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{{quote|''"If enough data is collected, a board of inquiry can prove anything."''
|'''Murphy's Law of Combat #75'''}}
This well-known saying is part of a phrase attributed to [[Benjamin Disraeli]] and popularized in the U.S. by [[Mark Twain]]:
With the magic of numbers, you can lie without getting into trouble.
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The whole business of throwing percentages at people in advertising is almost destined for this kind of abuse. Relative measures are more likely to be understood accurately, and thus are less likely to be used in advertising.
The bogus uses of statistics are intended to imply a causal link between two elements when they are not linked, the link is questionable, or the link is opposite to what is implied. A beautiful example? "Coca-Cola causes drowning". By looking at statistics on drowning and Coca-Cola sales, you can see a link -- [[Insane Troll Logic|more people go swimming on hot days, and more people buy Coke on hot days]]. Likewise, birth rates per head of population are higher in areas where there are more
Also be aware of the Law of Very Large Numbers. Any fraction of a very large number is likely to be a large number, no matter how small the fraction is. It is estimated that 2,135,000 Americans have used cocaine (including crack) in the past month. But that's only 0.7% of the population! So, is this a lot of people, or not?
Then you can get the kind of statistical abuse in which you are careful to define the question to get you answer you want. What is the most popular book in the world? Depends if you mean most copies in existence (''Quotations from Chairman Mao''), most copies ever sold ([[The Bible]]) or fastest selling ever (''[[Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows (
Statistics are like studies: who made them and who paid them matters a lot. Want to "prove" that [[Murder Simulators|video games cause violence]]? Get a group of scientists that are already savvy to this and don't mind the lack of ethics. Have them draw from a very small pool of test subjects that are known to display violent behavior. Mental hospitals, prisons, schools for children with behavior disorders, what have you. Do some generic tests that are guaranteed to show up positive, come up with numbers, and presto, instant headline. "Recent test shows 77% of subjects become more violent after playing ''[[Mortal Kombat]]''." Most people won't bother with reading the article the whole way through and will just look at the headline. This works with anything from [[Comics Code|comic books]], and rock to watching ''[[Brokeback Mountain]]'' or voting for specific parties, basically anything.
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Put another way, by [[Game of Nerds|baseball]] announcer Vin Scully:
{{quote|
See also [[Nine Out of Ten Doctors Agree]], which is much a sub trope to this.
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----
== Straight examples ==
* During [[World War I]], helmets were almost withdrawn from British soldiers. When Britain started issuing steel helmets to all soldiers on the western front in 1916, generals began to call for their removal as they increased incidences of headwounds twelvefold and doubled total casualties. The reason? If someone gets hit in the head by some woolly bear or flying frog (German H.E. or rifle grenade) shrapnel and ''lives'' it's a "head wound" and if they are unable to fight, the person is a "casualty"; if they ''die'' from a bullet in the brain, then they are a "fatality" and so don't appear on casualty statistics. Since helmets let more people survive, the number of head wounds soared. A politician used the the number to support his position that "helmets are expensive and cause cowardice", and never explained what it really meant - doubly effective as most people don't know the difference between "casualty" and "fatality". The real justification behind the attempt to withdraw helmets narrowed down to, "all a dead soldier needs is a ''funeral''." A '''wounded''' soldier gets dragged out of combat by at least one of his buddies, and then provided weeks, months or even years of medical attention. From a [[A Million Is a Statistic|statistical standpoint]], adopting helmets drastically increased the effectiveness of enemy weapons - and a '''''lot''''' of [[WW 1]] generals genuinely believed in [[We Have Reserves|disposable]] [[Zerg Rush|personnel]]. Luckily, more ethical parties changed the way they recorded casualties, or the helmets would likely have been recalled.
* Something of a historical subversion: During [[World War II]], the Royal Air Force wanted to add more armor to their planes, but because of weight limits they needed to know which places needed the armor most. So, they examined the planes after they came back and counted how often bullet holes were found in certain areas... and then placed armor in places that showed the ''fewest'' bullet holes. This is because, they assumed, that any place that did have bullet holes was a place that planes could be hit and still fly. Helped by the fact: No plane that ever came back had holes where the gas tank was. Because planes which tank was hit would explode and ''not come back''.
