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Functional Addict: Difference between revisions
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{{quote|''"Just cause you got the monkey off your back doesn't mean the circus has left town."''|'''[[George Carlin]]'''}}
Because [[Drugs Are Bad]], the world of fiction is famous for treating drug addicts as feeble, broken people living in disheveled apartments (or in a worst scenario, [[Crazy Homeless People|homeless]]) and constantly muttering to themselves. However, there has been a general trend lately towards portraying addicts in a more positive light. These drug users, with addictions just as serious, can lead very normal lives, at least to the strangers on the street. They can wake up in the morning, go to work, have a family, and interact socially without any noticeable problems, as long as they are getting their "fix" when necessary.
Simply put, the addiction does not rule this person's life. Typically, this kind of addict can go long periods of time without getting their "medicine" and doesn't depend on their drugs as a "crutch". Often, this is because they can always get the drug when they need it or have the willpower to keep themselves from getting out of control.
In [[Real Life]] these kinds of addicts can go their entire lives without ever becoming dysfunctional. It isn't real likely, but it can happen. Fiction, on the other hand, almost always treats them as ticking time-bombs, slowly working up to the one event that will send them over the edge. While crossing the line into dysfunctional territory definitely happens in [[Real Life]] as well, the key difference is that fictional sources treat this as inevitable.
Could be justified because fiction typically involves putting characters through unusual, dramatic and stressful situations which does increase the likelihood of an addict becoming dysfunctional. Also conservation of detail comes into play. Its usually not worth mentioning that the character has an addiction if it plays no role in the plot and tells us nothing important about the character.
It's common for none of the other characters in the work to [[Dark Secret|even know]] that there is an issue until [[It Got Worse|it gets worse]]. It is also commonly used as [[The Reveal]] for a particular character on a [[Very Special Episode]], where it is revealed they have been a functional addict throughout the series and are now coming to terms with it.
Compare [[Dark Secret]], for characters with any kind of sinister secret in hiding, and [[Drugs Are Bad]], for all forms of fiction dealing with drug abuse.
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{{examples}}
== [[Anime and Manga]] ==
* ''[[Hyakujitsu no Bara]]'': Klaus exhibits the [[Deconstructed Trope|Descontructed]] form of this trope. He is implied to have been addicted to morphine in the past, so that once he is injured and needs it to help enhance his performance it's not very effective and he has to increase dosages. As one would expect, he doesn't stop using it after that and it's still up in the air whether he'll be able to curb the addiction again or not.
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== [[Film]] ==
* ''[[Carlitos Way]]'': Sean Penn's character David Kleinfeld
* ''[[The Expendables]]'': Gunnar is heavily suggested to be a junkie (a heroin addiction, presumably, based on the typical understanding of the word "junkie", but his exact addiction is a mystery), which heavily clouds his sense of better judgment and seriously afflicts his personality, yet he was still able to take on Ying Yang, and would have beaten him in one-on-one combat had Barney not interfered.
* ''[[Ghosts of Mars]]'': Melanie Ballard (Natasha Henstridge) is a drug addict, but manages to hold down a job as a police officer.
* ''[[Minority Report]]'': John Anderton has become addicted to "Neuroin" as a means of dealing with the loss of his son {{spoiler|and his being framed for future-murder}}. He is able to hide this from all but his closest acquaintances, and it does not seem to hinder his ability to function as a cop. It's implied that New hEROIN is specifically designed to produce functional addicts.
* ''[[Requiem for a Dream]]'': All the characters begin their addictions completely functional, and most of them are arguably functional for almost the entire film.
* ''[[Tropic Thunder]]'': Jack Black's character Jeff Portnoy.
** Obviously an [[Expy]] of [[Chris Farley]].
* The title character in ''[[
* "Teardrop" in ''[[Winter's Bone]]''. He's competent and level-headed despite being hooked on meth.
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== [[Live Action TV]] ==
* [[24]]: Jack Bauer battles a heroin addiction after having to go under a cover as a Junkie just before season 3, but remains functional.
