Literal Cliff Hanger

Cliff Hanger! Hanging from a cliff!
And that's why he's called Cliff Hanger!
Can't...hold...on...much...longer!

—Between the Lions

You're on a cliff and fall off. Unless you're a wily coyote, there will be a ledge or branch below that you can hang from. (Ignoring the fact that it's Not the Fall That Kills You). For some reason the standard cartoon canyon has dead trees growing out of the sheer rock face. It's what Cliff Hanger is named from.

Being a dead tree, it will break. Perfect timing for Take My Hand, or falling to another branch. Another variation is to have another character join you, only to overload the branch. A third variation is having an irate eagle or vulture there guarding its nest. A fourth, scaled up variant, is for it to be a Bus Full of Innocents tilting precariously on said cliff.

This also includes the urban version: hanging from a flag pole. Another way to stop the fall in with a Blade Brake. When it's too much for writers to find a decent excuse, expect Cliffhanger Copout. If the character's items or equipment fall while or before they fall, you're being given a Plummet Perspective. This is one of the building blocks of Climb, Slip, Hang, Climb.

Examples of Literal Cliff Hanger include:

Anime and Manga

Fruits Basket. At the end, Akito corners Tohru on a cliff. The cliff collapses, Tohru falls.
In a Filler episode of Ranma ½, both Akane and Ranma jump over a cliff to retrieve a MacGuffin. Ranma catches the MacGuffin, Akane catches Ranma's hand and a convenient branch on the side of the cliff.
A Crowning Moment of Heartwarming is delivered to a character in Futakoi Alternative as she is being held up by her arm by the male protagonist. She's dangling a few hundred feet above the ocean, he's trying to left her up onto a collapsing bridge.

Comic Books

Happens to Donald Duck in the Don Rosa comic Incident at McDuck Tower. After falling something like 50 meters from the top of a sky-scraper, he lands on a pole, which cracks under his weight. Just when he's about to reach a window, a bird settle on his head and the pole breaks.
Jeff Smith's Bone:

Fone Bone: Those rat creatures would have to be pretty stupid to follow me onto this small, frail branch.
(next panel, both rat creatures are hanging off the branch) Stupid, STUPID rat creatures!!

Elf Quest, here. Yes, there are dead trees growing from the sheer cliff face. This was originally meant to be Skywise's big death scene but Richard Pini vetoed Wendy killing him off, so he lives to this day.
In Tintin in America, Snowy falls onto a tree that immediately bends, imparting so great a horizontal component to his motion that he falls at 45 degrees onto a ledge beneath. Tintin is sitting on the ledge and is implied to have come down by the same route.

Fan Works

The German World of Warcraft-Parody radio drama "Allimania" has a scene at the end of one episode where the character Cliff was literally hanging on a cliff off the Hellfire Citadel. His comment? "Oh no... It's a goddamn CLIFFHANGER!"
In the DC Comics fanfic Stripped, Blue Beetle II and Booster Gold are stripped of their technological advantages, get beaten and thrown off a cliff. Beetle's leg, broken, catches on a tree and Ted tries to bear the pain while he holds on to the dangling Booster for hours. Tear Jerker, heartwarming, and Ho Yay ensues. Most of the fic relies on the tension of wondering how long they can avoid dying.

