Chiptune: Difference between revisions

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{{tropeUseful Notes}}
[[File:ae_8bit1_928ae 8bit1 928.jpg|frame]]
'''Chiptunes''' are songs -- orsongs—or song data -- usuallydata—usually designed to be played back by a specific sound chip with limited capabilities. The sound is often associated with early [[Video Game]] and computer systems, though many early synthesizers also often contain similar (or even the same) sound chips. While the term may apply to old or antiquated hardware, it is not specifically exclusive to game music or old songs. Many have repurposed game hardware, and even the sound chips contained inside, to build inexpensive instruments or synths. Nowadays however, chiptunes are only used by stylistic choice.
 
So, while some might consider Chiptunes to epitomize the overuse of synthesizers typical of [[The Eighties|Eighties]] [[Synth Pop]], other listeners consider them a way of demonstrating the composer's mastery over a limited electronic instrument, and likewise many of those composers enjoy that challenge. Fans and composers of the genre will be quick to point out that the resulting sound is the entire point of writing such tunes. Like any music played by a computer, Chiptunes are mathematically perfect, and it's probably a combination of this perfection with a touch of nostalgia that their fans love.
 
Chiptune music is a widespread genre, beloved by many on the Internet, but hasn't really reached mainstream status yet. Despite that, Electronic music in general has been heavily influenced by Chiptunes (mostly classic ones from [[Video Games]] in the 80s), and in recent years mainstream music has shown more and more Chiptune influence. It has reached a point that truly distinguishing between chiptunes and some subgenres of electronic music such as Techno is becoming increasingly difficult.
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An interesting quirk of Chiptunes is that they come out either sounding awesome or like crap, and there is generally no middle ground. And on the listener side, well, [[Love It or Hate It|you'll either think it's great, or you'll think it rubbish]]. [[Take a Third Option|On the other hand, though, depending on what kind of listener you are, you may also think it doesn't interest you OR it has one flaw among the other awesome aspects of composition OR the Capcom's monkiers have become too old and such, so]] decide for yourself!
 
Another interesting quirk that chiptunes share with General [[MIDI]] is that they can be stored in numerous native formats that take up very little space. A full song can be stored in around 10 kilobytes, compared to perhaps 10 megabytes for an [[MP 3MP3]] file. This makes them the ultimate in bandwidth friendly music, particularly if you are stuck on dial-up Internet.
 
A distinct sub-genre is Keygen. Keygen arose out of a simple way to show that someone had devised a program to [[Exactly What It Says Onon the Tin|generate a key]] for an illegally downloaded program, and the music came as a form of signature. However by its very nature as existing as a bonus rather than a form of music, its less known, though it's influences (namely a much more flowing style and slurred notes) have noticeably seeped into the mainstream chiptune scene.
 
And lastly, if you have 20 year-old hardware, fear not! By their very nature, chiptunes are designed to be replayed on something old. Even replayers that emulate the sound chips tend to require very little in the way of resources. It should be no surprise, because of this, that Chiptunes (especially in tracker form) have long been a staple of the [[Demoscene]] and continue to be so to this day. Thus, a lot of chipmusic is available online for free.
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* Composers or bands that utilize chiptunes as one of the many elements in their music. This can range as using sound chip in combination of a rock guitar to using only sound chip except drums.
 
A word of warning before you go hunting for [[Chiptune|'''Chiptunes]]''': the good ones tend to be [[Ear Worm|Ear Worms]]s.
 
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=== '''Notable and/or popular chips used in chiptunes and example systems:''' ===
 
=== '''{{examples|Notable and/or popular chips used in chiptunes and example systems:''' ===}}
Programmable Sound Generators ("PSGs") are often known for their simplistic wave forms:
* The [[NES]], [[Turbo Grafx TurboGrafx-16]] and [[Game Boy]], where sound generation is built into each system's custom CPU. The Famicom Disk System was also capable of primitive FM synthesis.
* [http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Instrument_AY:General Instrument AY-3-8910 |General Instrument AY-3-8910]]: [[Atari ST]], [[Intellivision]], [[MSX]], [[ZX Spectrum]], [[Amstrad CPC]]
* [http[wikipedia://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SN76489 |Texas Instruments SN76489]]: [[ColecovisionColecoVision]], [[BBC Micro]], [[Sega Master System]], [[Game Gear]] (with added stereo support), IBM PCjr and many PC clones (e.g. Tandy 1000) claiming "3 voice" sound. Called TMS9919 when Texas Instruments first used it in the [[TI -99|TI-99/4]].
* [http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/MOS_Technology_SID:MOS Technology SID|MOS Technology SID]]: [[Commodore 64]] in two variants, the 6581 and 8580.
* MOS Technology 8364 "Paula": [[Amiga]]
 
