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''The'' most common motive for bad guys to go after innocent people and [[Truth in Television|the reason that the FBI has the Witness Protection Program]].
See [[Revealing Coverup]], [[Killed to Uphold
{{examples}}
== Anime & Manga ==
* Sent in a message to {{spoiler|Professor Eifman}} in ''[[Mobile Suit Gundam 00]]'' just after he figured out the true agenda of {{spoiler|Celestial Being's founder}}, and just before {{spoiler|the Thrones attack the base}}, killing him in the process. Either sent by {{spoiler|[[Big Bad|Ribbons Almack]]}} or by {{spoiler|[[Master Computer|Veda itself.]]}}
{{quote| '''{{spoiler|Eifman}}'s computer screen:''' "You have witnessed too much."}}
** {{spoiler|Kinue Crossroad}} is also killed for knowing too much, but in a partial subversion {{spoiler|the guy who killed her is a violent sociopath, and deliberately gave her the information before killing her for knowing too much, apparently just [[For the Evulz|because doing so amused him]].}}
* In ''[[Fullmetal Alchemist]]'', {{spoiler|Hughes}} learns about the [[Ancient Conspiracy]], or at least a little more than the others know. [[Disconnected
** In ''Brotherhood'', so did Isaac McDougall. He also gets offed for his efforts.
** It's not until quite a bit later in the story that the audience is shown exactly what he had uncovered. At first it seemed that he'd discovered little more than that there ''was'' an [[Ancient Conspiracy]], and his knowledge shouldn't really have been a threat to them yet. But in fact, he'd also realized that {{spoiler|all of Amestris was a giant transmutation circle}}, a fact that was the lynchpin of the entire conspiracy.
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** Played for comedy in Luffy/Ace's flashback. Luffy discovers where Ace and Sabo keep their treasure, and they state that they're going to kill him to keep him from telling, only to realize that neither of them have killed anyone before.
* In ''[[Gundam Wing]]'', all five Gundam Pilots were ordered to kill anybody who sees the Gundams or who discovers their identities. Heero takes it to an extreme, assuming that Relena knows too much without any actual evidence (she found him washed up on a beach in a spacesuit) and threatening to kill her [[Ineffectual Death Threats|for most of the series]]. In the second episode, Duo's a bit more forgiving, using a road flare to block Relena's view of Wing and Deathscythe and telling her that it's in her best interests to look away.
* If someone possesses any evidence that [[Monster (
** [[The Corrupter|Though, he's got]] [[Break the Cutie|his own plans for them.]] [[Strike Me Down
* Partially, this is what prompts {{spoiler|[[Dark Magical Girl]] Miyu}} to get the {{spoiler|otaku [[Secret Keeper]]}} to fall to his death in the [[Vampire Princess Miyu]] TV series. The fact that {{spoiler|he showed absolutely no understanding about Miyu's nature and what it means to be the Guardian}} really didn't help his case.
* In the original manga of the [[Hentai]] series ''Bondage Fairies'', main heroine Pfil is invited into the home of a trio of sisters while on a missing-stag-beetle case. While there, she accidentally stumbles upon {{spoiler|a detached stag beetle leg. The sisters realize that they've been found out, and they knock Pfil out and take her captive, starting the plot.}}
* In ''[[
* Averted in [[Mai
* In ''[[Naruto]]'', Baki kills Hayate after he sees him meeting with Kabuto, learning that the Sand and Sound Villages are conspiring to destroy the Leaf Village.
** This also happened to {{spoiler|Kabuto. He and his mother figure were spies for Root, but Danzo decided they had become a liability and set them up to kill one another. This was the catalyst for Kabuto's [[Face Heel Turn]].}}
* Bell Matera of ''[[Striker S Sound Stage X]]'', who was immediately [[Psychic-Assisted Suicide|forced to commit suicide]] the moment he figured out what [[Night of the Living Mooks|the Mariage]] were seeking.
* In ''[[
* In ''[[
** In the Ski Lodge case, {{spoiler|This was the reason for Minako's murder: she found out 2 of her teachers (one of them being the teacher she adored) were involved in a fraud, so they killed her to make it look like she committed suicide. And the other teacher? She killed them as part of her revenge for said murder.}}
** The [[Non-Serial Movie]] ''Phantom of Baker Street'' reveals {{spoiler|the immediate reason for Hiroki's death is because he found out Schneider was the direct descendant of Jack the Ripper.}}
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* In ''[[Top Ten]]'' pop star and former science-hero sidekick Glenn Garland is killed because he was going to tell the media about the illegal and repulsive actions of a group which he used to be a part of. The Vigilante from Venus also expressed concern that they were going to try to kill her before she went to trial, for fear that she would incriminate them in her testimony.
