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{{trope}}
[[File:maleheir_5695maleheir 5695.jpg|frame]]
 
{{quote| ''Hi, I'm Henry the Eighth, president of the Heir Club for Men. Is your dynasty thin and receding? In need of a male heir to keep your noble line continuing? Heir Club for Men has thousands of years of experience providing heir treatments. As the world's leading provider of all proven heir loss solutions, we use our extensive experience to find the heir loss treatment that's right for you. It's an important decision that can accentuate your lifestyle in unimaginable ways. Remember, I'm not just the president, I'm also a client.''}}
 
When there is no male [[Royal Blood|heir]], a [[Succession Crisis]] results, which is reason enough for kings to go to great lengths to get a suitable heir.
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Then again, any old child will not do; for men at least, [[Mama's Baby, Papa's Maybe]] may raise doubts about whether the baby actually is suitable.
 
Although most common in stories about royalty, this trope also includes the common people. This trope is about heirs, and it is not intended to cover cases where the parent(s) merely wish for a boy (or girl) because they would like one, but is only when they wish for one to continue the family name--whenname—when tradition demands it.
 
Also: [[Don't Explain the Joke|The blurb is a reference to]] <s>an [[Memetic Mutation|old meme]].</s> the [[wikipedia:Hair Club|Hair Club for Men]], a company that specializes in hair restoration and hair replacement. The blurb is their actual sales pitch from their web site... with a few words changed to fit this trope.
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== [[Fairy Tale|Fairy Tales]]s ==
* The king and queen in "[[Donkeyskin]]" only had a daughter, and were content with this. But the queen fell ill and died without leaving a male heir, but not before saddling him with the additional restriction that his new wife equal her in beauty and other attributes. Which, after many failed considerations, leads him to the conclusion that his new wife should be {{spoiler|[[Parental Incest|his own daughter]]}}. Because that would be more acceptable than simply {{spoiler|letting her inherit the throne}}. {{spoiler|She manages to escape that situation, and marry a prince, to boot. Thankfully, the prince is not her brother}}.
** Other tales of this type include: "[https://web.archive.org/web/20130718151024/http://www.surlalunefairytales.com/donkeyskin/stories/allfur.html All-Kinds-of-Fur]", "[https://web.archive.org/web/20131020230909/http://www.surlalunefairytales.com/donkeyskin/stories/kingdaughter.html The King Who Wished Marry To His Daughter]", "[https://web.archive.org/web/20130620100644/http://www.surlalunefairytales.com/donkeyskin/stories/shebear.html The She-Bear]", "[https://web.archive.org/web/20140325092007/http://www.surlalunefairytales.com/donkeyskin/stories/margerywhitecoat.html Margery White Coats]", and "[http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/type0510b.html#canziani Golden-Teeth]".
*** There is a kinder version of that tale in which the requirements (the new queen must be as beautiful as the old one with the same golden hair) are the same and the princess is the only one who fulfills them. However the king merely decides to marry her off to one of his advisers and she opts to run away rather than be forced into a loveless marriage.
* In "[https://web.archive.org/web/20130718151309/http://www.surlalunefairytales.com/donkeyskin/stories/catskin.html Catskin]", the nobleman doesn't care about his daughter because he wants a son. When she grows up, he orders her married off to the first man who will have her and she has to run away.
 
 
== [[Film]] ==
* In ''[[Pan's Labyrinth|Pans Labyrinth]]'', Captain Vidal is determined to have a male heir no matter the cost to his wife or his stepdaughter.
* The fact that only males can inherit the throne in ''[[Stardust (film)|Stardust]]'' means that Princess Una isn't a target of her other brothers. It helps they have no idea where she is.
** Not only that, but their law also demands that there be no other contenders, which means that any other male heir has to be dead.
** Of course, it is {{spoiler|Una's son who inherits the throne after all his uncles die}}.
* ''[[Caligula]]'': the emperor refused to marry Caesonia until she bore him a son. When his sister Drusilla pointed out that it would be impossible to tell if the child was actually his, he replied that he would simply keep her under constant guard. The guards would be homosexuals. Who'd been castrated.
* The king in Disney's ''[[Cinderella (Disney film)|Cinderella]]'' wants his son to marry so that he (the king) may have grandchildren. Subverted in that the king [[I Want Grandkids|is more interested in "the pitter patter of little feet"]] rather than having an heir to the throne.
* The king in ''[[Fantaghiro]]'' really insists on having a male heir, as (paraphrased) when his third child was born:
{{quote| '''King:''' ''(as servant brings the baby)'' I have no doubt it's a prince this time! You will bow to him, daughters, for he is SUPERIOR!<br />
''(unwraps the baby on-screen, vagina ensues)''<br />
'''King:''' A GIRL? What SORCERY is this? That white which must have CURSED me! }}
* Possible examples in ''[[The Thief of Bagdad]]''; Jaffar's stated reason for asking for the hand of the princess of Basra is that he wants to start a dynasty. The sultan of Basra then says, "I tried that once, and what have I got? A daughter!" (Of course, Jaffar ''is'' a usurper, for whom having a marriage and heir with royal blood would probably be a bit more important.)
* Frederich is shown praying desperately for a son in ''[[Snow White: A Tale of Terror|Snow White a Tale of Terror]]''. It seems to be the only reason he married Claudia as he is still in love with his dead wife. Claudia, who admitted to her mirror that she really loved him, is not happy when she realizes this.
 
