen on Star Trek: Deep Space Nine.
 * In an involuntary example of this trope, Troi wakes up one episode to find herself cosmetically augemented to look Romulan.
 * Appropriately this comes up in the second Paintball Episode in Community. The One With... the Stormtrooper-esque bad guys.

Machinima

 * Red vs. Blue. To fool the Reds into thinking they have more than one freelancer, Tucker and Caboose are ordered to draw the Red's fire while wearing black armour. How do they get black armour? By jumping through a very experimental teleporter.
 * Later in the series, Simmons defects to Blue team, originally because he was shunned by the others, but when Church returns, he begins a charade to try and learn information. To get the effect, he paints his armour blue (although he misses a few spots), but it is subverted in that Church is not fooled by this disguise for one second. Church even takes advantage of the situation by making Simmons do chores and make him lunch...

Tabletop RPG

 * Earthdawn supplement Prelude to War, adventure "The Dragon's Daughter". The PC's must dress up as members of a mercenary band to infiltrate the Theran Behemoth Triumph.
 * In Exalted you have charms that make any disguise you want to wear, perfect and infallible to non-magical means of perception. A Night caste Solar can infiltrate anything he wants.
 * Inverted and played straight in the Lone Wolf book Wolf's Bane, when you must fight your evil twin who, naturally, looks just like Lone Wolf. Later in the book, though, after defeating Wolf's Bane, you get to talk to his Bossman, who thinks you're the evil one.

