Random Number God



""If a statistician hands you a die insisting that 'any given roll has the same odds of rolling a one or a twenty', it means he's handing you a depleted die in the hopes of taking advantage of you. Don't fall for it!""

- Shamus Young, DM of the Rings

A statistician can tell you that properly generated random numbers will follow a discrete uniform distribution, giving you a roughly equal chance of rolling very good or very bad numbers. They may wax eloquent about how pseudo-random numbers are generated in computers, and how dice are wonderful randomizers. A good statistician will even disabuse you of the notion that a six sided die has a 1/6 chance to land on any one side; most dice are not built to that kind of precision. (Casino craps table dice are. They're also more expensive.) But it's going to be close to even distribution, even with a cheap die.

A gamer, either of the tabletop or video variety, will tell you that this is all a load of dingo's kidneys. The characters that gamers play live and die on good or bad rolls, and even if your dice are perfectly square and uniform, even if your game uses cryptographically strong random numbers, these numbers do not follow "distributions" or "probabilities." Instead, they usually produce whatever number you really didn't want. A tabletop gamer may say that "the dice are trying to kill" him if he encounters a long set of bad rolls (e.g. broke every weapon he was carrying). Unless, of course, you know the proper way to placate the Random Number God: then the dice will smile upon you. Usually.

The name of this trope comes from Angband's and Nethack's fanbases (coined in the Angband fanbase, spread by Nethack's), as a fanciful expansion of "RNG", for "Random Number Generator"; both games are partially Luck Based Missions, considering how many Instant Deaths there are, and the players of both games have been known to build altars to the "Random Number God" or curse his/her/its name. Or both.

Some games try to cut out the nonsense by supplying their own Luck Manipulation Mechanic. This never works. In Real Life or certain other situations, a Two-Headed Coin can masquerade as a mere minion of the Random Number God up until The Reveal.

Comic Books

 * In Knights of the Dinner Table, related to Hackmaster, a character was once beaten to a pulp for touching another gamer's dice. He was blinded by a cupful of soda and then was on the receiving end of a flying tackle. No one (except Sara) thought that this was uncalled for, as "that's one dice squirrel who'll think twice before touching another man's dice!"
 * The attacker in that scenario was the 5'3" pencil-necked Bob Herzog, and the man who touched his dice was the 6'11" ex-marine Nitro Ferguson, and every time the event is referenced (the fight itself was never shown) it is strongly implied that Nitro got hurt at least as bad as Bob did.
 * In the strip, they even outlined a "dice cleansing" ritual, used to banish bad luck from the character's dice.
 * Many dice superstitions are explored in this strip. Bob refers to his dice by name, keeps them segregated according to purpose and game genre. Dave refers frequently to having his section of the table "trained" the way he likes it for dice rolling. All of the Knights, even the sensible Sara, have dice rolling styles. But the most infamous incident had Brian and Bob "fame-rubbing" their dice on Gary Jackson's corpse (a "legendary RPG creator" pastiche of Gary Gygax and Steve Jackson) to charge them with good luck. This backfired because Gary, being dead, was obviously out of good luck, and all the fame rubbed dice performed poorly in game play. (Or possibly because )
 * The actual pen-and-paper role-playing game, Hackmaster (written by the authors of the comic, naturally) enshrines a lot of these dice superstitions in its rules. Included on one page are prints of the signatures of the game's (fictional) creators, complete with instructions for how to empower dice with them.

Game Books

 * Lone Wolf had the dreaded Random Number Table, a grid in the back of each book numbered 0-9, that you had to use whenever you were in combat or were just trying not to get killed by some random. A few gave you bonuses based on Disciplines and equipment, but many more would gladly kill you if you didn't get a seven or higher.
 * In many of those cases, not having that discipline would be even worse off as Lone Wolf would gleefully leap into deadly ambushes, activate ancient traps, fail to notice certain death curses or swallow poison whole. Giving you a 7-or-higher chance to live was actually the better path to follow in those events.
 * The thing is, the Random Number Table really WAS very much skewed and not really random, considering that the numbers in the grid are in a fixed position and you could more or less "aim" for sections of the RNT which were more likely to grant a favorable result. With practice, you could pull out a 0,1 or 9 anytime you wanted.