Many Yamaha FM synthesis chips are known for a warmer and/or fuller sound. Tend to be less popular then PSG because of complexity:
* [http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamaha_YM2413:Yamaha YM2413|OPLL]]: Japanese [[Sega Master System]], "MSX-Music" on later [[MSX]] machines (a variant is used in VRC7 Famicom cartridges)
* [http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamaha_YM3812:Yamaha YM3812|OPL2]]: Mainly Adlib and early Sound Blasters
* [http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamaha_YMF262:Yamaha YMF262|OPL3]]: Later Sound Blaster cards
* [http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamaha_YM2151:Yamaha YM2151|OPM]]: [[Sharp X 68000X68000]], numerous [[Arcade Game|Arcade Games]]s by [[Atari]], [[Capcom]], [[Irem]], [[Midway Games]], [[Namco]], [[Sega]], etc.
* [http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamaha_YM2203:Yamaha YM2203|OPN]]: [[PC -88|PC-8801mkIISR]], numerous [[Arcade Game|Arcade Games]]s
* [http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamaha_YM2608:Yamaha YM2608|OPNA]]: Later [[PC 88|PC-88]] and [[PC 98|PC-98]] models
* [http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamaha_YM2610:Yamaha YM2610|OPNB]]: [[Neo Geo]]
* [http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamaha_YM2612:Yamaha YM2612|OPN2]]: The [[Sega Genesis]]/MegaDrive and FM Towns; patch-compatible with the famous Yamaha DX-7
 
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=== '''Notable artists that are at least somewhat chiptune in nature:''' ===
 
{{genreartists}}
* The websites [https://web.archive.org/web/20130925103618/http://www.8bc.org/ 8bitcollective] and [http://www.8bitpeoples.com/ 8bitpeoples] contain many examples, including some from bands listed here .<ref> Collective is more about single songs, and artists will generally upload songs to get feedback from other artists, while peoples focuses on album releases</ref>.
** [http://ubiktune.org/ Ubiktune] is another site that releases albums.
** [[OCOverClocked Re MixRemix]] is heavily associated with the Chiptune scene as well; however in general they tend to make instrumental versions of originally Chiptune songs.
* 1-Up
* 8 Bit Weapon
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* DJ Scotch Egg (and many of Shige Ishihara's other projects)
* [http://dma-sc.atari.org/ DMA-SC]
* [[Dragon Force (video game)]] (fused with [[Heavy Mithril]])
* Dot-AY
* Dubmood
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* [http://freemusicarchive.org/music/glomag/ Glomag]
* GBR
* Some members of the ''[[Homestuck (Webcomic)|Homestuck]]'' music team; though not all of them. Toby "Radiation" Fox is the most noticeable.
* HORSE the Band (Fused with [[Metalcore]])
* [http://www.ifightdragons.com/ I Fight Dragons], a mixture of rock and chiptunes and an all-around nerdcore band.
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** Mayhem
* [http://www.nullsleep.com/ Nullsleep]
* Magnus Pålsson, aka [http://www.souleye.se/home SoulEye], best known for composing the soundtrack for ''[[VVVVVV (Video Game)|VVVVVV]]''.
* Rainbowdragoneyes
* The Reign of Kindo, normally a jazz-influenced indie rock band, made the last-minute decision to record "8Bit Remixes" of every track on their album ''This Is What Happens'', and release it concurrently under the title ''This Is Also What Happens''. Just one look at the [https://web.archive.org/web/20130424200252/http://www.youarethescene.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/00_The_Reign_of_Kindo_-_This_is_Also_What_Happens-2010-COVER.jpg cover] tells you what you're in for.
* Rush Coil
* [http://sabrepulse.blogspot.com/ Sabrepulse], barring two [[E Ps]].
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* SDFDM
* [http://shemusic.org/ she]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120428015336/http://starscreamband.com/ Starscream]
* sylcymk
* [http://trash80.net/ Trash80] (Also makes piano music)
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* Viznut
* You Only Love her Coz She's Dead
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20131020210617/http://www.ymck.net// YMCK]
* Zabutom
* [[Touhou Project|ZUN]]
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{{reflist}}
[[Category:Electronic Music]]
[[Category:Chiptune{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:TropeMusic Genres]]