Video Games

 * In The Saboteur, Sean is able to knock out a Nazi soldier and take their jacket. However he must only stealth kill to get the outfit as the blood would immediately give him away. Also it is noted in the How To part of the game that Sean reeks so much of booze and smokes that if he was to get to close to the Nazis for too long they will be able to spot him out.
 * That, and he only ever takes the jacket and headgear, and leaves the pants and boots alone. While it's justified for a few reasons (There's usually too much risk to spend time putting on the full uniform and, in any case, the guy's likely soiled himself as he goes down - Not pretty.) it does result in him being out of uniform from the waist down. Also, for whatever reason, Sean also refuses to wear the armband as well.
 * In Final Fantasy VI, when Locke infiltrates South Figaro, you can switch between Locke's normal outfit, a merchant outfit, and an Imperial guardsman outfit; if you rescue Celes while wearing the guardsman outfit, Locke hides in plain sight as the enemy soldiers walk out, and there's a Shout-Out to Star Wars during the actual rescue.
 * A main ability of the protagonists in Spy Fiction.
 * It is entirely possible to beat Fallout 2 in around eleven minutes, by swiping a suit of enemy power armor and waltzing into their nigh-impenetrable fortress.
 * This trope is also featured in the original, where you can wear robes and almost everyone in the Cathedral will assume you're one of them.
 * Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty featured an enemy uniform that could be worn by Raiden. Konami deceptively hid his presence in the game by only showing him dressed in this disguise for the game's promotional materials, which may have had something to do with the incredible backlash against the character when he was revealed to be the main protagonist.
 * And in Portable Ops, you recruit your squad from captured enemy soldiers, so nearly all of them are dressed similarly if not identically to the guards found around the levels.
 * Metal Gear Solid 3, in turn, requires you to knock out a GRU officer and steal his uniform. The officer in question looks suspiciously like Raiden.
 * When playing in most of the uniforms, you can't do anything too weird (rolling around, beating up guards, etc.) or you'll be caught. As the GRU officer, you're explicitly allowed to do anything you want, because "Raikov's just like that". It's probably because no-one wants to tick off.
 * Earlier in MGS 3, Snake is required to dress in scientist garb twice, once to infiltrate a warehouse for a rescue mission and the other to infiltrate a military base...for a rescue mission for the same person. If one of the actual scientists sees you, they will stare at you for a while before sounding the alarm since they don't recognise you. Hence, turn away so the scientists can't see your face. How this works in the first place I have no idea, since Snake doesn't look Russian at all, and he's far from clean-shaven, and this works as normal while missing an eye (Which of course, isn't reflected on the ID badge).
 * "Gee, that's weird. I don't remember the American scruffy-looking scientist with the eyepatch."
 * "... and his bandana."
 * "Glasses and a beard, huh? When did we hire Gordon Freeman?"
 * Also Meryl dressed as one of the guards in the first MGS.
 * Several missions in City of Heroes and City of Villains give you an enemy disguise as a temporary power, allowing you to move freely among enemies while it's active. Of course, you don't have to use it...
 * ...and some of us preferred not to. Especially when you disguise yourself as a cybernetic freakshow.
 * Partially subverted in Final Fantasy VII. The heroes sneak aboard an enemy ship wearing the enemy army's uniforms. However, one of the teammates, a lion-like quadruped, stands out quite a bit as he staggers about trying to walk on two legs. Also, his tail is showing.
 * Which, come to think of it, could easily be a shout-out to The Wizard of Oz, only explaining why that makes sense would involve a lot of Fridge Logic.
 * Selphie and her squad in Final Fantasy VIII do this to infiltrate the Galbadian missile base; hijinks ensue.
 * Spoofed in Final Fantasy IX. Zidane and Blank steal Pluto Knight armor, and comment about the armor being sweaty, stinky, and breadcrumbs being in the pockets.
 * Chrono Cross features a particularly goofy example. Access to the inner sanctum of Viper Manor requires the heroes to dress up in the uniforms of three guards. Three radically different-looking party members will all look the same, but pretty puffy pink pooch Poshul doesn't even bother putting on a uniform. Nobody seems to notice two guards hanging out with a neon-pink talking dog.
 * The cartoonish class-based First-Person Shooter Team Fortress 2 gives this ability to the Spy class, who is able to dress as any friendly or enemy character class. Opposing players see the model he is disguised as, but his allies see the Spy model in a cheap cardboard mask of the class he's impersonating.
 * Red Faction features a slightly more realistic version in which your disguise will only stand up if you avoid getting closer than about ten feet to an enemy guard/camera for longer than around a second (you're basically public enemy #1 at this point).
 * Even though it may be faster to run through guns blazing, you still need to switch clothing. The second time around, feel free to skip the disguise.
 * In Knights of the Old Republic, you have to do this twice: once, you wear a stolen Sith uniform to gain access to the lower levels of Taris, and later you have to wear Sand People's robes to safely approach a Sand People Enclave.
 * Subverted on both occasions. On Taris, the uniform only works with the upper lever guard. The lower guard demands that you show him the proper papers before you pass. On Tatooine, the Tusken Raiders realise you're an imposter on closer inspection...somehow...
 * The EU states the since Tuskens always wear robes all the time they tell each other apart with their gaderffiis (and banthas) since no two are alike, so to them you're basicly wearing a name tag.
 * Planescape: Torment allows the main character several methods of escape from the beginning "dungeon"—including stealing one of the "guard's" uniforms or getting oneself disguised as a zombie (which are commonplace). Both of which result in the only change to the character's outward appearance (aside from what kind of weapon he's holding) in the entire game.
 * Used twice in Metroid Prime 3: Corruption. Early in the game, shapeshifter Gandrayda gets the drop on a squadron of pirates by disguising herself as one.
 * A major part of the Chapter 2 story mission in Final Fantasy X-2 revolves finding and stealing the appropriate mook-gear to infiltrate the enemies hideout in Guadosalam. Despite the fact that this is mentioned during several of the battles with the mook's bosses, they never realize that those stolen uniforms are being used for infiltration even when you're talking to the mook's bosses in the base.
 * To be fair, the uniforms are fully covering and Yuna says only a few lines while in disguise. Also the Syndicate leaders aren't the smartest people in the game anyway.
 * This is one of the most common gameplay mechanics in the Hitman series. No matter who you knock out, their clothes will always fit, and the others will never notice that their friend is now a bald white guy with a barcode tattooed on his head.
 * As much as the series loves prison break chapters, only Fire Emblem: Path of Radiance has a character pull this off:
 * In Grand Theft Auto: Vice City, one mission includes you and Lance Vance beating up two cops and taking their uniforms. They fit perfectly, although Tommy Vercetti complains that it's "a bit tight around the crotch".
 * One of the missions in Bully has Jimmy put on an Aquaberry sweater and posh hairdo to infiltrate the Preppies fraternity house.
 * Funny that he can change his length of hairstyle at will, despite having a buzz cut. The magic of video games!
 * And don't even ask about some of the disguises that Leisure Suit Larry fits in. Granted, it's all parody, but still, the Vegas-style showgirl outfit????