Literature

 * Midkemia has two gods worshipped by gamblers: lady luck Ruthia, and mischief god Banath. They know to never invoke Ruthia's name to get good luck, because, the fickle lady that she is, might just give you the opposite of what you wanted instead.
 * Discworld has an actual Random Number Goddess, but trying to curry her favour is not a smart move. The Lady (Always "The Lady", she will never come to those who use her name ) does not appreciate being invoked—gamblers who try to worship her directly always seem to die in strange and unlikely (not to mention unlucky) ways. It is said that she has a soft spot for hopeless cases, but relying on this would be a spectacularly bad idea.
 * Malazan Book of the Fallen has Oponn, the twins of chance (one increases your luck, and the other decreases it, but you don't know which you'll get if they bless you). One character unthinkingly named his sword Chance (and as a result has it blessed by them), and most every intelligent character he ever meets advises him to either break it or pass it to his worst enemy if his luck ever turns.
 * In God's Debris, God Is Dead, having killed Himself at the moment of the Big Bang. However, He left behind matter ("God-Dust") and probability. Said probability determines how matter moves and evolves, effectively being the Random Number God. Despite its seeming randomness, the probability's final goal is.

Live-Action TV

 * In a season 5 episode of Big Bang Theory, Sheldon makes all of his decisions on a 2d20 roll.

Tabletop Games

 * In the back of the Hackmaster 2nd Edition rulebook, there's actually a list of various dice rituals that are prescribed for the game, including rubbing the dice clockwise for higher rolls and counter clockwise for lower rolls.
 * A number of bizarre good luck superstitions have arisen in the Warhammer 40,000 community, such as never calling missile launchers by their proper name (it has the word "miss" in it), the idea that painted models are luckier than unpainted models, and the practice of occasionally muttering prayers to the Emperor. Never taken seriously, but often endearing.
 * Don't ever say "anything but an X." The more important the roll is, the higher the chance that you will get that X. Most players have lost more games by saying "anything but an X" than by bad strategy.
 * Also worth mentioning are the Chaos gods' chosen numbers. Chaos players used to get bonuses for fielding units of a certain size based on which god you were using. Slaanesh was 6, Nurgle 7, Khorne 8, Tzeentch 9, Malal 11, the idea being that the Chaos god makes the characters more lucky as long as they spend time in their chosen number. Modern versions of the game, for the sake of simplicity, have removed this rule.
 * Never use a dice that has just rolled a good result for a subsequent roll. For example, don't use the dice that just scored hits when rolling to decide wounds. These dice have used up their supply of luck and will not produce good results a second time.
 * A player will say, "I never seem to roll as well as I just did." A statistician will say, "Well, duh. Regression to the mean. You just had a lucky break, so the same entirely random process is very likely to produce a lower value simply because most possible values are lower." Both are correct. The player will usually retort, "Whatever," and produce another fifty dice. Warhammer40000 players always have enough dice, just never enough dakka.
 * Ork players are advised to use green dice for standard rolls ("green iz best"), red dice for moving through terrain ("coz da red ones go fasta"), and ("lucky") blue dice for critical rolls. Buy in bulk.
 * And of course, Tzeentch is the universe's Random Number God—he is the god of hope, ambition, change, fate and chance. The fact that he happens to be a Chaos God who liberally hands out tentacles and other mutations to his followers both as boons and punishments should tell us something about the nature of the universe.
 * It is also recommended, as the melta is one of the most powerful anti-armor weapons a troop can carry, that it never be referred to as such, as firing a melta weapon is an exercise in comedic inaccuracy. Simply referring to which model is firing should suffice. And never use Meltaguns against infantry. They might be great for blowing up tanks, but they against infantry you're guaranteed to roll a 1.
 * For the uninitiated, the game also sports something called Mathhammer, whereby anyone who can perform simple probability calculations about six-sided dice can figure out the expected results of any particular attack offhand. Naturally, anyone who engages in a quick Mathhammer calculation shouldn't do it aloud; you can't believe the superior chuckling of those who don't understand probability if you're even one off in your calculations.
 * Some Eldar players mutter prayers to Khaine, or to Cegorach if using Harlequins.
 * Another Games Workshop game, Blood Bowl, features the Random Number God directly, in both fluff and play. His name is Nuffle.
 * Neither thank nor curse Nuffle. You'll be punished either way.
 * In the Wuxia RPG Weapons Of The Gods, observed good or bad luck with the dice can be utilized as a game effect, discovering that the character is under a curse or blessing which can then be either increased to add actual bonuses or used to create a balancing effect of the opposite type.
 * The system itself also features the River mechanic, designed to mitigate the influence of the RNG. You can take dice results out of a role and store them for later use, so if you make an awesome roll on a trivial task, or roll two sets when you only need one, you can set some aside and break them out later when you screw up something important.
 * The Red Dragon Inn provides an in depth (and tongue in cheek) tutorial on how to make the dice roll high numbers.
 * In Arkham Horror, the Random Number God might be the real Eldritch Abomination that you battle against.