 
== [[Literature]] ==
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* In [[C. S. Lewis|CS Lewis]]' ''[[Prince Caspian]]'', it is when the usurping [[Evil Uncle]] finally gets a male heir that jump-starts the plot and gets Prince Caspian moving. Fast.
* In [[Robert Jordan]]'s ''[[The Wheel of Time]]'', Andor is always ruled by a queen, and it's said that no man has ever survived sitting on the Lion Throne. Every so often there are minor "[[Succession Crisis|wars of succession]]" because it's unclear which woman is next in line.
* ''[[The Assassins of Tamurin]]'': The success of Makina Seval's plot hinges on her adopted daughter Ashken having a male heir with Ardavan. Nilang assures Lale she has a contingency plan -- ifplan—if Ashken's first child should happen to be female, she will quickly be [[Switched At Birth]] with a male child before anyone is the wiser.
* In [[Lois McMaster Bujold]]'s ''[[Chalion|The Curse of Chalion]]'', Roya Orico grasped that the {{spoiler|titular curse}} lay with him and convinced his Royina to secretly lie with his (evil) Chancellor (who was at least polite about it) and said Chancellor's even more evil brother (who was not). When that plan proved unsuccessful (and Royina Sara threatened to kill herself), he summoned his much younger half brother Tediz to court along with his sister Iselle. {{spoiler|Bujold eventually subverts it when Iselle (the bright one to begin with) is left the last of Fonsa's line alive when the titular curse is finally broken.}}
* In the first book of Melanie Rawn's ''Sunrunner'' series, ''[[Dragon Prince]]'', the realm is in an incredibly fragile political situation due solely to the fact High Prince Roelstra has ''seventeen'' daughters, yet no male heir; like Henry VIII in real life, Roelstra has put aside wife after wife, and his daughters (legitimate and illegitimate) are both opportun''ists'' and opportun''ities'', politically. One of the book's key intrigues rests on ensuring (via an elaborate deception) that Roelstra's fourth and current wife bears -- orbears—or ''appears'' to bear -- abear—a son.
* [[Andre Norton]] examples:
** ''[[The Jargoon Pard]]'': Lady Heroise is determined to bear a son she can mold into her puppet and so rule Car do Prawn. Unfortunately her child is a daughter. Luckily the expectant couple in the next room has [[Switched At Birth|just delivered a son]]. But unbeknownst to Heroise the father just happens to be her own long lost half-brother....!
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* ''[[The Tudors]]'' has this in spades, not surprisingly considering that it's a show about Henry VIII.
* In ''[[Robin Hood (TV series)|Robin Hood]]'', Guy of Gisborne makes it very clear on a couple of occasions that he expects Marian to provide him with an heir as soon as possible. He even uses it as a ''pick up line'' after the death of her father.
{{quote| ''What better way to grieve than to create new life?''}}
* ''[[Downton Abbey]]'' has a plot related to the entail of the estate, which is a similar issue to the situation in ''[[Pride and Prejudice]]'' whereby the daughters cannot inherit and the male heir is somewhat distant to the family.
* ''[[The Palace]]'' featured a haughty princess scheming to dethrone her younger brother by destroying his reputation. (There was also another brother in line before her, but getting rid of him would be a [[Royal Brat|piece of cake]] -- assuming—assuming the public [[The Wrongful Heir to the Throne|even let him become king]] in the first place.)
* ''[[Merlin (TV series)|Merlin]]'' When Uther couldn't get an heir, he turned to magic, and it gave him one, but cost him the life of his queen, Ygraine.
* The ''[[NCIS]]'' episode "Newborn King" features a Marine who was sent home after she got pregnant from a fling with a soldier from Afghanistan. The father turned out to be the only heir to a tribe that owned a valuable piece of land, and when he died, his family became ''very'' interested in getting their hands on that baby, sending a trio of Russian mercenaries after the Marine. {{spoiler|It all ends up for naught, as not only does Team Gibbs subdue the mercenaries, but the Marine gives birth to a girl, who is ineligible to inherit.}}
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== [[Video Games]] ==
* [[Gender -Inverted Trope]]: The dual office of Empress and Apostle of Begnion in ''[[Fire Emblem]]: Path of Radiance'' and ''Radiant Dawn''. {{spoiler|The two offices are inadvertently separated when the first-born female of the current generation is thought to have been assassinated, leaving an Empress who cannot hear the Goddess's voice. The true apostle isn't dead, though.}}