 * Happens multiple times in Mother 3, and two times the enemy helps you disguise yourself. When the team infiltrates Thunder Tower, the Pig Masks mistake Lucas for their commander, and give him his "usual" clothes, and Pigmask outfits for the rest of the party. Later, Lucas and Boney infiltrate the Chimera Labs and are given Pigmask uniforms to complete their masquerade as part-time workers.
 * Some missions in Medal of Honor games require dressing up as a German officer and displaying credentials to gain access to valuable targets like a submarine or rail gun. Someone always eventually sees through your disguise.
 * Kinda parodied in Rising Sun where you have to steal one officer's uniform, and upon showing the pass for the officer on railroad station's door, looks at you for a moment and says: "Damn, that just must be other photo of you!" and opens door for you.
 * In Light Crusader, you get a goblin costume that you use to sneak past guards.
 * In Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door, Princess Peach dons an X-Naut uniform in order to get information from her captor. The disguise is flawless, despite X-Nauts being around half of Peach's height.
 * In Mario & Luigi: Partners In Time,
 * Used in the third Sly Cooper game to sneak past mooks. They still grill you for a 'password', but won't attack.
 * In Perfect Dark Joanna was able to dress up like a Scientist, and a Flight Attendant in order to sneak into a Lab where an Alien was about to be dissected, and Air Force One.
 * World of Warcraft features a few opportunities to disguise yourself as an enemy, usually only for the duration of a quest. There's also a very rare item that allows the player to disguise themselves as the enemy player faction (A Horde Player becomes disguised as the Alliance and an Alliance player becomes disguised as the Horde, respectively). Creative-minded players have even gone to the trouble of purposefully not completing those quests where a Disguise item is provided, and have used it in various ways, such as pranks, getting the drop on an enemy player (which is playing this trope straight), or just for fun.
 * This occurs in the beginning of Half-Life 2. Barney is officially a Civil Protection officer, which leads Gordon (and by extension, the player) to initially believe he has been captured when Barney helps him escape.
 * In Call Of Duty 4, your squad briefly takes the uniforms of enemy soldiers to ambush a convoy. Griggs comments that "you look like a clown in that outfit."
 * One level of Call Of Duty: Black Ops has you and some teammates steal uniforms from enemy soldiers that you kill.
 * A major controversy erupted over a level in 4's sequel, in which the player goes undercover as a terrorist, infiltrates the villain's group, and then helps (optionally, the player can choose not to) open fire on dozens of innocent civilians at a Russian airport. However, the villain appears to be too Genre Savvy,.
 * In StarFox: Adventures, after a certain point in the game, Fox gets a Sharptooth disguise, which although it allows him to open certain doors and not get attacked by the enemy, leaves him unable to use Krystal's staff.
 * In Sniper Elite the player character, Karl, an American soldier is dressed in German gear (as a sniper this is very useful). Unfortunately he's mostly fighting the Russians.
 * Prototype takes this one step further: not only can you dress up as the enemy, you can become the enemy by consuming them whole.
 * In Pokémon HeartGold and SoulSilver, in which the main character has to dress as a member of Team Rocket to infiltrate the building they just took over. It actually makes sense that it works. Too bad your rival shows up and blows your cover.
 * In the Pokémon Special manga, this happens a bit more often.
 * Looker, being a spy and all, does this a few times.
 * One part of the 2007 fangame Pokémon Illusion requires the player to put on a Team Rocket outfit for infiltration purposes. Whoops!
 * Way back in Ecco II: Tides of Time, you gained the ability to transform into various enemy creatures using the Asterite's metaspheres. Doing so made them oblivious to your presence (generally foes that either cluttered the screen or could kill you instantly) -- but you would also be attacked by other dolphins in the area.
 * In Tales of Symphonia the healer of the group  dress up as Desians to infiltrate one of their ranches to destroy.
 * EverQuest: Secrets of Faydwer features a task called "Disrupt the Workshop", in which you are required to disguise yourself with a clockwork gnome illusion. This allows you to walk freely throughout S.H.I.P. Workshop without drawing the attention of most of its otherwise hostile inhabitants. Since you are allowed to refresh the disguise at will as long as the task is in your journal, this can be abused to make any endeavors in the zone much easier.
 * Formerly shown in the trope's image example, we have Milanor of Yggdra Union. During the Save the Princess chapter of the story, there are two battlefields where he dons Imperial armor in order to infiltrate the fortress of Karona and look for Yggdra (the armor is given to him by a would-be traitor who's trying to get a specific prisoner freed). During the former battlefield, Milanor cannot do battle when disguised because the stationed soldiers all recognize him right away; your other forces have to sneak in after him and cause a distraction to let him slip through. His disguise is also seen through immediately by the sole guard of the prison, but because there's only one of her and you're between her and backup, you're able to fight and defeat her instead of getting a game over.
 * The original Castle Wolfenstein allowed you to dress as a German soldier to sneak by the Nazi guards. Unfortunately, the SS Soldiers will immediately recognize you anyway.
 * Fallout: New Vegas lets you disguise yourself with certain factions' armor, which causes those factions to think you're a friendly, but also makes their enemies hostile as well. In other words, walking into an NCR Outpost wearing Caesar's Legion armor is a good way to get yourself ventilated.
 * This was after the aversion in Fallout 3; on the way to see the President in Raven Rock, it's very possible to mug an isolated Enclave soldier for issue weapon and armor. They don't react any differently, and your impersonation isn't lampshaded or handwaved.
 * Assassin's Creed II has dressing as a guard and carrying a chest to meet . Assassin's Creed Brotherhood also has a mission that involves dressing as a guard and carrying a chest to meet , as well as dressing as a Frenchman alongside Bartolomeo's men to infiltrate the French camp.
 * Early FPS/RPG Strife has a mission were you need to locate an officer's uniform before you can infiltrate an Order base without setting off all the alarms.
 * Command & Conquer Red Alert 2 and 3 have the Allied spy unit which can do this. The Imperial Sudden Transport from Command & Conquer: Red Alert 3 can disguise itself as an enemy vehicle.
 * StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty features an alien organism, called "changeling", which is capable of assuming the identity of the enemy race, clothes and all, and do some recon. Units won't be able to spot or attack the changeling without the player's direct intervention in the form of explicit order to attack what appears to be an ally.
 * Space Quest has you do this in homage to the Stormtrooper disguise in Star Wars, although in this case, Roger is fortunate enough to enter the Sarien base near a laundry room. Later, you lose the helmet and blow your cover.
 * Covert Front has a scene where Kara has to dress in German officer's clothing so that she can drive past a German checkpoint safely. This all hinges on none of the soldiers getting a good look at her and realizing that she is not only a woman, but also the spy whose photograph is plastered over all their bases; once in Lisbon, Kara still has to avoid all the soldiers guarding the roads.
 * Covert Action during break-ins enables the disguise when the player character moves over a knocked out guard, and cancels if there's an alarm. This doesn't always fool the adversaries - if they see the agent in a far corner of the room, turned away and looking at a very interesting wall, it works, but if they meet the agent face to face in the door, or catch on something suspicious (like safe-cracking or attacking another guard), they'll raise an alarm.

