Wrong Genetic Sex: Difference between revisions

Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8
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(Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8)
 
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Most people who have passed grade school know that men have one X and one Y chromosome while women have two X chromosomes. However, in [[Real Life]] it's not always that simple.
 
The whole issue of gender identity aside, anything that interferes with fetal development can cause various degrees of feminization or masculinization ranging from people who are genetically XY and physically female to people who are genetically XX and physically male to people who are intersex and whose anatomical sex is neither male nor female. There is also a phenomenon called ''[http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimera_:Chimera (genetics) |chimerism]]'' which can cause different parts of the body to have different DNA, meaning DNA from someone's blood or saliva (the most common sources for DNA tests) may not match DNA from other parts of their bodies, which for fictional purposes usually means hair, skin or semen.
 
In fiction, this usually pops up in various kinds of detective stories and is used as a excuse to make a DNA test into a [[Red Herring]]. It can also be a source of drama or simply a character quirk. The actual cause is likely to be [[HandwavedHand Wave|handwaved]] or just glossed over. [[Transsexual|Transsexuals]] are covered by their own trope, [[Transgender]], but may also fall under Wrong Genetic Sex if their transgender status is not known in advance and the plot hinges on the difference between their chromosomes and their appearance. Intersex people may also be included under similar circumstances. However, only individuals count: If an entire population is intersex, then it's a [[One-Gender Race]].
 
See also [[Hermaphrodite]], which may overlap but is in many cases a distinct phenomenon. Both "hermaphrodite" and "pseudohermaphrodite" were used as medical terms for these conditions in the past but that usage was not strictly accurate and is now considered perjorative.
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{{examples}}
 
== [[Anime]] &and [[Manga]] ==
* In ''[[The Day of Revolution]]'', the supposedly male protagonist discovers in the first chapter that he is intersexed and genetically female. Despite some misgivings and with a push from her parents she decides to reinvent herself as a girl. [[Hilarity Ensues]].
* In ''[[Earth Maiden Arjuna]]'', one of the female ecology activists has this, with the implication that it was the result of the polluted environment.
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* The protagonist from [[Robert Heinlein]]'s ''[[All You Zombies]]'', who starts out as an intersex female and...it gets complicated. Her actual degree of intersexualization approaches true [[Hermaphrodite|hermaphrodism]] and isn't biologically possible.
* Calliope (later Cal) from the book ''[[Middlesex]]'' was born intersex (genetically XY) and raised female until the age of fourteen.
** Cal also meets a woman with [http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/Androgen_insensitive:Androgen insensitive|Androgen insensitivity syndrome]], which basically means she's genetically male with the body of an infertile female. Despite being able to come across as a woman, she strongly identifies herself as a [[Hermaphrodite]] and is an intersex rights activist.
* The original [[The Ring|incarnation of Sadako]] was this. In the book, a doctor was the guy who threw her into the well, because he found out.
 
== [[Live Action TV]] ==
* In one episode of ''[[Law and Order Special Victims Unit]]'', the episode starts with a rapist getting killed by his victim and the DNA evidence leads the detectives to a teenage boy who just happens to have an ironclad alibi. It turns out his twin "sister" is actually his twin ''brother''; it seems he lost his penis when they were circumcised as babies and the doctors who botched the operation covered their tracks by completing the job and talking his parents into raising him as a girl.
** Sadly, this is actually [[Truth in Television]]: The episode is based on an actual case. Just like the character in the episode, the [http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Reimer:David Reimer|real man]] vehemently reverted to a male gender identity as soon as he got the chance. Sadly, the real man ended up killing himself {{spoiler|instead of killing [http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Money:John Money|the doctor]] like his fictional counterpart in SVU did}}.
* In one episode of ''[[House (TV series)|House]]'', a woman turns out to be suffering from testicular cancer, due to a [http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/Androgen_insensitive:Androgen insensitive|surprisingly common medical condition]] (especially [https://web.archive.org/web/20130927171156/http://www.secondtype.info/ais.htm among supermodels]) that causes some people with XY chromosomes to develop into infertile women with internal testicles instead of ovaries.
* This is a major plot point in an episode of ''[[Freaks and Geeks]]'', when Ken's new girlfriend Amy tells her she's one of these. There was no DNA test or anything - the conflict came from Amy getting upset at Ken telling his friends her big secret.
* In one episode of ''[[Crime Scene Investigation|CSI]]'', a DNA sample with female chromosomes turned out to belong to a male character. He was a post-operation trans man and it wasn't known that he had been born female-bodied.
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== [[Real Life]] ==
* Chimerism has been found to be the cause of rare—sometimes, seemingly impossible—coat colors in several species of animal, including dogs, cats, and horses. One particular horse appeared to be a stallion, but was found to have a blend of stallion and mare DNA; many calico tomcats are the feline equivalent.
* The human body is physically female by "default" during the very early stages of development; and what turns that female body into a male body is the action of testosterone in the womb, however, there's a rare condition called Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome in which a resistance to testosterone causes a person with one X chromosome and one Y chromosome develop as a female (although sterile). [[South Africa]]n middle-distance runner [[wikipedia:Caster Semenya|Caster Semenya]] is likely the highest-profile example because of her notability as an athlete.
 
{{reflist}}