The Lottery

Everything About Fiction You Never Wanted to Know.
The Lottery
Written by: Shirley Jackson
Central Theme: Mob psychology, scapegoating
Synopsis:
First published: June 26, 1948
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"The Lottery" is a 1948 short story written by Shirley Jackson, and first published in The New Yorker.

It's June 27th in a small American village. A village of three hundred people has prepared for this day as if it were another celebration, like a square dance or a Halloween program. This event, The Lottery, consists of pulling a townsperson's name, one by one, out of a splintery black box.

It would be any other quaint story if it weren't for the heavy symbolism. The story is Shirley Jackson's views on the pointlessness of violence and the inhumanity in the world, in each and every person and their own neighbors. Shirley Jackson received much hate mail for it, readers unsubscribed from The New Yorker, and the story was banned in the Union of South Africa (the precursor to modern-day South Africa). Today it is an often used School Study Medium.

It is probably best known as a staple of American Junior high/Middle School literature classes. It has been adapted into many kinds of media, such as radio, one-act plays, short films, a 1969 ballet, and a successful 1996 Made for TV Movie. Shout-Outs in other media are not uncommon, such as The Simpsons and South Park.

The full story can be read here.


Tropes used in The Lottery include:
  • An Aesop: Everyone is fine with established rituals, until they are affected by them. And so the cycle continues. Tessie arrives late to the lottery smiling and joking, until her family is chosen.
  • Ain't Too Proud to Beg: Tessie's last moments feature her begging for her life as her neighbors and family stone her.
  • Asshole Victim: Tessie Hutchinson seems nice and good-humored, and you may pity her as she tries to beg for her life when the story ends. Then when her family is chosen, she screams that it wasn't done right, and wants her in-laws to be selected as well for the lottery.
  • Banned in China: The Other Wiki tells us that the story was banned in South Africa.
  • Downer Ending: Without blinking an eye, Tessie's family and neighbors stone her to death, even her good friends. She dies begging for her life. We also learn this ritual has been going on for years, and will continue since no one sees anything wrong with it.
  • Even Evil Has Standards: While the villagers are fine with stoning the designated lottery "winner" to death, they hope during the selection process that the Hutchinson children won't be chosen.
  • A Fete Worse Than Death: Woo-hoo, it's lottery season again. Draw your paper, but try not to select black. That means you won, and you'll be stoned to death.
  • Foreshadowing:
    • Tessie arrives late to the lottery, saying that she forgot what day it was while washing dishes. When her family is chosen, she starts complaining that it wasn't fair while her husband tells her to shut up. Maybe she sensed her time was up.
    • The boys stacking stones in the beginning.
    • More than just them. On second reading, it's remarkable how many times stones are mentioned.
  • Grumpy Old Man: Old Man Warner is the oldest person in the town, very ornery and traditional. Turns out there's a reason for that: one person a year being stoned to death in a small village isn't good for life expectancy rates.
  • Human Sacrifice: Tessie is sacrificed to make the corn harvest plentiful.
    • There is hope, though. Mention is made of towns stopping the custom.
  • Infant Immortality: Subverted. In-story, it's played straight, but when someone draws the spotted paper, everyone in their family must draw again to see which one of them will die--even the toddler.
  • Lottery of Doom
  • Nobody Ever Complained Before: The lottery continues to exist because no one questioned it until now.
  • Peer Pressure Makes You Evil: Babies smiling as they pick up pebbles to throw...
  • Regularly-Scheduled Evil: June 27th of every year.
  • Rule of Symbolism: Here's a comprehensive list of what each element means... supposedly.
  • Rule of Three: The three-legged chair can be interpreted as anything. ANYTHING.
  • School Study Media: Guaranteed to be the one short story in class that you actually remember reading.
  • Sliding Scale of Idealism Versus Cynicism: On the cynical side.
  • Stepford Suburbia
  • Tomato Surprise
  • TV Never Lies: Many readers wrote to the author to express their disgust at the fact that this sort of thing was happening in the modern world. Yes, it's Fiction, in the strongest sense of the word.
  • Uncanny Village