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Mahjong (view source)

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* Three '''Dragons''' (三元牌), red (中), green (發), and white (白, represented by a dark bluish frame or a completely blank tile face). Occasionally, the dragon tiles are stylized dragons (with white being a dragon in silver ink, or a frame made up of two blue-outlined dragons).
* Eight optional '''Flower''' tiles (花牌), which consists of two sets:
** Four (actual) flower tiles: plum (梅), orchid (蘭), chrysanthemum (菊) and bamboo (竹). <ref>These four plants are part of a [[Flower Motifs|wider motif]] in Chinese art called the [http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Gentlemen:Four Gentlemen|"Four Gentlemen"]].</ref>
** Four season tiles: spring (春), summer (夏), autumn (秋) and winter (冬).
 
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== Mahjong provides examples of: ==
* [[Calvin Ball]]: That's what it looks like when someone tries to explain the rules. Or when one looks at the length of this page.
* [[Flower Motifs]]: The eight Flower tiles. The four non-Season tiles within that set feature the [http://en.[wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Gentlemen:Four Gentlemen|Four Gentlemen]].
* [[House Rules]]: Many, ''many'' of them.
* [[Kyu and Dan Ranks]]: By far the most common ranking system used in Mahjong games and leagues.
* [[Luck -Based Mission]]: Depending on the variant, luck can be anywhere from a minimal factor to becoming the biggest factor in winning. In particular, the Taiwanese variant more than triples your score gain for a win by ''zi mo'' (self pick, "drawn by yourself"; i.e., a lucky draw on your part rather than through another player's discard).
** Some (if not all) Hong Kong rules include the special hand "Picked by the Golden Cock": This is where you win by drawing the Five of Circles from the wall, and gives a ''huge'' bonus (e.g. 100 points in one version, where Mahjong itself is only 20 points). If you have doubles as well, this can result in a crushing lead.
** Most if not all rule variants award an extremely large number of points for certain special hands, which require some lucky draws on the part of the winner:
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* ''[[Higurashi no Naku Koro Ni]]'' has people play mah jong a few different times during the plot, and later on, a [[Gaiden Game]] was created which is basically ''[[Higurashi no Naku Koro Ni]]''+[[Recycled in Space|MAH JONG]]
** This "recycled into a [[Mahjong]] game" business happens to many different series (Evangelion, Gundam, Haruhi-chan, to name a few). Even the Super Mario series is not immune.
* ''[[Saiyuki]]'' - The four main characters are often seen playing Mahjong (and it's all but spelled out that they all cheat blatantly). Sanzo in particular once managed to draw the jaw-droppingly impossible Kokushi Musou (see [[Luck -Based Mission]] above). (But then, he's [[Sanzo]].) Gojyo once wisecracked that the only reason he was saving Goku's life was to make sure they had a fourth for mahjong games.
** Chin Yisou, one of the original series villains, had somewhat of a Mahjong theme.
** The occasion of Sanzo's astonishing draw was doubly symbolically loaded, in that it was concluded with a West tile (as referenced above), suggesting both the group's westward journey and its frequent consequences.
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