* Another [[World War II]] example: Many works about the Battle of Britain tend to portray the Royal Air Force as outnumbered several times over by counting just the planes and aircrew belonging to RAF Fighter Command against the planes and aircrew of the Luftwaffe (and Italian Air Force) forces attacking Britain - fighters, bombers, reconnaissance planes, in some cases even sea-air rescue planes. If you count RAF Bomber Command etc. as well British and German forces were roughly equal in the summer of 1940, but that fact does tend to get lost, just like the fact when it came to the planned invasion of England the German commanders had to be more concerned about British bombers than fighter planes. Bomber Command also lost more personnel than Fighter Command during the Battle of Britain, and it may well have caused the crucial turning-point because their raids on Berlin led Hitler to order the Luftwaffe to switch from attacking the airfields in the South of England to attacking London, which helped Fighter Command because London was at the limit of the range of German single-engine fighters and the longer time to reach it also enabled the British to assemble greater forces to intercept the attackers. Churchill's praise for "the Few", the way the Battle of Britain clasp was awarded and the way some writers say that Britain and the Free World was saved by "just 3,080 men" (Francis K. Mason) also very much ignores the far from negligible parts played by the groundcrews (often under air attacks themselves), anti-aircraft gunners, observers and radar crew etc.
* It's a bit like the "statistics" on shark shows. "You are more likely to die on the toilet than be eaten by a shark." When you compare how much time you spend around sharks versus how much time you spend around toilets ... really, the toilet has time to plan out its move in advance.
** Which is why it's so disturbing you're also less likely to die from a shark attack than from falling into a hole someone dug on the beach. Let's just stay off the beach shall we?
** Same deal with most accidents occurring in the home. Considering that you spend the majority of your time ''in your home'', this should come as no surprise to anyone.
** The same for the example above about most vehicular accidents occurring near the home (some say "within 25 miles from your home"). This is because most people do most of their driving near their homes, not that the home or the surrounding area is more dangerous than areas distant from the home.
** At some Reform Judaism synagogues, a popular "joke" to lead into the sermon is, "x% of deaths occur in a hospital, x% of deaths occur in a car, x% of deaths happen in the home...[continues on for a while] while there have been only ''three'' deaths in a synagogue, and no deaths ever reported while studying Torah! Clearly, the safest passion, therefore, is studying Torah."
* One of Bothered About [[Dungeons
** Patricia Pulling, the leader of this organization, once said in an interview that "8% of the Richmond VA-area population is involved with Satanic worship at some level." When asked where that figure came from, she said that she estimated that 4% of the teenagers and 4% of the adults. She then added them together and got the 8%.
** Another time, BADD cited an increase in suicides corresponding with a major Dungeons and Dragons release. Again, however, there's no evidence that's not simply a coincidence, as similar statistics can be used to prove that the release of a [[Britney Spears]] CD caused suicide numbers to jump.
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* Even ''[[QI]]'' falls victim to this from time to time. One question was "What is three times more dangerous than war?" The answer given was work, because three times as many people are killed each year in work-related accidents than die in wars. Now, consider how much time you spent working last year compared to how long you were in a warzone.
** This prompted unhelpful responses from the panelists: "What if you're a soldier?" "What if you work in a shoe shop, ''near'' a war?"
** QI is well known for deliberately phrasing questions like this in order to confuse the participants. See also "how many moons does the Earth have"
**The vast majority of war is work and often work no one would consider signing up for if there wasn't a war, like building a road through a malaria infested jungle or flying munitions over the Himalayas.
* The ''Column 8'' column in the ''Sydney Morning Herald'' once referenced a statistical correlation between the difficulty of the sudoku on a given day and the price of petrol.
* When [[Ronald Reagan]]'s Attorney General Edwin Meese wanted "proof" that pornography was evil, he created the Attorney General's Commission on Pornography. The commission members were a preselected cohort of anti-pornography campaigners. Not surprisingly, they discovered that statistics "proved" that pornography caused crime. However, the 1970 report of the President's Commission on Obscenity and Pornography, which was done by honest researchers and was highly praised for accuracy and honesty, discovered that there was "no evidence to date that exposure to explicit sexual materials plays a significant role in the causation of delinquent or criminal behavior among youths or adults."
* There is a book produced for people in radio every year that compiles countless statistics about all stations taken from polls. These are used to attract advertisers. The less successful stations who have very few listeners are often forced to hire people who read through the book to get as many favorable statistics as possible, no matter how convoluted they may be. With the huge amount of data in the book, it's possible to say, for instance, that 85% of married men aged some arbitrary amount with income in some arbitrary range and who own a ferret will love your show, even though they represent a tiny proportion of the population. If you're selling ferret food, that's exactly whom you want to reach.
