Converse Error: Difference between revisions

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Has nothing to do with shoes.
Has nothing to do with shoes.


=== '''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affirming_the_consequent Affirming the consequent]''': ===
=== '''[[wikipedia:Affirming the consequent|Affirming the consequent]]''': ===


:: This claim is most simply put as:
:: This claim is most simply put as:
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:: This is popular in conspiracy theories. Here the fallacy is fairly obvious; given the evidence, the car ''might'' be a Ferrari, but it might also be a Bugatti, Lamborghini, or any other model of performance car, since the ability to travel that fast is not unique to Ferraris. Hell, it might even be a Subaru Outback. Note that while this may appear to call all hypothesis / evidence experiments fallacious, they are based on additional evaluations of the likelihood of ''other'' theories, thus establishing that A ''is'' a likely cause of B.
:: This is popular in conspiracy theories. Here the fallacy is fairly obvious; given the evidence, the car ''might'' be a Ferrari, but it might also be a Bugatti, Lamborghini, or any other model of performance car, since the ability to travel that fast is not unique to Ferraris. Hell, it might even be a Subaru Outback. Note that while this may appear to call all hypothesis / evidence experiments fallacious, they are based on additional evaluations of the likelihood of ''other'' theories, thus establishing that A ''is'' a likely cause of B.


=== '''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denying_the_antecedent Denying the antecedent]''': ===
=== '''[[wikipedia:Denying the antecedent|Denying the antecedent]]''': ===


:: The flip side of the above, where you say that because the initial conditions did not happen, the result is impossible.
:: The flip side of the above, where you say that because the initial conditions did not happen, the result is impossible.
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Therefore I do not have a head. }}
Therefore I do not have a head. }}


:: Note that, by the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contrapositive contrapositive] rule, these two fallacies are equivalent. For example, you could replace "If a person is wearing a hat, they have a head" by the logically identical statement "If a person has no head, they aren't wearing a hat" to turn the first example of denying the antecedent into an example of affirming the consequent.
:: Note that, by the [[wikipedia:Contrapositive|contrapositive]] rule, these two fallacies are equivalent. For example, you could replace "If a person is wearing a hat, they have a head" by the logically identical statement "If a person has no head, they aren't wearing a hat" to turn the first example of denying the antecedent into an example of affirming the consequent.




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{{examples|Examples:}}
{{examples}}
* In ''[[American Dad (Animation)|American Dad]]'', Stan sinks his entire savings to build a rocket for Steve to win a contest.
* In ''[[American Dad (Animation)|American Dad]]'', Stan sinks his entire savings to build a rocket for Steve to win a contest.


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