* ''[[Southland]]'': John Cooper is originally a functional addict, but {{spoiler|is barely functional by the end of season three is given an ultimatum by Ben: check in to rehab or he'll expose him.}}
* ''[[Dexter]]'': Obviously not addicted to a "drug", but still battles with an addiction of sorts and maintains a "normal" lifestyle.
** Played with, however, when Dexter is forced to go to NA, and uses his "addiction" to give his presence authenticity.
* ''[[Heroes (TV series)|Heroes]]'': [[Exaggerated Trope|Exaggerated]] with heroin addict Isaac Mendez, who is actually '''most''' functional when he is using heroin.
* ''[[House (TV series)|House]]'': Prior to season 6 and {{spoiler|his being detoxed at the asylum}}, Dr. House bounced between functional, barely functional, and "holy-crap-I-need-my-Vicodin-''right''-'''now'''".
** And late in season 7, {{spoiler|he appears to be headed for a full-on relapse after dealing with Cuddy's health scare by taking Vicodin. After which she broke up with him, after which he took more Vicodin. Whether or not he'll be back to a functioning addict or the hallucinating crazy addict he was at the end of season 5 remains to be seen.}}
* ''[[Law and Order Special Victims Unit]]'': [[The Scrappy|A replacement ADA]] is eventually revealed as a functioning alcoholic. She's able to disguise her behavior by being a hardass, but eventually she gets so out of control that she's forced to take a breathalyzer test ''in the middle of a trial'' and is [[Humiliation Conga|subsequently disbarred]]... or rather, suspended. She returns the following season, attending AA meetings and overall putting in a really solid effort not to drink. Ironically, she's actually ''nicer'' when she's sober, even though irritability is an extremely common withdrawal symptom.
* ''[[The Wire]]'': [[Cowboy Cop|Jimmy McNulty]] is a particularly believable example; hard-drinking and described by his best friend as "an emotional train-wreck of a human being", he clearly has many issues. While he is obviously alcoholic, it's not until season 5 that his alcoholism is explicitly called such (it mostly gets accepted as typical "cop" behaviour), but in a scene where the FBI are investigating {{spoiler|1=a fake serial killer McNulty has invented to gain access to funding that would otherwise be denied to less glamourous cases}}. The FBI only listens to a short piece of {{spoiler|"serial killer"}}[[Create Your Own Villain|McNulty]] talking, but they use it to nail his personality almost exactly, describing him as an arrogant, high-functioning alcoholic. [[What Have I Become?|McNulty]] is visibly shaken by how accurate they are, especially given that he was loudly proclaiming the inaccuracy of FBI profiles not a minute earlier.
** What about Bubbles? I mean, sure, the guy had quite a run of bad luck as the series progressed, but on an average day, he functioned just fine. In spite of how much some police underestimated and even dismissed him, he provided invaluable information and aid on many occasions. In the meantime, he was adept at scrounging up enough money to pay for his drugs through some ingenious scams, good with math, and ran a modestly successful business from a shopping cart for a time.
*** Bubbles is still a homeless junkie, despite all that. He has a lot of intelligence and ability but he only ever uses his skills to get more dope, and it's been shown several times that he completely falls apart when he can't feed his habit.
* ''[[Leverage]]'': [[Discussed Trope|Discussed]] by Nate:
{{quote|"I'm a functioning alcoholic, you know? And the trick is not to get hung up on the alcoholic but celebrate the function part of the sentence." }}
* [[Nurse Jackie]] is a functional addict to Oxycodone.
* ''[[Will and Grace]]'': Karen's complete addiction to pills and alcohol is a [[Running Gag]], but she is entirely functional and coherent in her daily life. Oddly, not [[Lampshaded Trope|lampshaded]] at all in the episode [[Hypocritical Humor|where Will gets addicted]] to pain pills.