* The [[Justice League]] was asked "Maybe you'd care to explain why on your watch, 50% of marriages now end in divorce, and the other 50% end in death!" Aside from the fact that the same was true before the formation of the League, until the end of time, a significant portion of marriages will end in death, as people do have a tendency to die, married or not.
* In the heated German censorship debate about blocking sites allegedly containing child pornography, an organization in favor of this censorship law ordered a survey at a market research institute with questions asking if the person taking the survey is against child pornography and in favor of blocking the websites containing it. Over 90% answered 'Yes'. Another survey ordered by an opposing
* An old advert for Guinness ran with the quote "88.2% of statistics are made up on the spot", attributed to Vic Reeves.
* Fletcher Knebel was apparently responsible for "Smoking is the leading cause of statistics", the most famous of which is "100% of non-smokers die".
** In Montreal, there was an ad campaign run by a gum company whose gum came in round shapes instead of the usual square shapes. The ad said, "100% of people who chew square gum die."
* Many casinos like to advertise their slot machines with lines like "Up To 99% Payout!" to make it sound like the player has a good chance to win. First, "up to" means the payout could be 1% for all you know (although laws usually set a minimum). Secondly, even a 99% payout means that for every $100 you put in the machine, on average, you'll get $99 back, i.e. you still lose. That "99% payout" is also an average that is based on something like one million pulls (plays) on the machine. If you play 100 times in one slot machine, you're not getting a representative sample of that average. These machines work differently in the UK. UK Fun With Prizes are required by law to seek their set hold percentage within a certain number of spins (usually 10,000). To achieve this, they naturally [[The Computer Is a Cheating Bastard|cheat all the time]]. They also can be, and often are, programmed to go on a suck cycle and take in way more money then they need to, in order to save up for a large series of payouts later.
* A common problem encountered is Simpson's Paradox, best demonstrated by example: Suppose Hospitals 1 and 2 are nearby, but 1 is better equipped for treating people with severe injuries, so proportionally more of the people taken there are badly hurt. It does better at treating badly hurt people than hospital 2, and also does better at treating people who are not badly hurt. However, since people who're badly hurt are more likely to die than people who're not badly hurt whether or not they go to hospital 1 or hospital 2, hospital 1 may still have a higher overall death rate
** Simpson's Paradox is when data shows one trend, but dividing it into categories shows the opposite trend. In the example above, hospital 1 has a higher death rate, but if the patients are split into categories based on severity of injury, it has a lower death rate in each category.
** The same goes with good doctors and bad doctors, as told in the book [[Super Freakonomics]]. Good doctors are generally given tougher causes while bad doctors are given easier cases. However, if you look at death rates you see that some doctors have higher death rates, but these are usually the good doctors. Patients with serious cases are more likely to die, so good doctors lose a lot of their patients than, say the doctor who cures hiccups. The lesson is that you can be fairly certain that the doctor you receive at a hospital is competent enough to be assigned to you.
* When Russian Orthodox Church is up to banning some more fun stuff, it likes to self-impose the "voice of the populous" liability backed by the claim that according to surveys "70% of Russians are Orthodox Christians". Then some major religious occasion comes in and the attendance rate inevitably mounts to 2-3%. The surveys about the attendance of regular clerical services and general awareness in Orthodox lore yield similar results.
** Not that you can take an Orthodox church operated survey's word for how many Russians are Orthodox Christian. There should be a registry of the Orthodox church's members, which compared with the official census of Russia would yield a more reliable percentage. Some countries include religion (for taxing purposes) in the civil registry info collected.
* Groups against drunk driving usually refer to "alcohol-related crashes". It's implied that these are all the driver's fault, except that it includes accidents where a passenger is drunk, or if it's a pedestrian involved accident, the pedestrian was drunk. If ''anyone'' involved was drunk, it becomes alcohol-related ([[Captain Obvious|this is not to defend drunk driving]], as it is still responsible for ''thousands'' of deaths a year).
** Also, those statistics usually amount to "X% of car accidents are caused by alcohol." That also means that 100-X% of all crashes AREN'T caused by alcohol. In other words, the argument is flawed. It should rather be "alcohol increases the likeliness of car accidents by X%".
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* Italy got Sudtirol, actually a part of Austria, to be added to their territory after [[World War II]] by using this kind of statistics to convince the Americans that the area was mostly populated by Italians. Which it wasn't. To this day, most of Sudtirol's population speaks German for a first language and watches German and Austrian TV, rather than the Italian channels.