Video Games

 * In Call of Duty:World at War(as well as Black Ops), the zombie killing "Survival" mode often involves a fair amount of spending credits earned by killing the aforementioned undead to take a spin on the weapon box, which awards a random weapon to the player. Since every gun in the mode can spawn there and the money is paid regardless of if you TAKE the gun, one must pray to the RNG.
 * This concept is taken to extremes in Kingdom of Loathing, where the RNG is a conscious entity that has its own account and frequents the various chat rooms. Those who please the RNG in some way may find themselves "Blessed by the RNG", whereas those who annoy it (especially by begging for a blessing) may find themselves "Cursed by the RNG" (both of which are active character effects). Because KoL game mechanics rely heavily on random number generation, and because KoL effects are rarely explicitly defined, there is still a significant debate over whether or not the Blessing and/or Curse actually affect a player's RNG-based "luck" in the game, or if it's just a red herring.
 * A player may also be "Blessed by The RNG" by sending a gift package with an 8-ball, and a look in The RNG's display case may reveal other effective sacrifices.
 * One particular area that makes players rage to the RNG: the F'c'le. In order to earn Pirate Fledges and be able to access the Obligatory Pirate Cove without wearing fairly weak equipment (the Fledges themselves are actually pretty strong), you must defeat three specific enemy types in this area, pick up their random drops, and use them. Every KoL player can regale you with stories of spending hundreds of adventures praying for the right enemy to show up, or, alternatively, having all three enemies show up in turn and give up their items in a row. The RNG in the F'c'le is an extremely fickle godling, and no one can predict its mood on a given day.
 * In the Roguelike communities where the term originated, finding a very good item early in the game is a sure sign that the rest of it is going to be a hellish struggle against the wrath of the Random Number God. It's given you your one good thing, now it's going to do its damnedest to kill you.
 * The ultimate item in this is an Amulet of Life Saving, which effectively gives you an extra life (in Roguelikes, if you die, that's normally it—your (one) save game is erased). If you find one of these early, rest assured the game is going to maneuver you into a situation where even instant resurrection will not help you. After all, if something is tough enough to kill you once, it can probably do it a second time... Paradoxically, "lucky finds" like this that should improve your chances of survival will just make players incredibly paranoid and even more cautious.
 * Added as a character in TOME (and its parent game, Z Angband). Random Number Gods are weak, annoying, fast multiplying monsters that drop decent loot—and cause confusion.
 * In some roguelikes, the random number generator is known to get locked into generating the same number repeatedly for an extended period of time more often than probability would suggest it would happen, so seeing a 1.7% chance happen 10 times in a row is not unheard of, especially when you are on the wrong end of it. Ouch. Of course, this is normally because, when you're on the right end of it, you don't need a second chance. Your critical hits are basically kills, but when Everything Is Trying To Nibble You To Death...
 * Starting characters in Angband and its offshoots are very dependent on the Random Number God smiling favorably due to the lack of abilities and equipment. Character deaths on the first few floors happen very often, requiring a few do-overs before being able to finally survive.
 * Players of Magic: The Gathering Online revere Grog, Goblin Shuffler.
 * We of the Final Fantasy Tactics online simulator Super Tact pay our sacrificed goats to her most revered Random Number Goddess.
 * Anyone who has ever played Fire Emblem will curse his name. No exceptions.
 * Just for those who don't know, if a character dies in Fire Emblem they're Killed Off for Real, and can't ever been used again. Think you can take that guy who has only a 1% chance of landing a critical hit? Think again.
 * In some games, the sequence of random numbers generated after a save is always the same, allowing for a degree of predictability. Proper manipulation of the RNG is key to any Fire Emblem Speed Run.