* Played with in ''[[Dark Angel]].'' A flaw in Max's engineered genetics means she has [[wikipedia:Tryptophan|tryptophan]] deficiencies. Without ''large'' regular doses, she has crippling muscle spasms. Because of the state of America [[After the End]], the stuff is expensive and hard to come by - though not ''quite'' as much as the steady supplies of chocolate, milk, yogurt, red meat, eggs, fish, poultry, and/or peanuts she'd need to get by without supplements. Because she keeps her condition a secret from her friends, they think she's addicted to recreational drugs and throw away her pills before even confronting her. It comes across as kind of a dick move, though it doesn't help that she won't even explain herself even when they stage an intervention for her.
** Wait, she's dependent on ''tryptophan''? The one that causes depression and [[wikipedia:Pellagra|pellagra]] ([[Did Not Do the Research|no muscle spasms there]]) when deficient?
* You could make the argument that just about every main character on ''[[MASH]]'' is one of these. However, in one episode Margaret catches an old friend drinking during surgery and busts her. The withdrawal symptoms she goes through are...a bit disturbing.
* Jesse from ''[[Breaking Bad]]'' starts out this way, mainly a pot smoker who occasionally dabbles in meth while still functioning close to normal, {{spoiler|at least until his girlfriend gets him hooked on heroin and he turns into a junkie}}
* Doctor Stephen Franklin on ''[[Babylon 5]]'' is addicted to Stims during the third season, having started on them in the second season to keep up with the crushing burden of running an understaffed hospital and dealing with the many crises that occur on the station. When he nearly [[My God, What Have I Done?|gets a patient killed]] due to being strung out from lack of rest and having dangerous amounts of the stuff in his system, {{spoiler|he tenders his resignation and goes on a [[Walking the Earth|walkabout]] to detox.}}
** It is implied in the fourth season that Commander Ivanova is a functioning alcoholic, doing double-shots of vodka to try and sleep at night after {{spoiler|[[The Captain|Sheridan]] falls at Z'Ha'Dum, Garibaldi is abducted by the Shadows, and she is left trying to help Delenn hold [[The Alliance]] together as it threatens to unravel.}}
* ''[[Justified (TV series)|Justified]]'': Detroit mob lieutenant Robert Quarles pops Oxy pills like candy, but he's still shown to be a cunning and ruthless villain.
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== Newspaper Comics ==
* ''[[Doonesbury]]'': Duke has consumed an enormous amount of alcohol and drugs throughout his life, in accordance with the [[Hunter S. Thompson]] caricature he was originally. While few of his many schemes and high-profile jobs have proved successful in the end, that hasn't been due to Duke's substance abuse so much as his arrogance, [[jerkass]]ery and poor judgment even when sober.
== Video Games ==
* ''[[The Elder Scrolls Four]]'': Being turned into a vampire could be considered this. The [[Player Character]] is just fine as long as he feeds once every few days.
* ''[[Heavy Rain]]'': Norman Jayden is apparently a functional addict of Triptocaine {{spoiler|(however, ARI is what's actually causing the withdrawal effects)}}, though he can die from overuse.
* The Templars of the "[[Dragon Age]]" series are essentially this. They get their anti-magic powers from lyrium, which is extremely addictive. All active-duty templars are functional addicts, but for every one of them, there's several for whom the years of enforced lyrium dependency have lead to becoming brunt-out shells.
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== Western Animation ==
* ''[[Futurama]]'': Bender is essentially a commentary on functional alcoholism, as he [[Exaggerated Trope|literally needs alcohol in order to function]], or else his fuel cells run dry, even though it makes him surly and he could actually survive on mineral oil.
** Futurama robots could be an inverse; without alcohol, they get uncoordinated, have difficulty speaking, and are prone to erratic behavior. In other words, sobriety is to robots as drunkenness is to humans. Also, alcohol doesn't make Bender surly, he's always like that; now, having to drink mineral oil instead of liquor, ''that'' makes Bender surly.
* Arguably, Homer from ''[[The Simpsons]]'' is one, but [[Depending on the Writer]], this can vary greatly.
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[[Category:This Is Your Index On Drugs]]
[[Category:Truth in Television]]
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