Film

The Lion King plays this twice. The first time, Mufasa is thrown into the chasm by Scar. The second time, Simba jumps and attacks Scar.
Who Framed Roger Rabbit?: Eddie ends up hanging from a flagpole in Toon Town by one hand. Unfortunately, Tweety Bird is nesting there, and he wants to play "this widdle piddie".
Monsters vs. Aliens has a character hanging on to the ledge of a six-story building. Fortunately, said character is five stories high.
This occurs in Mulan during the avalanche scene.
Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade: Tank goes off a cliff, Nazi dies, Dr. Jones mourns, Indy climbs up a vine behind him and sneaks up during his eulogy.
- Also in The Last Crusade, Elsa Schneider finds herself dangling from a cliff created by the earthquake she caused when trying to leave a temple with the Holy Grail. In a pure Take My Hand scene, she attempts to recover the Grail resting underneath her arm's reach. Her persistence is her ultimate undoing and she falls to her death. Indiana then tumbles over and finds himself in the exact predicament, but his father is able to act as the voice of reason.
- The ending of Temple of Doom also has this, though they're hanging off a broken Rope Bridge above a crocodile-filled lake.
In The Great Race, Professor Fate jumps out a window. When the horrified observers rush over and look down, they see him hanging from a pole below the window.
The King Kong films have this: during the "log shaking" sequence, the hero always manages to jump to the edge of the canyon and crawl into a hole, while the rest of them fall to their doom. (The 70s' film had a second guy who escaped in a similar fashion).
Safety Last! is a 1923 comedy silent film starring Harold Lloyd. It includes one of the most famous images from the silent film era: Lloyd clutching the bending hands of a clock on the side of a building as he dangles from the outside of a skyscraper above moving traffic.
- The angle from which it's filmed hides the fact that Lloyd is actualy hanging above a rooftop rather than the street below. The fall could still have been fatal, though.
The Italian Job (the original). "Hang on lads, I've got a great idea..."
Star Trek. Apparently, James T. Kirk practised for this trope when he was only a kid. Which is just as well given the amount of times it happens to him as an adult (twice in the 2009 movie alone).
In the 1987 movie The Untouchables, Eliot Ness gets shot by Frank Nitti and falls off the roof. Nitti casually strolls over to the edge of the building to look, only to get shot by Ness who'd fallen onto scaffolding that had been set up to clean the windows.
Norville Barnes hangs off the edge of a high building in The Hudsucker Proxy.
The Guns of Navarone. Captain Mallory while climbing the cliff.
This happens in Maverick when the title character falls over the edge of the cliff, but manages to hold on the edge. The Marshal offers Maverick to take his hand but he refuses until he almost falls to his death and changes his mind.
Cliffhanger, starring Sylvester Stallone as a professional mountain climber. The film's Cold Open even features a literal cliffhanger, leading to a Take My Hand moment that fails.
The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King features an example of this when Frodo and Gollum fight near the end of the movie.

Literature

Arguably, the cliffhanger of the Carnivorous Carnival, the ninth installment in A Series of Unfortunate Events.
The end of The Colour of Magic by Terry Pratchett. It's worth mentioning that the cliff in question is the edge of the Discworld.
- An indoor version happens in The Fifth Elephant, with Vimes climbing a spiral stairs made of logs hammered in a large stone column when the one he just stepped on breaking.
In The Fires of Heaven (book five of The Wheel of Time), Asmodean describes an incident in which he saw a man dangling from a cliff with nothing to grab but a weakly-rooted tuft of grass; having no better hope of saving himself, the man grabbed it, and of course it pulled loose. Full circle in that Asmodean is using this real incident as a metaphor for his own situation. When asked whether or not he helped the man, he evades the question.
The Action Hero's Handbook devotes a chapter to "How to Save Someone Who's Hanging From a Cliff".
According to The Meaning of Liff, the horizontally-growing bush characters cling onto is called a "grimmit".
In Warrior Cats, Leafpool accidentally gets knocked off the edge of the cliff at the top of the quarry. She's only holding on by her claws hooking over the edge. Just as she slips, Crowfeather grabs her scruff and pulls her to safety.

Live-Action TV

The Doctor Who story "Dragonfire" has the Doctor hanging from a cliff by his umbrella at the end of one episode. Unfortunately, bad editing makes it seem likes he's decided to dangle himself off there for a laugh.
- Another Doctor Who example: "The Stones of Blood" has this happen to Romana. Clearly a punishment for the Burberry hat and impractical shoes.
- Also, "The Rescue" ended with the TARDIS materializing at the edge of a cliff only to tumble over.
- "The Daleks" episode 6 ends with a Mauve Shirt missing a jump over a chasm, and Ian (to whom the other end of the rope is tied) struggling to keep his grip on the rock.
- "Genesis of the Daleks" episode 2 ends with Sarah Jane Smith losing her balance on a high scaffold.
The first season finale of Green Wing was a literal cliffhanger, with three characters in an ambulance about to go off a cliff. The second season also ends in a literal cliffhanger with a stolen campervan which happened in an almost identical fashion. Martin was in both of these and had a major case of deja vu the second time.
Towards the end of the Pushing Daisies episode "The Norwegians".
Heroes, with Hiro, a roof and a flagpole.
The X-Files, "Revelations". An insane businessman grabs a boy and jumps into a paper recycling shredder. When a horrified Scully rushes over, she finds the boy holding onto the railing above the bloody mess.
In the season 2 finale of Knots Landing, we get a quite literal cliffhanger when Sid drives off a cliff when the brakes go out in his car.
Green Wing. Both series end with a number of major characters in an ambulance, literally teetering half-on and half-off the edge of a cliff. The first one is resolved in the second series, the second is (sort-of) dealt with in a one-off special episode.
Occurs in "Eternity", an episode of Legend of the Seeker, when Richard and Kahlan try to get over the cliffs of insanity. Kahlan falls.
100 Deeds for Eddie McDowd has the title bully putting Justin on a flag pole as revenge for spilling milk on him.