* Wolf Blitzer on polling information about the health care debate in American politics:
{{quote|
* A banner ad right here on TV Tropes promotes The [[Church of Happyology]], rhetorically asking, "Why is it the world's fastest growing religion?" Hmmm, maybe because this religion that [[Frivolous Lawsuit|cannot be named for legal reasons]] was founded less than 100 years ago, and most major religions are thousands of years old and likely have grown as much as they ever will? Or because they count ad clicks as memberships.
* In the 2004 US Presidential Election, Dick Cheney and John Edwards stated conflicting numbers regarding the Iraq war's casualties... and both men [https://web.archive.org/web/20100108020551/http://www.factcheck.org/cheney_edwards_mangle_facts.html were partially right]! Skip down to "90% of casualties".
* The [[Australian Football League]] managed to turn an increase in positive drug tests into a decrease in positive drug tests. [http://koberulz.webege.com/Blog/2010/08182010Numbers_Lie.php\]{{Dead link}}
* One statistic used to justify the creation of the Comics Code Authority was that a large percentage of criminals liked to read comic books, ergo, comic books influenced people to become criminals. Nobody pointed out that they were using the wrong statistic - they should have been asking what percentage of regular comic book readers became criminals.
** Asking what percentage of criminals were literate enough to read anything ''but'' comic books wouldn't have hurt, either. Comics, after all, have pictures.
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* When Anthrocon decided to move from Philadelphia to Pittsburgh, one blogger who protested the move cited that only a tiny number of people of people would be as likely or more likely to attend Anthrocon if it moved to Pittsburgh. The organizers, however, heeded a different statistic: those that lived so far away that the move made little difference.
* Racial profiling tends to be justified by all manner of statistics taken outside of context. An example commonly used by right-wing commentators: 1 in every 3 black males goes to prison, so black people must be more criminally inclined... Now, by "goes to prison", does that mean currently ''in'' prison, those who ''have'' been in prison, will ''go'' to prison, or some combination of the three? Does that statistic include repeat or first-time offenders? Also, exactly what are most black men imprisoned for? {{spoiler|Nonviolent drug-related charges for most first-time offenders.}}
* [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] loves to put out press releases trying to make the previous night's viewership of their shows look good. With their big hits, this isn't so bad; winning the timeslot in total viewers or Adults 18-49 (the demographic used to set ad rates, and thus the figure used to determine whether or not a show gets renewed) is definitely something to be pleased about (unless there's a huge skew between total and A18-49 viewership, but that's another matter). No matter how poorly-watched a show is, however, the ABC PR department can find some figure that sounds good but doesn't actually mean the show' doing well. They frequently put up demographics that aren't really indicative of a show's survival (e.g. women 18-34, or the adults 25-54 demo that only some cable channels use for ad rates), give the amount that the show built on its lead-in (usually when the lead-in was a repeat or another low-rated show, or [[Bread, Eggs, Breaded Eggs|a repeat of another low-rated show]]), or claim the the show had the best performance in its timeslot among ABC shows since X weeks/months/years ago (when you look at the absolute ratings, all it says is that ABC's done even worse in the past; this is rarely used for hit new shows since there are usually better statistics for those).
* The [[Fox News Channel]] flashed a ''[[media:OneNineThree.jpg|pie chart]]'' whose claimed percentages added up to ''193%''. Any grade school student can tell you that pie charts don't work that way! Eyeballing the above pie chart the 63% segment looks larger than the 70% segment.
* Programs on [[Animal Planet]] are fond of citing how Americans spend more money annually on cat or dog food than on baby food. This is depicted as evidence that Americans pamper their pets like babies, but overlooks the fact that pets eat pet food for their entire lives, whereas babies only eat baby food for about a year and a half.
* [http://www.badscience.net/ badscience.net] occasionally shows how statistics get misused. For example, [http://www.badscience.net/2011/10/what-if-academics-were-as-dumb-as-quacks-with-statistics/ here] (on small samples it's quite possible that B isn't significantly different from A ''or'' C, but you can put it as "B isn't different from A, C is different from A, so we see that C is different from B", which is wrong) and [http://www.badscience.net/2011/12/this-guardian-story-is-dodgy-traps-in-data-journalism/ here] (limit the view to one of many multipliers which ''per se'' can't prove anything). Unsurprisingly, the areas with traditional relations to snake oil trade suffer most.