* This trope is what sets the whole plot of the first ''[[Sin City]]'' story "The Hard Goodbye" in motion, as Goldie is killed on orders from another character after she discovered his nasty secret habit. Another character dies after mistaking a death squad for honest cops and telling them ''everything''.
* ''[[Watchmen (
** One is killed because he knows the details of a plan, even though he had no intention of revealing it; he had told Moloch, who simply didn't understand what he heard and would be no threat to its success even if he did understand it.
*** Open to interpretation. He MIGHT have told someone else, given time. Clearly he was fraying around the edges. The [[Big Bad]] being [[Dangerously Genre Savvy]], he wasn't about to take the chance.
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== [[Film]] ==
* [[Alfred Hitchcock]] was fond of this trope.
** ''[[Exactly What It Says
** ''[[North
** ''[[The 39 Steps]]'', which was based on a book published during World War One, making this [[Older Than Radio]].
* ''[[Enemy of the State]]''
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* The [[Arnold Schwarzenegger]] movie ''[[Eraser]]''.
* ''[[Sister Act]]''
* ''[[Snakes
* Subverted slightly in ''[[Adventures in Babysitting]]'' -- one of the kids had taken a [[Playboy]] magazine that could get the crime boss put away, and the presumption the criminals made, of course, was that the kids had read it, plus the fact that they'd met at all meant they knew too much. The magazine was returned, and the crime boss' underling resigned, knocking him out along the way.
* The Hong Kong action movie ''Sha Po Lang'' (known in the US as "Killzone") kicks off with the murder of a witness ordered by a Triad crimelord so that his testimony could not be given and the crimelord would be set free. This sets four cops against him, all with their own reasons for wanting to take him down.
* In ''[[Lethal Weapon]]'', Riggs is tortured by the bad guys to find out what he knows about their impending shipment, which is {{spoiler|nothing}}.
* In ''[[
** This is a perfect example of the variant, since River was totally crazy, so she couldn't have communicated what she knew to anybody who could do anything about it. The Operative coming after her and the crew compelled them to find out the truth.
* ''[[The Man With One Red Shoe]]'' has the scheming deputy head of the CIA trying to frame the actual head, so that he can have his job. The head knows this, and lets slip that someone who can foil this plan very simply will be arriving at the airport. He then sends his aide to meet any random person at the airport, so that the deputy and his men will follow them and try to find out what he knows. The aide picks a rather head-in-the-clouds musician, who's wearing a pair of mismatched shoes because of a practical joke.
* [[The Hero]] in [[
* It's pretty strongly implied that the "villain" of ''[[The Hunted]]'' was just acting in self defense, pursued by government assassins over his past black-ops experience.
* {{spoiler|Robert's}} justification for killing Leroy and Destiny in ''[[Mystery Team]]''.
* In ''[[Captain America:
* In ''[[Drive (
* {{spoiler|Mushnik}} in ''[[Little Shop of Horrors]]'', adapted from the stage musical. This trope did ''[[Death
== [[Literature]] ==
* In ''[[Duumvirate]]'', anyone getting too close to certain truths is most commonly fed misinformation, with options for inflicted insanity, death, and [[Mind Control|acquisition]].
* An interesting variant in ''[[
* ''[[The Mote in
** And it plays out the other way, too. The humans are about to be captured, but they decide that they know too much about human technology to allow themselves to be taken prisoner--so they kill themselves.
* In ''[[Douglas Coupland|Girlfriend In A Coma]]'', Karen, the titular character, believes this was why she went into her coma in the first place - she caught a glimpse of the future, and it wasn't pleasant.
* In [[Dan Abnett]]'s [[
* If you're a character in an [[
** Joyce Reynolds, the 13-year-old schoolgirl from "Hallowe'en Party" (1969). She tries to use her knowledge of a murder to her benefit. Instead, the murderers have her killed, drowned in an apple-bobbing tub. {{spoiler|And what makes this worse is that it's not even ''her'' knowledge, really; she's overheard the child who really ''does'' know about the murder talk about it and has tried to pass it off as her own knowledge for attention.}}
** Another would-be blackmailer victims include Miss Blanche from ''Cat Among the Pigeons'' and Leopold from ''Hallowe'en Party''. Other characters who "knew too much" include Donald Ross from ''Lord Edgware Dies'' and Mrs Upward from ''Mrs McGinty's Dead'' - as well as the principal murder victims in ''Three Act Tragedy'', ''[[The Murder of Roger Ackroyd]]'', ''Cards on the Table'', ''Evil Under the Sun'' and ''A Caribbean Mystery''.