 * Path of Radiance actually features an instance where the RNG can be made to work for you, instead of on his own whims, with the Bonus Experience. Got a character that really needs consistent growths in certain stats? Simply save your game right before giving them the Bonus Experience, the only time when you can consistently A) save your game, and B) have a character gain a level without any other factors at play; if you didn't like the stats they gained, no problem! You can reset the game and try again as many times as you want, until the character gets the desired stats. And then the sequel, Radiant Dawn, allowed quick saving (except on Hard), so you could do this same thing whenever you wanted, in battle! Foolish, Random Number God. Foolish.
 * Quick saving was also present in Fire Emblem 4: Genealogy of the Holy War. That said, FE 4 had the "Use Exact Same Strings" method, as well as a Bug would cause the game to run out of Numbers during Arena combat, resulting in level-ups with no stat gains. Which are really bad.
 * Various theories point to the RNG being a Random Number Goddess, specifically Anna, an NPC (one who has appeared in every game, sometimes with her husband Jake... who always has above-average stats). The "his" above may not be accurate for this reason.
 * The RNG manifests in the browser RPG game Billy vs. SNAKEMAN as a monster that players in a village (read: clan) can fight. While all other monsters of that class have accurate Hit Points displays, the RNG has nonsensical numbers or words to represent remaining and total life. It also shows up during The Festival, where it runs a game where you roll ten dice; anything higher than a one gets you an obscenely valuable item. The item cannot be obtained there because you only ever roll ten ones. Getting it actually requires completing an entirely different quest.
 * Players who have become aware of higher-dimensional spaces may start to briefly encounter the RNG in other locations, and one of the more traumatic experiences during a quest is briefly seeing it in its true form.
 * In World of Warcraft, it's customary to use the /roll command a few times before rolling for a specific piece of equipment to please the Random Number God and to get the low numbers "out of the way". In addition, there are persistent (but frequently debunked) rumors that the game seeds the random number generator according to specific criteria, including, but not limited to, the raid leader, the first person entering the dungeon and/or the number of damage-over-time spells (more dots!) on the boss.
 * That's ridiculous. Everyone knows that the dice will only favor you if you A) contributed the least of anyone to the party/raid, B) can't use or shouldn't be using the item in question, or C) have someone else present who has waited for the random drop for months. These effects are cumulative, and if all three are true you're almost guaranteed to win. The Random Number God of WoW is a sadistic bastard.
 * It is possible to increase the odds of a desired gear piece to drop by spending a lot of gold on ridiculously expensive gear enchantments or gems to enhance the piece you desperately want to replace, or to buy a lesser temporary substitute at the auction house (or the crafting materials to have one made by a blacksmith). Ask any player, everyone has a tale of spending a fortune on a piece of gear only to have a better one drop magically in their hands not one day later.
 * It's also not unheard of for someone to get an upgrade on their first try as long as another member of the party has been attempting to get a drop from the same boss for a long amount of time. It's not just sadistic, it's pure evil.
 * A needed upgrade for a raid member will often drop week after week in their absence, only to never be seen when they do show up.
 * Or worse, an item that no one can use after the first week will drop every. Single. Week.
 * God help you if your prep roll yields a 100 or similar high value; that was the only one gifted to you by the RNG this month.
 * As a tank, God help you if your prep roll was over 15. Tanks have by far the worst luck rolling on anything, and you aren't likely to top 15
 * Suikoden has trouble with this at times. There's a cup shuffling game where the dealer always follows a specific pattern every time you quit and play. However, there's another game that involves throwing three die. Despite the fact that the odds of getting very good rolls (three of the same number other than one, or a straight of 4-5-6) or very bad rolls (all 1's or a straight of 1-2-3) should be low, you'll find that you and the computer will get these combinations very frequently. Murphy's Law of course will turn what should be a 1/216 chance into 1/3. Also, a ground rule is that you must roll something valid in three turns (i.e., you automatically lose if you roll three "no scores"), the computer will always roll something valid on the third turn (even if it's one of the dice going out of bounds).