* Scott Alexander's series of articles in Slate Star Codex on internet and media chicanery starts with ''[http://slatestarcodex.com/2013/04/04/lies-damned-lies-and-facebook-part-1-of-%E2%88%9E/ Lies, Damned Lies, And Facebook (Part 1 of ∞)]'' - it's a foregone conclusion that however many pages you'll write about this, you'll still cover only an infinitesimal part of the ugly mess.
{{quote|The third and most important catch is that these numbers don’t mean what you think they mean and probably don’t mean anything at all}}
=== Anime and Manga ===
* [[The Onion]] does parody this from time to time.▼
* Shizuo in [[Durarara!!]] maintains that the series's troll, Izaya, is behind ''every '''single''' weird thing in the setting.'' Sure, Shizuo can get irrational when mad, and will even use statistics and percents to maintain points. [[Properly Paranoid|...Did we mention Izaya's a troll?]]▼
** An article was about a movement to shut down hospitals because "despite rapid advancement in medical technology, the world death rate remains at 100%."▼
** Another article said that children are universally opposed to children's health care, with responses to the question "Do you want to go to the doctor?" ranging from "NO!!!!" to "inconsolable crying," but no children in favor.▼
=== Comic Books ===
* There is a semi-famous magazine article from 1958 called "The Dread Tomato Addiction" that correlates consumption of tomatoes with everything from death to communism. It can be found [http://www.crystaloak.com/Gaijin/Essay/tomato_addiction.htm here]. There is a similar article about bread that can be seen [http://www.snopes.com/food/warnings/bread.asp here].▼
* An old ''[[Archie Comics
* [[Batman|The Penguin]] says this quote word-for-word in ''Detective Comics'' #684, at the same time pulling a [[You Have Failed Me...]] on a newly-acquired henchman who, through usage of statistics, "proved" that a broad daylight robbery had a 0% chance of being foiled by Batman.▼
=== Literature ===
▲* There is a semi-famous magazine article from 1958 called "The Dread Tomato Addiction" that correlates consumption of tomatoes with everything from death to communism. It can be found [
* Spoofed by ''[[The Daily Show|America: The Book]]'', which included a graph on "Growth of Misleading Charts". Two different bar heights represent the same number.▼
=== Live-Action TV ===
* ''[[Monty Python's Flying Circus]]'' parodied the use/abuse of meaningless statistics in the sketch "Spectrum":
{{quote|
'''Other Man:''' Telling figures indeed. But what do they mean to you? What do they mean to me? What do they mean to the average man on the street? }}
* Parodied in Australian political satire ''[[The Dingo Principle]]'':
{{quote|
That's only 90%.
Yeah, there was one guy who said the samples weren't big enough to be statistically significant. }}
* A commonly-cited factoid about the American Revolution is that roughly 1/3 of the residents of the Thirteen Colonies favored independence from Britain, 1/3 opposed it, and 1/3 were undecided or apathetic. The comedy series ''[[History Bites]]'' (based on the premise: what if TV had been around for 5,000 years) parodied Tom Paine as a spin-doctoring pundit:▼
▲* Spoofed by ''[[The Daily Show|America: The Book]]'', which included a graph on "Growth of Misleading Charts". Two different bar heights represent the same number.
{{quote|
▲* An old [[Archie Comics|Archie]] story had one of the characters becoming a statistics-obsessed nut [[Negative Continuity|for the duration of the story]], only for Jughead to start citing statistics that horrified them and lead them to run away in fright, at which point [[Embarrassing Middle Name|Forsythe]] noted that some ridiculously high percentage of people who quote statistics "make 'em up on the spot!"
▲* [[Batman|The Penguin]] says this quote word-for-word in ''Detective Comics'' #684, at the same time pulling a [[You Have Failed Me]] on a newly-acquired henchman who, through usage of statistics, "proved" that a broad daylight robbery had a 0% chance of being foiled by Batman.
▲* A commonly-cited factoid about the American Revolution is that roughly 1/3 of the residents of the Thirteen Colonies favored independence from Britain, 1/3 opposed it, and 1/3 were undecided or apathetic. The comedy series ''History Bites'' (based on the premise: what if TV had been around for 5,000 years) parodied Tom Paine as a spin-doctoring pundit:
▲{{quote| TOM PAINE: Only 1/3 of the colonists are opposed to independence. Now, you can't let a minority opinion like that influence public policy!<br />
▲INTERVIEWER: But the same number are in favor of independence.<br />
TOM PAINE: But now we're talking half of ''decided voters'', which is essentially a majority. You can't ignore the wishes of half of decided voters! }}
** The original "statistic" doesn't come from any actual poll anyway... it was an estimation made by John Adams, and he admitted he'd not done any research on that, just that it was his feeling on the matter.