** An example of the second variant comes in ''Why Didn't They Ask Evans?''. Bobby Jones witnessed the death of a man who [[Make It Look Like an Accident|stumbled and fell off a cliff]], then tells a woman claiming to be the man's sister that his last words were [[Title Drop|"Why didn't they ask Evans?"]] This is enough to convince the conspirators that Bobby has to be killed, which is in turn enough to convince Bobby that the man was murdered, "Evans" knows something important, and he should investigate...
** An example that's neither a blackmailer nor the principle murder victim is Salome Otterbourne in ''[[Death
* Syme in ''[[Nineteen Eighty-Four]]'' lauds the principles behind [[Newspeak]] to Winston, explaining in great detail how it helps the Party perfect its control over the general populace. Despite being thoroughly loyal to the Party, he is eventually made an "unperson" due to this understanding. [[Lampshade Hanging|A fate Winston himself is able to see coming]], predicting that Syme will be "Vaporized" several chapters before it actually happens.
* Defied in ''[[Honor Harrington
* ''[[Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea]]'': This is the reason why Aronnax, Conseil and Ned Land will remain prisoners of the Nautilus and cannot come back to Civilization. Ever. (Captain Nemo lets them abandon the Nautilus and explore land, but is always in uncivilized shores). Captain Nemo explains:
{{quote| ''"... You came to surprise a secret which no man in the world must penetrate—the secret of my whole existence. And you think that I am going to send you back to that world which must know me no more? Never! In retaining you, it is not you whom I guard—it is myself."''}}
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== [[Live Action TV]] ==
* River Tam from ''[[
* ''[[The Tomorrow People]]'':
{{quote| '''Dr. Culix''': The boy on the bike? He's seen too much. Get him!}}
* ''[[Dollhouse]]'': Rather than being "terminated" (one way or another), a "handler" who has been exposed for raping his assigned "doll" is offered a task more suited to his evident personality: eliminate a woman who has inadvertently learned too much about the Dollhouse from an FBI agent investigating the organization. Only it's {{spoiler|subverted when it's revealed that the target is a doll herself, one with a "killer" sleeper personality, and he's actually being sent to his death as part of a [[The Plan|larger scheme]].}}
* Used several times per season in ''[[
* ''[[UFO]]''. A continuing duty of SHADO (Supreme Headquarters Alien Defence Organisation) is to suppress information on UFO incidents to prevent worldwide panic over the knowledge that beings from another world are [[Human Resources|harvesting human organs]]. Their methods include intimidation (ranging from beatings to government pressure on the employers of the witness), conscription into SHADO, [[Laser-Guided Amnesia|amnesia pills]], and even murder.
* In the [[Mission
* In the ''[[Doctor Who]]'' serial ''The Gunfighters'', Johnny Ringo is in Tombstone looking for fellow [[Magnificent Bastard]] Doc Holliday, and the barkeep recognizes him, and [[Too Dumb to Live|threatens to go to the Earps]].
** This was the Doctor's justification for kidnapping Barbara and Ian. Couldn't have them knowing about the TARDIS and screwing up the timeline, after all. [[Sarcasm Mode|Because two humans would definitely be capable of reproducing such advanced technology after being inside of it for a few minutes.]]
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** Something very similar happens in the first episode of Season 3- the warehouse agents run into ATF agent Steve Jinks on a mission, and their attempts to explain the situation away don't work because he's a [[Living Lie Detector]]. Since he's in on the secret and already a federal agent, he gets recruited.
* Basically why {{spoiler|Tory kills Cally,}} who has learned that {{spoiler|Tory, Cally's own husband Galen, and Colonel Tigh are actually Cyclons}} in ''[[Battlestar Galactica Reimagined]]''. Important to note that {{spoiler|Galen}} is ''not'' in on this, and {{spoiler|kills Tory for it}} when he finds out.
* ''[[
** The episode "Witness" was based on this motive. It included a medium [[Tear Jerker]], as McGee narrowly failed to save the girl, who he'd hit it off with just the day before.
** Arguably, this is also part of the reason that an airstrike is called upon a research vessel doing some questionable things out in the ocean in "Chimera". Fortunately, Gibbs and his team get away from the ship on a pirate's boat as the missiles are fired.
