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All The Tropes:Tips on Grammar: Difference between revisions
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This is a collection of tips on how to avoid making the most common grammar/spelling mistakes when editing here.
Your contribution is more important to us than some minor spelling blunder... as long as you're willing to accept criticism from the editor who catches your blunder and tells you how to correct it.<ref>Making the same mistakes repeatedly and ignoring the comments about how to fix those mistakes moves you out of the "made an honest mistake" group and into the "trolling the wiki" group... and [[All The Tropes:How We Do Bans Around Here|that's grounds for a tempban]]. Please don't be a troll, even by accident.</ref> If you ''really'' don't feel like a grammar lesson right now, just click the back button and [[Canon Discontinuity|pretend this never happened]]. If you're looking to save our resident [[Grammar Nazi]]s some grief, however, you may want to read the following.
==Spelling==
* '''Capitalization:''' the first letter of every new sentence should be a capital letter. A new sentence starts after a ., a ? or an !. You already know this, but just in case you don't, you can make a capital letter by holding down the "shift" key (on a standard keyboard it's left of the ''z'') while typing the letter. You should also capitalize people's names (Alice, Bob), movie/book/series titles (''[[Seinfeld]]'', ''[[Nineteen Eighty-Four]]''), places which are likely to show up in the Atlas (the Middle East, Paris) and the word I... [[There Is No I in Example|Although you really shouldn't be using that to begin with]].▼
There's only one way to get better at spelling - find a trusted source for correctly-spelled words and consult it. Luckily, there are some reliable dictionaries available for free online.
* If you prefer UK spelling, please consult the [https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/ Cambridge Dictionary].<ref>The Cambridge Dictionary is available online at no charge, which is why ATT recommends it instead of the Oxford English Dictionary.</ref>
* If you prefer US spelling, please consult the [https://www.merriam-webster.com/ Merriam-Webster Dictionary].
Either way, we can't automate the process of checking spelling (yet); you have to use the entries in your dictionary of choice to correct your own work. However, there are some free tools we can recommend (not an exhaustive list, there may be others):
* '''Punctuation:''' (? ! , . : ; ...)▼
** In general, after each punctuation mark there should be a space. ▼
** Exceptions:▼
*** There should be a space ''before'' an open parenthesis ("("), not after.▼
*** Similarly, a quote or double-quote marking the start of a quotation should ''not'' be followed by a space.▼
*** If you have several punctuation marks in a row there are no spaces between the punctuation marks. For example:▼
{{quote|("'Tis strange indeed to see, but true," he said.)}}▼
** We cannot hope to instruct you on when it is appropriate to use a comma. The official rules for this were obviously determined by a bunch of drunk guys playing homebrew [[Wheel of Fortune]]. Just imagine yourself saying the sentence out loud, pause considerably with each comma, add/remove commas accordingly whenever the pacing seems off and hope for the best.▼
** ! and ... carry a lot of emotional punch, [[The Law of Conservation of Excitement|so use them sparingly]]. Spamming the ! is reserved for scenes of utmost urgency; spamming the ... is reserved for fleeting streams of consciousness. Neither of these is likely to belong here. ▼
For spellchecking and grammar checking online:
* [https://www.grammarly.com/grammar-check Grammarly]
* [https://writer.com/grammar-checker/ Writer.com]
* [https://www.grammarcheck.net/editor/ GrammarCheck.net]
For offline grammar editing:
* [https://www.libreoffice.org/ LibreOffice] (free, cross-platform, highly recommended)
* [https://www.openoffice.org/ OpenOffice] (free, cross-platform)
* [https://www.office.com/ Microsoft Office] (has some free/online versions, some may require a fee, offline installs for Windows)
==Capitalization==
▲
==Punctuation==
▲
▲
▲
** In the case of the so-called [[w:Serial comma|"Oxford" or "serial" comma]] -- the comma added at the end of the next-to-last item in a list -- we recommend using it, as it helps prevent unintended interpretations of some lists. For instance:
{{quote|I saw the hippos, Franklin, and Washington.}}
::uses the Oxford comma and makes it pretty clear you saw some large animals ''and'' two Founding Fathers. However,
{{quote|I saw the hippos, Franklin and Washington.}}
::doesn't use the Oxford comma, and sounds like you saw two hippos named after Founding Fathers.
▲
* An ellipsis is three dots long. Adding dots doesn't make the pause in speech any longer. On this wiki (unlike some other websites), there are no spaces in an ellipsis.
==The Apostrophe==
Warning - incoming [[Wall of Text]]. Don't despair! You can do it!
This little thing here → ' '''(the apostrophe)''' causes a lot of trouble. Probably most of the trouble. Some tips on its use:
* One burrito, many burritos - not burrito's. If the s was just added to make a plural, don't use an '.
* A lot of words are actually two words crammed into one, with letters lost on the way: do not → don't, they have → they've, we are → we're, it is → it's, and many others ([[Gotta Catch Them All|Gotta Catch 'em All]]!). The ' in this case means "some letters used to be here". If you can recognize a word as one of these, an ' should go where the missing letters used to be.
* Julia's eyes, Joe's burrito, the burrito's wrapping paper. When a Y belongs to X, you can say it is X's Y, with an '.
:'''EXCEPTION''': pronouns (I, you, he, she, we, they, who, it). These guys are allergic to this use of ''
▲'''EXCEPTION''': pronouns (I, you, he, she, we, they, who, it). These guys are allergic to this use of ''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s'', so they behave completely differently. Most of them even have two different words for "X's Y" and "The Y is X's", just to be confusing.
* ''I'' → ''my'' burrito, the burrito is ''mine''
* ''You'' → ''your'' burrito, the burrito is ''yours'' (''you're'' means ''you are''. ''Your's'' is not a word.)
* ''He'' → ''his'' burrito, the burrito is ''his'' (''he's'' means ''he is'', ''he was'' or ''he has'')
* ''She'' → ''her'' burrito, the burrito is ''hers''
* ''We'' → ''our'' burrito, the burrito is ''ours'' (''our's'' is not a word)
* ''They'' → ''their'' burrito, the burrito is ''theirs'' (''they're'' means ''they are''. ''Their's'' is not a word. ''There'' usually means a place.)
* ''Who'' → ''whose'' burrito is it? Again I ask - the burrito is ''whose''? (''Who's'' means ''who is, who was'' or ''who has'')
* ''It'' → ''its'' burrito, the burrito is ''its''. (This one is a very common pitfall, because ''its'' and ''it's'' [[Captain Obvious|sound exactly the same]]. As long as you remember that ''it's'' is always short for ''it is, it was'' or ''it has'', you'll be fine.)
There do exist circumstances where pronouns can legitimately end up next to apostrophes:
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* The pronoun is part of a relative clause - "Mary bought all that cat John gave her's siblings, she liked it so much," or even "No child of ours's house will ever have mice."
However, the first is pretty much restricted to dialogue, and the second, while technically grammatical, is clunky so is best used only when there's absolutely no alternative. For general prose, avoid both.
Only the apostrophe is used in these cases. The English language doesn't ''ever'' use commas or any other punctuation marks to replace apostrophes.
When in doubt, leave the apostrophe out.
==Other common issues==
Some tropers confuse "would have" for "would of", probably because of the similarity in pronunciation. You can say: ''I would have said it better'', but not ''I would of said it better''. In the same vein, don't say "alot". [http://hyperboleandahalf.blogspot.com/2010/04/alot-is-better-than-you-at-everything.html It isn't a word.] Just remember that "a lot" is the opposite of "a few", and the "a" isn't part of the word "lot". There is a word "allot", but it has nothing to do with "a lot".
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