 * The poker minigame in Tales of Vesperia has a rigged RNG. It's very easy to win once, but if you try to double your earnings, the RNG makes your life horrible. The higher the value of your hand is (i.e. straights, flushes, full houses, etc.), then the more the RNG will screw you. If you bet 'Low' on a King or Queen, then there's a very high chance you'll get an Ace or Joker. Vice versa applies to betting 'High' on threes or fours. And even if you have a relatively low value hand (Three of a kind, two pairs), the RNG screw up kicks in at about the fifth time you want to double your earnings. Roughly 90% of the time, you'll lose by betting low on Kings and Queens, while you'll have a 50% chance if you bet high.
 * Anyone who has ever played EverQuest and attempted to level tradeskills beyond a certain point knows that the RNG is a spiteful beast that hates you. There is a reason the premier crafting forum has the appropriately named Primal Scream Room...
 * Players of City of Heroes will notice that, after extended periods of time, you will miss with several attacks in a row despite your accuracy hovering from anywhere between 75% to 95% (the highest possible). Clearly the Random Number God at work. As opposed to, say, you just having an unlucky streak of rolls which is nearly guaranteed to happen the longer you play the game. Nope, the Random Number God definitely woke up with a hangover that morning and decided to take it out on you. It ended up being such that the developers turned the RNG into a quasi-RNG: If the random distribution did not meat the ideal after a certain amount of time (generally meaning that a player missed a lot), it would force favorable results until it did.
 * Save Scumming at the dice minigame in Jade Empire results in the Random Number God coming to blow off the GM's head.
 * The Monster Hunter fandom has come to the conclusion that the series has a sadistic, psychic, "desire-based" RNG for determining how often a really rare item Randomly Drops, also known as the desire sensor.. It will skew the odds out of your favor if your really want something, and the only way to end your curse is to not want it. You can't act like you don't want it, you have to actually not need it; the system is immune to reverse psychology. So if you spend hours farming the same giant monster for its armor plating, you may go through fifty corpses without seeing one, but you'll end up swimming in the stuff once you give up and move on to a different goal. The only other way to appease it may be petting the pig.
 * Given that the engine knows the characters' profiles, quests, recipes and any discovered players' paths, the implementation of a sadistic "you'll always get stuck with only nineteen bear asses" drop routine is easy. In fact, it would be a usual semi-random drop with reversed adjustments. So the question is whether it's really that random, or not.
 * In Pokémon games, there is a chance of encountering a "Shiny" Pokemon. This is actually just a normal Pokemon with a recolor and a sparkle animation when it enters combat, but they are highly sought-after nonetheless, just because they are so extraordinarily rare. How rare? The odds of encountering a shiny Pokemon in a random wild battle is approximately 1/8192. Couple that with the odds of capturing a Pokemon you've just found, and you've got one frustrating challenge. If you ever see a player with a shiny Pokemon, you can be sure they've been blessed by the Random Number God. Or they're cheaters. Or they got it at an event. Or it's a red Gyarados.
 * Players have managed to reverse-engineer the random number generator, and by methods that are technically not cheating, including precisely timing button presses and setting the Nintendo DS to a specific date and time, can significantly increase their chances of getting a Shiny Pokemon and/or one with the best possible stats.
 * However, you would still need to have a few Shinies to make this work, or you can read your save file, because one of the factors required to get a shiny is your "Secret ID," which cannot be found in the game. Thankfully, Shinies are the mainly the only thing that requires that number.