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{{quote| '''Stringer Bell:''' "But there go a life that had to be snatched, {{spoiler|Avon}} ''(...)'' Twenty years above his fucking head. [[Heel Face Turn|He'd flip, man!]] They got you, me, and Brianna! No fucking way, man! Hell, no! Now, I know you family, you loved that nigga, but you wanna talk that 'Blood is thicker than water' bullshit, you take that shit somewhere else, nigga! That motherfucker would've taken down the whole fucking show, starting with you, killer!"}}
* Someone from ''[[Pretty Little Liars]]'' is in great danger in the Summer Finale of the show. A even sends a text to Emily which says 'She knew too much.'
* In ''[[
* An interesting variant occurs with John in ''[[
* ''[[
** Part of the reason why the teacher in "True Calling" was murdered was because {{spoiler|she had proof that another teacher was using drugs and forcing a student to bring them to him. When she called him out on it, he simply snapped and chased her to the streets before finally killing her.}}
** The victim in "Blood On The Tracks", who wanted to confess to the cops about a crime he and several of his friends had been involved in that left another friend dead. With only one other person in the group agreeing with him, two of the others conspired to kill them both in order to ensure their silence.
* ''[[
** In the episode "Democracy", five people who had evidence of a voting fraud conspiracy are killed to uphold it. Unfortunately for the conspiracy, one of them managed to get the list of names to Charlie shortly before being killed, who determines that the odds of five random people dying in a given two week period are approximately a bajillion to one. Don orders a second autopsy on the one who gave Charlie the list, which confirms that she ''was'' murdered, and the attempt to tie up a few loose ends has now attracted the attention of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
** In "Disturbed", the episode after the credits opens with a murdered mailman who was last seen alive outside of a home where a woman was killed. He waves at the repairman entering the house. {{spoiler|The repairman is a serial killer and he kills both his intended victim in the house and the mailman who passed by three hours ahead of schedule and saw the repairman enter the house.}} Nearly an aversion, since the mailman only ''possibly'' knew something.
* ''[[
* ''[[
** This is why Jonah Gabriel and his partner were shot before the events of the series, in that {{spoiler|they came too close to discovering the true extent of police involvement in [[Government Conspiracy|Counterpoint]].}}
** {{spoiler|1=Ross McGovern}} is killed for investigating the above incident too closely, because his investigations could have led to what Gabriel and Delaney discovered.
** And even [[Invoked Trope|invoked]] in episode 6, when {{spoiler|Glickman tells Gabriel to confront Commander Penney with the news that he knows about Counterpoint. They're counting on Penney then sending Gatehouse after Gabriel, because they want to lure Gatehouse into a trap.}}
* Happens from time to time in ''[[24
** In Season 1, {{spoiler|Nina kills Teri because she overheard information that would have compromised her escape from CTU, though there are also [[Murder the Hypotenuse|other reasons]] considering [[Love Triangle|both women's history with Jack]]}}.
** In Season 2, {{spoiler|Marie}} kills Reza just as he is about to clear his own name and find out who moved the funds for Syed Ali.
** In Season 3, the reason why the [[Big Bad]] forces CTU to execute {{spoiler|Ryan Chappelle}}.
** In Season 7, the villains kill {{spoiler|Dubaku}} after he is captured because he has information on them that he is using as blackmail to prevent being subject to [[You Have Failed Me]] and [[You Have Outlived Your Usefulness]].
* Parodied in ''The [[
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== [[Video Games]] ==
* ''[[Max Payne (
* The protagonist in ''[[Arcanum]]'' is an example of the second type: all he knows is a gnome gave him a ring and told him to "Find the boy," but due to the conspiracy's repeated attempts to murder you, you eventually figure out their incredibly convoluted plans.
* ''[[Fire Emblem]] 8'': Some characters know well what the hell is going on in Grado ([[White Magician Girl|the Cleric Natasha]] {{spoiler|whose mentor, a well-respected high priest, was killed for discovering that the Emperor was dead and revived as an [[Artificial Human]]}} and [[Badass Bookworm|the Shaman Knoll]], {{spoiler|Lyon's [[The Lancer|second-hand]] in the project to revive said Emperor}}). What does the Empire do? They frame * both* of them as traitors; Natasha has to flee from her homeland and Knoll is imprisoned and slated for execution. Subverted because, in-game, both * survive* and join Eirika's (in Natasha's case) or Ephraim's (in Knoll's) troupes.
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* This sets up the plot of ''[[Robinsons Requiem|Robinson's Requiem]]'': you and several other Robinsons have discovered that AWE banishes or kills any agents who have potentially contracted alien diseases or virii while exploring unknown planets. Unfortunately for you, AWE finds out that you've learned this [[Awful Truth]] and decides to send all of you to the [[Death World]] Zarathustra.