Web Comics

 * Subverted in Antihero for Hire. While the protagonist wears a Mantis Agent's outfit, which conceals the individual from head to toe, the Mantis use electronic and DNA based identification systems, and is immediately recognized as an intruder.
 * Played straight here then subverted later here with a beautiful Oh Crap moment by Shadehawk followed by a Precision F-Strike.
 * Played with in this Sluggy Freelance strip.
 * Done again later in the same Story Arc.
 * Subverted (notice a pattern?) in Another Gaming Comic - the player characters done cultist robes, but the Genre Savvy villain has magicked said robes to alert him and all of his other cultists to the fact.
 * Sojueilo, Thomil and Mijuu of Juathuur disguise themselves as Solluu in order to infiltrate Erab Adur.
 * In The Dreamer, Alan dresses up as a redcoat to rescue Beatrice from Gen. Howe's ship.
 * Liquid of Last Days Of Foxhound had to dress up as a mook to break into the fortress. He didn't really fool anyone.
 * Bob and George Bass needs a disguise
 * Wayward Sons: A number of Ulympeans do this while infiltrating Egypt. Having a Master of Illusion on your side doesn't hurt, either.
 * In Tales Of Gnosis College, Professor Corwin and Li Anwei escape from Federal custody by expropriating the gear of the Gas Mask Mooks in Senator Madder's "security detail."
 * Inverted and played with in Our Little Adventure. While Brian Souballo doesn't impersonate any of the heroes of the story, he magically impersonates a neutral wizard he tried and failed to recruit to his side. The Emperor goes to the very elven metropolis he's planning on invading and commits a mass murder while disguised as the neutral wizard. This way if the wizard goes to the city to warn the elves, he will instead be arrested.
 * Devil Bear had the Daivas disguised as Virtue Bear Gas Mask Mooks. This was… less than convincing. But at least got them close enough.