Newspaper Comics

Beetle Bailey uses this trope for laughs as a running gag, with the heavy Sgt. Snorkel hanging from a branch while other characters rescue him.

Video Games

Final Fantasy VII: Advent Children: Cloud manages to make Kadaj hanging from a block, not cliff. It happens before Kadaj drops off the box containing Jenova's cells and the reunion starts.

Web Animation

In Homestar Runner, Strong Bad was asked in an email to "Please resolve all the cliffhangers." Strong Bad replies, "Okay," and cuts to the page picture.

Homsar: This dinner party is top dollar!
Strong Bad: (while carrying the Bigg Nife) Okay, cliffhangers! Prepare to be resolved!

Tucker invokes this trope in the finale of Red vs. Blue: Revelation when the Meta drags Grif along with him to his untimely demise over a cliff.

Web Comics

This week of Narbonic—both shown in advance and only having to hold up a gerbil's weight, though.
In Goblins, a whole hut full of goblins and other monsters hangs on a cliff.
- And later, Fumbles clings to a jagged spire after Kore throws him toward the edge.
Wapsi Square has Shelly hanging from the edge of a billboard. Luckily the long fall is only an illusion. She will land on a rooftop not visible due to the angle.
One Infinite Canvas strip of By Way of Booty Bay, simply called "Cliffhanger", featured a slew of WoW characters hanging unto each other, the top one clinging to the edge of a cliff.

Western Animation

Code Lyoko: This happens close to Once an Episode in the digital world, for about any of the heroes. Hanging from a ledge is most distressing for the Lyoko Warriors, since a fall in the Digital Sea would be fatal, unlike the usual devirtualizations. A few Literal Cliffhangers also occurs in the real world.
In Batman: The Animated Series, Batman has done this repeatedly, using a flag pole or awning to slow his fall whenever he falls off a cliff and cannot Building Swing.
- At one point, Bruce Wayne is forced to fall back off a high rise tower to avoid getting shot. He falls several stories before grabbing another floor and hangs there as the goons continue firing upon him.
Lampshaded in The Powerpuff Girls episode "I See a Funny Cartoon in Your Future"
The Edutainment show Between the Lions has a segment called "Cliffhanger". Which was about a guy hanging from a cliff.
- AND THAT'S WHY HE'S CALLED CLIFFHANGER!
- "Can't...hold...on...much...LONGERRRRR!!!"
Done in the second episode of My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic.
He-Man and the Masters of the Universe; in one episode, He-Man takes a bad hit from his evil imposter Faker, and ends up dangling over the abyss under Castle Greyskull. Faker decides (as villains often do) to stop and gloat a little:

Faker:: It's a long way down, He-Man. Need a hand?
He-Man: Actually, in this case, a foot would do better.
(He-Man quickly grabs Faker by the ankle and tosses him into the abyss.)

Real Life

Sir Douglas Mawson was an explorer on several Antarctic expeditions. One day in 1908, he was working in a tent when another expedition member, Professor Edgeworth David, called to him, asking if he was busy. Mawson was busy and said so. A few minutes later, Professor David asked again, this time explaining, "I am so sorry to disturb you, Mawson, but I am down a crevasse and I really don't think I can hold on much longer." Mawson himself fell into crevasses at least twice in the same expedition. During a trek in 1913, he fell into another crevasse, dangled for several minutes at the end of the rope he'd been using to tow his sledge, and finally climbed up the rope -- twice, the edge of the crevasse broke just as he was pulling himself out the first time.