 * Pokémon is made of this trope. There's the randomness of getting the Pokemon that you want (have fun finding ones with lower than 1% encounter rates), and the randomness of Natures and IVs on top of that (and as mentioned above, the extremely rare chance of getting a Shiny). Once you have your Pokémon and use it in battle, you get to enjoy the RNG of critical hits and secondary effects of moves, like flinches or status effects, as well as the RNG of hitting at all. There's even an RNG for attack damage, which varies between 85% and 100% on a bell curve. Get unlucky and have it hit for the low end, and you might have missed a crucial KO.
 * And may Arceus help you if you encounter a shiny Pokemon with a penchant for suicide...
 * And then, there are reportedly various rituals that can be used to increase the chance of successfully catching a Pokemon after a Pokeball is thrown, such as timing pressing the A button as the Pokeball closes and every time it shakes, mashing buttons, specific taps on the DS touch screen, etc.
 * The 4X game Sword of the Stars was practically built around this trope. In addition to the usual randomly generated maps of most 4X games, the game also semi-randomly spawns various "menaces" unaligned with any race that range in threat level from Goddamn Bats to That One Boss, and even randomizes the tech tree. Some techs are considered "core" and guaranteed to be available for research to all races, most have a random chance of appearing at all for each race (with probabilities ranging from 0% to 100%, depending on the race and tech in question), and some are exclusive to particular races, and some of those aren't guaranteed to be accessible to their race in every game.
 * God Hand can be bad about this. Low on health and need a pick-me-up fast? The dice often aren't on your side.
 * Want to heal your critically hurt union inThe Last Remnant? Better damn well pray that the AI generates the heal option for you on your list of unit actions for that round.
 * Get enough assassins in Medieval Total War II or its predecessors, and it's easy to see the chances of success the computer gives you are not very accurate. Having a less than 30% chance of success means, more often than not, even eight assassins with that percentage will fail, even if attacking enemies from two separate nations. There seems to be lucky and unlucky turns, as if one assassin succeeds with a 23% chance, there is a good chance others will too, and the reverse if one with an 80% chance fails.
 * Civilization uses an RNG to resolve combat, among other things. On account of the way the system worked, this led to the famous Spearman Defeats Tank meme within the community. The problem was fixed in Civ II, but then III and IV screwed it up again (though not quite to Civ I levels).
 * Civilization IV and V at least give you the option to keep the same seed for the RNG between game loads but only for the entire match. With the same seed, you can effectively predict the future. With different seeds on each load, you can save scum all you like until something good happens.
 * Fallout: New Vegas takes this to a literal extreme in
 * In the new defunct browser based RPG Nexus War "The RNG hate my/your guts" became a bit of a meme on the forum, generally in relation to searches or hiding (i.e if you tried to hide with more than 10 AP left or REALLY needed to find a supposedly common component you would fail) more than combat which was PvP.
 * The Facebook game Empires & Allies by Zynga has this trope due to how critical hits occur. Critical Hits and more importantly Critical Kills give more loot, exp, give Ore and often Energy. They are thus VERY desirable. Players have come up with a theory that aiming for "sweet spots" on various targets grant a much higher than normal chance for a critical. This theory has not been conclusively proven or disproven.
 * The X-Universe games rely on an RNG to determine such things as NPC cargo and equipment, what enemies spawn and where they travel, and especially Boarding Party casualties. Praying to the RNG has become a Running Gag on the forums.
 * Guild Wars 2 players are intimately familiar with the deity RNGesus, who is prayed to often in mapchat and partychat right before chests or bags are opened. Ever since the phasing out of dungeon rewards the only way to make phat loot in this game is on drops, which are of course rolled on the random drop table. It's entirely possible to kill your way through half a dozen champions and a world map boss, then open all the dropped chests, and get the minimum '1 guaranteed rare' from killing a world boss and nothing else above vendor trash.