* Before the Rank 8 fight in ''[[No More Heroes]]'', Travis interrupts Shinobu's presentation before her class. She sighs, tells him to meet her outside, then draws her katana as he leaves. When they meet up, she's complaining about how hard it is to lead two lives... at which point Travis makes the connection: "You killed them, didn't you?"
* ''[[Nine Hours, Nine Persons, Nine Doors
* In ''Sonny'', this is the reason the [[Mega Corp|ZPCI]] board the White November in the first game and destroy the village in the second game. In the former, Sonny kills the soldiers after they take out [[The Obi-Wan|Louis]], escaping on a lifeboat after recieving the [[MacGuffin]]. In the latter, Sonny and his crew fight the leader of the troops briefly before fleeing on an old train.
* In ''[[Fallout: New Vegas]]'', if you convince Veronica to leave the [[Knight Templar|Brotherhood of Steel]] for the Followers of the Apocalypse in her personal quest, {{spoiler|several fanatical Paladins will massacre a Followers outpost and then try to go after Veronica since they see her as a heretic (which to be fair, she is) who ''might'' end up spreading knowledge about the Brotherhood that they're devoted to keeping secret. After fighting them off, Veronica is left horrendously traumatized, but she's sure that she made the right choice in leaving the Brotherhood.}}
* ''[[LA Noire]]'' has an example. {{spoiler|[[Dirty Cop]] Roy Earle sells out [[By-The-Book Cop]] Cole Phelps by revealing his affair with Elsa Litchmann as he knows that if he keeps on moving the ranks, the Suburban Redevelopment Fund and its conspiracy will be exposed. However, it only encourages Cole to investigate Elysian Fields, [[Nice Job Fixing It, Villain|much to Roy's dismay]].}}
* In ''[[
* ''[[
* In ''[[Splinter Cell]]'' Conviction {{spoiler|while Sam is interrogating Galliard, a man working for a mysterious group named Megiddo, he learns about Megiddo controlling multiple locations, but before he has a chance to obtain more information, Galliard is assassinated by a shooter to protect Megiddo's identity. The shooter responsible for assassinating him later dies in a car bomb explosion, assumed to be arranged by Megiddo, so the shooter can't reveal Megiddo's identity, [[Jack Bauer Interrogation Technique|if he is ever caught]] by Fisher.}}
== [[Web Original]] ==
* ''[[
* ''[[
== [[Western Animation]] ==
* Parodied in an episode of ''[[
** Gloriously lampshaded when Jade claims to know their magic words, [[Words Do Not Make the Magic|but can't cast their spells]]. The man gloats that she 'knows nothing' and Jackie cries out, "That's what I've been trying to tell you!"
* In ''[[Batman Beyond]]'': Said in its entirety by Inque about Terry McGinnis. It is also motive behind Derek Powers's murder of Terry's father, which prompted Terry to become Batman.
* Played with in ''[[The Simpsons]]''. Homer followed his coworkers to the Stonecutters' headquarters. He gets inside by falling through the skylight and is instantly surrounded. They declare that he has seen to much and must pay "the ultimate penalty". So they toss him out the front door.
** In "New Kids on the Bleech", after Lisa discovers the Navy's conspiracy to recruit people via [[Subliminal Seduction]], Lt. Smash says ominously "Well, know that you know, I'm afraid I can't let you leave." But Lisa already left.
* In ''[[The Spectacular Spider
* ''[[Transformers Animated]]'' has {{spoiler|Blurr}}, who was offed by the traitor for knowing to much.
* Spoofed in the ''[[Looney Tunes]]'' short "Bugs and Thugs", where gangster Rocky decides that Bugs "knows too much" when he, among other things, correctly identifies Carson City as the capital of the state of Nevada.
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== [[Real Life]] ==
* In 1942, the Russians arranged an assassination of Von Papen, the German ambassador to Turkey. They gave the would-be assassin a package which they said was a smoke bomb to cover his escape. The assassin decided that attacking under cover of the smoke was a better plan and so set it off early: it exploded killing the assassin but leaving von Papen unharmed except for the gore splattered on his suit. The Russians of course intended him to do this after shooting the target, thus preventing him from telling who was the guilty party.
** Undoubtedly inspired by this incident, Ian Fleming had two SMERSH assassins fall victim to this trick in his first [[James Bond]] novel ''[[
* This is the reason why, in a lot of urban neighborhoods, people won't talk to the police about crimes they saw, and is also the basis of the "snitches get stitches" saying.
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