* ''[[Penn
* The Church Of The Flying Spaghetti Monster has semi-famously pointed out the obvious correlation between the [http://www.venganza.org/images/spreadword/pchart1.jpg decreasing number of pirates worldwide and Global Warming.]▼
=== Web Comics ===
* There's a billboard along a freeway in Michigan, advertising a dentist willing to do implants for only a couple hundred dollars. Next to it is a statement saying "Voted best dental office in Michigan". Just below that, in smaller text, is the disclaimer "by our dental staff".▼
* ''[[Saturday Morning Breakfast Cereal]]'' tells us [http://www.smbc-comics.com/index.php?db=comics&id=2275 how to make anything a victimless crime].▼
* ''[[Luke Surl]]'' expresses this via [[Visual Pun]] [http://www.lukesurl.com/archives/3105 here].▼
* ''[[xkcd]]'' uses this trope and a bit of bad math to justify staying indoors in the title text to [https://xkcd.com/2599/ this strip]:
{{quote|You say this daily walk will reduce my risk of death from cardiovascular disease by 30%, but also increase my risk of death by bear attack by 300%? That's a 280% increased! I'm not a sucker; I'm staying inside.}}
=== Web Original ===
▲* ''[[The Onion]]'' does parody this from time to time.
▲** An article was about a movement to shut down hospitals because "despite rapid advancement in medical technology, the world death rate remains at 100%."
▲** Another article said that children are universally opposed to children's health care, with responses to the question "Do you want to go to the doctor?" ranging from "NO!!!!" to "inconsolable crying," but no children in favor.
* ''[[Cracked.com]]'''s [http://www.cracked.com/article_20318_the-5-most-popular-ways-statistics-are-used-to-lie-to-you_p2.html The 5 Most Popular Ways Statistics Are Used to Lie to You] covers some fallacies commonly used to lie with statistics.
=== Western Animation ===
* One episode of ''[[The Boondocks]]'' had Uncle Ruckus, an [[Uncle Tom]] racist, declare about the (black) man who invented peanut butter and hundreds of other uses for peanuts: "George Washington Carver was the man responsible for more ''peanut allergy deaths'' than any man '''in history'''!"
* An episode of ''[[The Simpsons]]'' featured Homer forming a vigilante group to fight crime. At one point he recruits Jimbo (who calls the group "the drunken posse") on the basis that he can swing a sack full of doorknobs. Homer later gives an interview to the local news:▼
▲* [[Saturday Morning Breakfast Cereal]] tells us [http://www.smbc-comics.com/index.php?db=comics&id=2275 how to make anything a victimless crime].
{{quote|
▲* An episode of [[The Simpsons]] featured Homer forming a vigilante group to fight crime. At one point he recruits Jimbo (who calls the group "the drunken posse") on the basis that he can swing a sack full of doorknobs. Homer later gives an interview to the local news:
▲{{quote| '''Kent Brockman:''' Mr. Simpson, how do you respond to the charges that petty vandalism such as graffiti is down eighty percent, while heavy sack beatings are up a shocking ''nine hundred percent''?<br />
'''Homer:''' Aw, people can come up with statistics to prove anything, Kent. ''Forfty'' percent of all people know that. }}
▲* ''Luke Surl'' expresses this via [[Visual Pun]] [http://www.lukesurl.com/archives/3105 here].
=== Other Media ===
▲* The Church Of The Flying Spaghetti Monster has semi-famously pointed out the obvious correlation between the [http://www.venganza.org/images/spreadword/pchart1.jpg decreasing number of pirates worldwide and Global Warming.]
▲* There's a billboard along a freeway in Michigan, advertising a dentist willing to do implants for only a couple hundred dollars. Next to it is a statement saying "Voted best dental office in Michigan". Just below that, in smaller text, is the disclaimer "by our dental staff".
=== Real Life ===
* Two sports teams each only play one game in a season, and that game is against each other. How does the losing team make themselves sound good and their opponents sound bad? {{spoiler|They say they only lost one game all season, and that their opponents only won one game all season.}}
▲* Shizuo in [[Durarara]] maintains that the series's troll, Izaya, is behind ''every '''single''' weird thing in the setting.'' Sure, Shizuo can get irrational when mad, and will even use statistics and percents to maintain points. [[Properly Paranoid|...Did we mention Izaya's a troll?]]
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