Web Original

 * In The Gamers Alliance, the heroes of the Alliance use stolen black cleric robes to infiltrate a city held by the Clergy of Mardük during the Great War. The plan would've been a smashing success if one of them wasn't a mole working for the clergy and leading them into a trap.
 * Borman's idea for getting Yaeger near The Mercury Men's Gravity Engine.

Western Animation

 * Spoofed in an episode of Family Guy, where Peter beats up a bellhop and robs him of his uniform (which doesn't fit) only to be informed that the person they're after doesn't know who they are, making that unnecessary. Fortunately, another man wearing the exact same outfit as Peter happens to walk by.
 * In "Road to Germany", Stewie, Brian, and Mort stole Nazi uniforms (with Mc Cain Palin button on Stewie's uniform) to infiltrate a nuclear facility.
 * Spoofed in an episode of The Simpsons, in which, while trying to sneak out of Vegas away from their new wives, Homer and Ned Flanders pull two janitors into a broom closet to rob them of their uniforms. Punching sounds are audible, and the two janitors walk out content, leaving a beat-up Homer and Flanders.
 * Similarly, in "Burns Baby Burns" Homer and Larry Burns are fleeing from the suddenly half-competent Police (who believe Homer to have kidnapped Larry), and duck into a costume store. The viewer is then shown a man who looks quite a bit like Homer, dressed as an organ-gridner leaving the store with a vaguely Larry-shaped man dressed as his monkey. The subversion comes when we see the clerk look into the store's bathroom, where Homer and Larry are actually hiding: "Either buy a costume or get out, fellas!"
 * A similar thing happens in Scary Movie 4, where the would-be clothes stealers are themselves beaten up and have to settle for garments on a clothesline instead.
 * In the two-part pilot of Where in the World Is Carmen Sandiego?, it is revealed in Carmen's origin that her trademark red overcoat and fedora come from when she first escaped V.I.L.E., stealing them from the Bookkeeper in order to leave the facility during a lockdown.
 * Turning the trick around, in Avatar: The Last Airbender "The Earth King", the Fire Nation antagonists dressed up as allies of the protagonists.
 * Played straight in the first half of season 3 when the Gaang travels though the Fire Nation in local outfits, change their hair styles and Aang even uses a fake name (Kuzon; and when Sokka doesn't he's given away instantly).
 * Also in "The Boiling Rock", Sokka and disguise themselves as prison guards. Cue icons of Suki delivering Princess Leia's line.
 * Dressing as the enemy gets Sokka into to trouble twice with the very people he was trying to rescue, by not identifying himself to them. Suki punches him into the door, Hakoda almost does.
 * Aang adds a hat to hide his arrow tattoo when the Gaang dons the Fire Nation garb again in "The Ember Island Players," although Zuko's costume needs work.
 * Subverted in the season 1 finale, when a Water Tribe warrior uses antique Fire Nation armor to infiltrate the flagship, and when he tries to kill the admiral, he gets offhand backhanded. Although that was probably less because of a failure of his disguise than because he pulled off his helmet and declared himself before attacking.
 * Danny and Tucker briefly disguises themselves as two ghost henchmen in Danny Phantom to rescue Sam from marrying a ghostly prince, much to her dismay as she was orchestrating her own method of escaping just fine.
 * Done in the "Baloo Thunder" episode of Tale Spin with Baloo, Kit, and their friend Buzz the inventor taking the place of a Corrupt Corporate Executive 's three security guards in order to return a top secret prototype helicopter to its rightful home. Baloo perfectly fits into a uniform even though he's at least twice the size of the largest guard. Also, the bad guy doesn't notice his feline guards replaced by two bears and a bird until it's too late.
 * In an episode of Quack Pack, Dewey and Louie don the clothes of the human henchmen of the stock villain of the week (some weird pale-faced woman bent on world domination) in order to rescue their brother Huey and foil her evil scheme. Once again, the bad guy in question doesn't notice the species difference.
 * A common occurrence in the various G.I. Joe series.
 * It's particulary common in G.I. Joe: Renegades, as the Joes (who are a small group of outlaws in this incarnation]]) frequently inflitrate COBRA Industries to try and find evidence of the company's crimes, and their Cool Car is a stolen advanced COBRA truck, that can change colour and marking to blend in as any truck.
 * Played so painfully straight in one episode of Mighty Max. Needing to dress as members of a cult, Max, Norman, and Virgil mug some average-size cultists and steal their robes. It's worth noting that Norman is over 7 feet tall and heavily muscled, Max is a skinny kid, and Virgil is a four foot tall chicke...er...fowl. The robes, of course, fit perfectly.
 * A frequent issue for Darkwing Duck; it seems Saint Canard thinks anyone in the purple suit, cape, and hat is Darkwing. Very annoying when your Evil Twin does this, of course.
 * Jonny Quest TOS episode "The Fraudulent Volcano". Dr. Quest and Race do this while escaping the enemy base.
 * The Herculoids
 * "The Crystalites". Zandor, Gloop and Gleep knock out some guards and enter the title opponents' fortress dressed in their uniforms.
 * "Ruler of the Reptons". After knocking out several reptanks, several Herculoids use the tanks' shells as disguises to approach the enemy base.
 * Played dead straightin The Venture Brothers by the original Team Venture in "Past Tense". Unfortunately this means a squad of elderly men in Fanservicey FemBot swimsuits.
 * The Powerpuff Girls episode "Bubble Boy" has Rowdyruff Boy Boomer captured by the girls. Bubbles impersonates him and infiltrates the Rowdyruffs in a bid to capture the other two. It's a nine-day wonder that Butch and Brick didn't catch on to Bubbles' noticeably higher voice and lighter eye color.