Web Comics
""Now here's an important thing, though," said Clay, pointing at the die. "Where did those 4s come from?" Wanda looked down at the little brown enchanted pyramid and shook her head. "From you. You cast upon the die." Clay grinned slyly. "So you're saying my juice had a physical effect on the way the die rolled." "Yes." "Yes and no," said Clay, grinning more broadly now. "It's not a direct effect, you see? The 4 is a Number. It had to come from somewhere.""
 * This Dork Tower strip was the beginning of an arc about scheming dice that started behaving only when the cats got a hold of them.
 * Sometimes, the power of the dice can get a little out of control. Efforts at appeasing the dice may meet with failure.
 * That was stupid. They rolled out all the 20s first.
 * A strip in Real Life Comics parodies the idea of THAC0 where the main character misses a stationary enemy that wasn't focused on him because he rolled too low to hit it.
 * There's a sort of Double Subversion to this concept, detailed in the annotations to this Darths and Droids strip, which involves "rejecting that superstitious nonsense" and instead using the laws of probability distribution:
 * 1) Take 1000 or so 20-sided dice.
 * 2) Roll each and every one of them once.
 * 3) About one-twentieth of these will have rolled 1's. Take these fifty-odd dice, and roll each of them again, once.
 * 4) Two or three of these dice will now have rolled 1 twice in a row. Statistically, the odds of rolling the same number three times on a 20-sided die is 1 in 8000, so now these dice have the 1's "rolled out of them"
 * 5) Place them in a special padded container so that they can't roll around, and you may now safely bring them out in emergencies for use for a die roll in which you really don't want a 1.
 * This is of course patent nonsense; no matter how many times in a row you get a 1, the odds of the next roll getting a one are always 1 in 20, even if it seems "overdue" for a different one.
 * It's not just nonsense, it may be totally backwards. If a d20 rolls two 1's, which is a 1 in 400 occurrence, then the dice might be flawed, and rolls 1 more often than it should.
 * The Random Number God will smite thee, unbeliever.
 * This strip demonstrates this strategy in action: The prerolled die yields a natural 1 but the Random Number God's true believers don't waver. They reason it will simply be even more lucky next time.
 * Full Frontal Nerdity carries this to a ludicrous extreme when Lewis attempts to dispose of a 'cursed' die that can seemingly only roll 1s. The die rises from the grave and the curse is so strong that every random number generation device in the world becomes incapable of generating any number other than 1.
 * In Dubious Company, after the heroes rescue Future High Priestess Sal, they return her to the the Temple of Phred. Bask in its neon glory.
 * Lampshaded in this Dilbert comic strip when he's touring a layer of hell known as Accounting.
 * In the Erfworld comic intermission, a Luckamancer discusses the mechanics behind luck-manipulation with a young Wanda :

