Mister Roberts

Mister Roberts began as a 1946 novel about the struggles of a junior officer aboard a US Navy supply ship that's suffering under the command of a tyrannical captain. The novel was then converted into a 1948 Broadway theatrical production, starring Henry Fonda in the titular role, which became a Tony Award winner and a long-running production. By 1955 Hollywood took notice and converted the play into a film starring Fonda as Roberts, Jack Lemmon as the eager Ensign Pulver, James Cagney as Captain Morton, and William Powell as Doc, Roberts' ally in the long-standing war against Morton.

Tropes used in Mister Roberts include:

Anti-Hero: A mild version. Roberts is clearly a model officer, but under Morton's cruel command he becomes rebellious.
Armed Farces
Be Careful What You Wish For: Roberts wants to serve in combat. He dies during a kamikaze hit within weeks of his transfer to a destroyer.
Bittersweet Ending: Roberts gets the transfer to combat duty he wanted, but dies as soon as he gets there. Doc insists that Roberts' last letter to the crew of the Reluctant be posted instead of the news of his death. Ensign Pulver, who had been afraid of confronting Captain Morton the whole movie, realizes he's letting Roberts down... and charges to the replacement palm tree, tosses it overboard despite the guard, and storms into the Captain's office:

Pulver: Captain! It is I, Ensign Pulver, and I just threw your stinking palm tree overboard! Now what's all this crud about no movie tonight?

Breakout Role: Lemmon as Pulver. It won him Best Supporting Actor and launched his career.
The Captain: Morton, only in title. He's really The Neidermeyer. Roberts is the one really running the ship. And Morton knows it. Which is one of the reasons - the other is sheer spite - why Morton refuses to let Roberts go.
Corpsing: Cagney reportedly had to ask Lemmon to run through one of their scenes several times before filming to get this out of his system, and still just barely managed to keep a straight face.
Fate Worse Than Death: Roberts wants nothing more than to leave the USS Reluctant and the odious command of his Captain. Captain Morton knows this, and knows full well that - even worse than a court martial - the worst thing Morton can do is keep Roberts right where he is.
- Subverted when Roberts gets his wish at last... and he dies with days of leaving the Reluctant.
A Father to His Men: Roberts. He's the one who really runs the supply ship, and he takes care of the men. Completely averted with the ship's official captain Morton.
I Gave My Word: How Morton gets Roberts to stay silent on their deal over liberty for the crew. Part of Morton's backstory was how he resented college-educated officers like Roberts, but he also knew full well that someone like Roberts can never go back on his word.
- What Morton doesn't realize is that college-educated guys like Roberts can figure out a loophole like angering Morton into making an open confession so that Roberts can legally claim he kept his word. After all, Morton never said anything about that palm tree...
Is This Thing Still On?: Morton leaves the mike to the ship's PA switched on when screaming at Roberts. This lets the crew know the truth about Roberts strange behavior and that Morton is really the one to blame.
I Take Offence to That Last One:

Doug Roberts: Frank, I like you. There's no getting around the fact that you're a real likable guy.
Ensign Pulver: Yeah? Yeah!
Roberts: But...
Pulver: But what?
Roberts: Well, I also think you're the most hapless, lazy, disorganized, and in general most lecherous person I've ever known in my life.
Pulver: I am not!
Roberts: You're not what?
Pulver: I am not disorganized!

Jumped At the Call: Roberts is eager to serve on the front lines of the war but is stuck on a supply ship that's miles away from any action.
Meaningful Name: The ship? USS Reluctant.
The Medic: The ship's doctor, nicknamed appropriately enough 'Doc'. He's also Roberts' best friend on the ship and the one who realizes Roberts made a secret deal with the Captain, explaining Roberts' surly anger during the second half of the story.
McLeaned: Roberts' death near the end.
Naughty Birdwatching: The supply ship makes a stop at an island with a hospital. With nurses. And the hospital showers have windows.
The Neidermeyer: Not the Trope Namer but as close to Trope Codifier as Hollywood would allow during that era.
New Meat: Pulver.
Officer and a Gentleman: Roberts. Which upsets the higher-ranking Morton, whose life before The War made him a captain was getting ordered about by high-class Naval officers.
Persona Non Grata: It's understandable why the crew of the "Bucket" would not be allowed ashore on Elysium again, after hearing what they did while on liberty there.
Reality Is Unrealistic: Yes the US Navy really did make a fuss about shirts. The reason wasn't just pettiness though. It was found out by the medical branch that shirts provided protection against burns in the case of an explosion.
Soldiers at the Rear: The USS Reluctant is far from the front lines.
Took a Level in Badass: When Pulver realizes it's up to him to stand up to the tyrannical Captain.
Villainous Breakdown: The captain has one when confronting Roberts for the last time.
Well-Intentioned Replacement: After giving away Ensign Pulver's half bottle of whiskey as a bribe to secure a visit to a liberty port, the officers discover that Pulver had promised it to a nurse. They create a substitute out of medical alcohol, Coca-Cola and hair tonic. It is surprisingly effective.
World War II^[context?]