American Driving Laws: Difference between revisions

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==Basics==
Some basics:
* Americans drive on the right-hand side of the road. One-way streets are,can of course,be an exception.
* There are three lights on a traffic signal. Bottom (or right side if the signal is horizontal) is green<ref>Either a bright emerald green or occasionally a bluish green</ref>, which means you can proceed. Center is yellow or amber, and means "if you are approaching the intersection but have not crossed the line you need to stop<ref> Also important is the concept of Point of No Return: when you are close enough to the intersection that you understand you ''should'' stop, but have enough speed that you ''can't'', at which point it is permissible to run a red light if, and only if, you are not otherwise breaking the speed limit</ref>" but in cities it's usually taken as "if you ain't crossed the line, speed up!" Top or far left is Red, which means stop and remain stopped until the light turns green (except for turns, as explained below). If there is a green arrow you can turn on a red light in that direction without stopping. Or there can be a red arrow when you're at a green light, which means that even though you have a green light you can't turn that way until you get a green arrow.
* If you're at a red light, after you stop, you can turn right from the far right lane. If you're at a one-way street moving to your left, then you're permitted to turn left on a red light after stopping. However, this does not apply in [[New York City]] or any intersection where there is a "No Turn on Red" sign posted.
* Speed and distance are morealmost oftenalways<ref>It thanis notextremely (andrare byto thissee wesignage meanwith almost always)Kilometers.</ref> measured using [[American Customary Measurements]]; you may, for example, be told that you are [[Blues Brothers|108 miles from]] [[Chicago]], on a stretch of highway allowing travel at 55 miles per hour. Although it may vary by region, the rule goes that if there ''is'' no speed limit sign (and there rarely isn't) then the speed limit is the automatic default of 35 miles per hour (56 kilometers per hour) on local roads and 55 miles per hour (about 88 kilometers per hour) on highways.
* The United States is a ''big'' country, with a lot of nothing, and not a lot of reason for some of these communities to keep their streets compact. Street networks can be relatively well developed, but most Americans aren't surprised at commutes of 30 minutes. Oror more. Indeed, in some metropolitan areas, daily commutes of over an hour are common.
* [[American Federalism]] means that State Governments are responsible for driving laws and roads within their borders. Even the 'Interstate' highways are built and maintained by the various state governments, albeit with significant federal financial support. Most State governments also maintain state highway systems while local roads and streets are typically a local government responsibility. Regulation and enforcement are entirely a state responsibility (with local enforcement delegated to local governments) though the national government ("federal government" in American parlance) can and does encourage certain policies using the power of the purse.
* Automobile ownership is ''extremely'' common in the USA - prior to the 2008 economic collapse, there were more cars owned in America than there were licensed drivers - and virtually everyone who can drive does so (with the exception of inhabitants of large cities, such as [[New York City]], that have [[New York Subway|subway systems]]). While not everyone owns an automobile, practically everybody is licensed to drive one -- it's a major rite of passage, especially in rural and suburban areas. As a result, U.S. licensing requirements and driving laws tend to be very straightforward, sensible and practical with little or no quirks or hidden "gotchas" for the unwary.
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** Motorcycle endorsement is added if you have a license in one of the other classes, otherwise you have a motorcycle license. So it is possible to only be licensed to drive motorcycles and not allowed to drive a car.
* Because of the requirement that you can only be sued where you live or would normally expect to be "hailed into court" it used to be that if you were rear-ended or otherwise involved in an accident by someone who lived in another state, you had to hire a lawyer in that state in order to sue them. This changed with a special agreement called the "Interstate Driver's Compact" that has been agreed to by Congress, all 50 states, the District of Columbia and all U.S. territories, and all Canadian Provinces. It means that as a condition of being able to drive outside your own state, you appoint the head of the drivers' license bureau for the state where you were driving as your agent for service of process. So the plaintiff can now sue you either in the state where the accident occurred or in your home state.
 
== Speed Limits ==
Speed limits are set by local and state authorities. For a number of years in [[The Seventies]] and [[The Eighties]], the federal government attempted to subtly enforce a nationwide 55 mile per hour limit (originally conceived as an economic measure to save gas, but later [[Retcon|re-characterized as a safety program]]) via financial coercion, then allowed 65, then stopped caring as much. Nowadays almost no states outside the Northeast have regular interstate speed limits set that low - 65mph and 70mph are the most common. One state (Montana) even tried eliminating fixed daytime speed limits completely, but this particular experiment in libertarianism was ended after some drivers severely abused the "safe for current conditions" requirement and the courts held that it was too subjective to be enforced by law.