Real Life

 * Thousands of Truth in Television examples. Not counting false flag stuff, the 1976 rescue of a large number of Israeli hostages from Entebbe, Uganda had elements of this. Note the movie adaptations.
 * A number of German soldiers who dressed in American uniforms in late 1944 were summarily court-martialled and executed when caught.
 * The American Civil War battle at Pilot Knob ended with the union soldiers blowing up their cache of ammo and powder, and evacuating the fort under cover of night and rain wearing confederate uniforms.
 * It's not actually illegal per se to dress in your enemy's uniform while engaging in hostile acts, but it does mean that you are not a soldier in combat, which means you're an enemy combatant, and the other side can do to you as they wish after they capture you.
 * It is however illegal to engage in perfidy (opening you to war crimes charges), which is using a hospital or truce sign to wage war.
 * In nature, Batesian Mimicry is when a harmless species mimics a harmful one, for example, a moth larva looking like a snake head.
 * This was the main modus operandi of the Selous Scouts, a Rhodesian special operations unit that would capture terrorists, turn them against their comrades (usually by giving them the choice between that and death) and then send them back to become The Mole. With them, of course, would be white Rhodesian officers or NCOs disguised as black terrorists.
 * Navies love this trope. During the Age of Sail, a popular tactic was to raise enemy colours (or, if you were really sneaky, a plague flag) and only lower them at the moment of firing. Died out after advanced naval gunnery and explosive shells meant that it was common practice to sink enemy vessels rather than capture them (the deception only worked if the disguised ship pretended to be a captured enemy one). Still the British raid on St Nazaire used this, flying a German ensign from the HMS Campbeltown. It worked.
 * A particularily funny example from World War I also combined with Because I'm Jonesy. The British and Germans both employed armed merchant ships (the Germans used them to attack British shipping, the British to hunt down German raiders), and often used fake markings, false smokestacks, and other elements to disguise them as the other side's ship. In the 1914 Battle of Trindade, the German SMS Cap Trafalgar encountered the British RMS Carmania, both of which were disguised. The problem was that not only was Cap Trafalgar disguised as Carmania, Carmania was also disguised as Cap Trafalgar. At that early point in the war, neither side actually knew which merchant ships the other had converted into auxiliary cruisers, and thus both ships' captains made poor choices of disguise.
 * The Union soldier who, when taken to the Andersonville prison camp, traded his shirt for a guard's. The guard was happy to have a shirt that was in one piece. A few days later the same soldier traded his pants to another guard, and, as he was now in a Confederate uniform, just walked out.