Web Originals
""Thou art a cruel and angry God!""
 * A College Humor sketch about Tetris called "The Tetris God" involves the eponymous character manually choosing which piece will be next.

Real Life

 * Cards. When you've already drawn the ones that are good for you, they're not in the deck anymore. Notions about the Random Number God seem to grow out of expecting dice to behave like cards.
 * There are some calculations scientists perform that require truly random numbers, such that the slight predictability inherent in a computerized system is too large. For these cases a "True Random Number" generator can be purchased, which is effectively a small radio telescope tuned precisely to the frequency of the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation, as produced by the Big Bang.
 * Radioactive isotopes can also be used - set up a Geiger counter and a numeric counter, then stop the counter whenever the Geiger meter goes "beep". The time between successive radioactive decays is random, so your numbers are random.
 * http://www.fourmilab.ch/hotbits/ serves up fresh hot discarded random bits on demand, using radioactive decay.
 * Noisy diodes are also truly random, and as a benefit for computers, binary.
 * For some delicious Paranoia Fuel, ponder upon what may happen when a suitably tech-savvy adversary arranges for it to be irradiated with strong radio waves.
 * https://web.archive.org/web/20110224085515/http://www.random.org/ generates random numbers using atmospheric noise.
 * Actually getting a random number out of a truly random source is far from trivial in itself - you have to build a device that doesn't introduce any bias.
 * As this video explains, cheap dice have dull edges because they were polished in a rock tumbler. The resulting imperfections change the die's center of gravity and make it easier to roll over some edges than others. So there is a scientific explanation to this phenomenon, and a way to prevent it.
 * It also makes reference to one of the classic ways con artists can rig games: "shaving" the edges on a die (usually a casino die, since they have sharp edges to begin with). You trim off a tiny bit on the edges of whatever's opposite the side you don't want to land on. So for example, if you don't want to roll a six, you'd shave the edges of the one face. The die expends less energy rolling over the shaved edges, which skews the probability way below 1/6. (Incidentally, if you find an actual casino die that's been shaved, you could be rewarded by the state gaming commission. They take fair odds seriously. Outside of a casino, though... just remember the page quote.)
 * Another common method of messing with die odds is to cook them. You take your plastic die, put it in the microwave with the side you want to show face up, then nuke it for a couple of seconds, no more than five. The nuking causes the plastic to melt downwards a bit(thus making the die more likely to stop on that edge, since it's heavier). Done right, it's almost undetectable at casual inspection.
 * And knowing that means that your GM is justified in confiscating your dice if they seem to be unusually 'lucky'.
 * Most computer software use a Pseudo random number generator Often, a programming language's library will provide it, but for early games and applications, bugs in the implementations of pseudo random number generators caused biases. C's built-in random library is actually notable for allowing programmers to use it incorrectly and introduce biases to the numbers generated by it. Problems with how the random number seed is picked can also cause the numbers to be predictable.
 * Since random number generators are used by many security applications, their predictability can lead to serious security vulnerabilities. Which makes computing with serious security need another area of use for the aforementioned true random number generator devices.
 * Although implementation issues with random number generation itself have been largely averted with more modern games, it is still difficult to keep correct uniform distribution when picking more complicated random events, even while the actual random number generator has a good distribution. For example, consider picking a random point inside a disk, as is needed in certain games. Programmers without prior knowledge, specially amateur ones coding for a game mod can implement this random point generator in a way that there is a bias towards the center of the circle or towards its limits.
 * In Data Stage it is possible to randomly generate the same numbers as in the course book for exercises, meaning it is completely predictable.
 * Some languages, such as Q Basic, allow the programmer to generate pseudo-random numbers using the system's internal clock as the seed, so the seed will be different every time a program is started.
 * Averted with really cheap CD players. For some "random" is the playlist shuffled differently, and always that same order differently.
 * A school of thought is that nothing is truly random, but rather, very chaotic. The forces that act on an object at any given point, even if static per se, can be graphed as a fractal (an infinitely complex shape). Since everything is only capable of a certain level precision, it's impossible to get the same exact result every time because you're trying to point a spot on something that's infinitely complex.
 * It is only a school of thought, not reflecting reality. Actually, radioactive decay is truly random in the sense that nothing in the observable Universe has an effect on when an undisturbed particle will decay, and not just because of our sensors lacking enough complexity.
 * As far as we know.
 * This however is only a matter of which philosophical viewpoint you're taking, which cannot have an impact of our observation of "randomness". Using all our knowledge about the universe, we still could not predict any non random randomness (if it even existed), since we cannot observate closely enough (see Heisenberg) and we cannot compute all data from the universe without having some computing machine which is larger than the universe. So even if chance did not exist, we still will have to act and calculate as if it did. In other words - the existence non existence of randomness can never be proven since you can never assemble all required data, thus the question cannot be answered scientifically.