* [[Gender -Inverted Trope]]: the Fey Clan in ''[[Ace Attorney]]'' values females over males because only women can be spirit mediums. This means that if a couple has a daughter, the father gets pressed out of the light from ''both'' directions. End result: Kurain Village, home of the Fey Clan, has an ''extremely'' disproportionate divorce rate for its size.
* [[Gender -Inverted Trope]]... Again: In ''[[Suikoden V]]'', the country of Falerna is ruled by a royal house who practice female inheritance of the throne. The Queen rules the country and takes a male consort (decided by an [[Inevitable Tournament]] between the country's various noble houses and other competitors), who becomes commander of the country's armies and Knight Commander of the Queen's royal knights. The main character, who is the eldest-born prince, has no right of succession and is groomed to becoming a statesman or a general in the armies, while his younger sister is groomed to be Queen.
** {{spoiler|The end of the game sees the main character be granted the duties of army commander and royal knight commander by your (newly queened) sister, who currently has no Consort. ''Hopefully'' you're not taking over any other duties of the Consort along with it...}}
* ''[[Persona 4]]'' has the odd example of {{spoiler|Naoto Shirogane}}. As a female {{spoiler|born into a long family of detectives}} she's convinced that she'll never be able to continue the family tradition as a girl {{spoiler|and tries to pass herself off as male until she's exposed}}. Interesting this seems to be all in her head and not her family's view at all. {{spoiler|We never meet her grandfather, only one of his servants, but from the message he delivers it's clear he has no doubt that his granddaughter will make a fine detective and in fact was concerned that she wasn't being true to herself by faking being male.}}
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* In ''[[The Witcher]] 2'', one of the triggers that start the events of the game is that king Foltest has a lack of proper male heirs: He has a bastard son, who is still technically higher on the succession line than Foltest's acknowledged daughter (though said daughter [[Brother-Sister Incest|is also his niece]], which possibly explains that part). {{spoiler|The poor boy is assassinated halfway through the game, leaving his other sister (Foltest's youngest, a bastard daughter) as heir incumbent. Geralt's actions may end up helping to legitimize her claim.}}
* An integral part of ''[[Sengoku (video game)|Sengoku]]'' is ensuring you have male heirs. If you don't, and your clan leader dies, you lose.
* In [[World of Warcraft]], it' sindicated that [[Parents as People|Magni]] was disappointed because his only child Moira was not a male heir. As a ressultresult, Moira became quite bitter, and eventually fell in love with the Dark Iron Dwarves' emperor, before returning to Ironforge to claim her throne after her father [[Taken for Granite|turned into diamond]] in a ritual gone wrong.
 
 
== [[Web Comics]] ==
* Galasso in ''[[Shortpacked]]'' keeps trying to get people to breed with his daughter Conquesta, even though she is a decent heir herself.
** Connie also mentioned to Ethan (after they had sex at Galasso's command) that she was "on the pill", indicating that she may be a bit more assertive than she lets on. She eventually gets sick of this and starts her own business, which appears to be more successful than Galasso's own.
* [[Gender -Inverted Trope]] in ''[[Drowtales]]'' due to a matriarchal society. Thanks to an injury from an enemy, Quain'tana has been unable to produce a suitable ''female'' heir for her clan despite having several daughters. The first hates her and mingles freely with the enemy, the second is possessed by a demon, and her adopted daughter was disowned after being tainted and generally considered a failure. She eventually resorts to {{spoiler|stealing her eldest daughter's first child}} to solve this.
* ''[[Girl Genius]]'': The need to produce a suitable heir to the title of Storm King was central to the plans of [[Ancient Conspiracy|the Knights of Jove]] to reclaim Europa (due to the fact that the Fifty Royal Families care a great deal about succession as security to their power; the Sparks aren't really all that bothered about it). Gil guesses that it was complicated by a long line of fops, idiots, madmen, and women. Apparently, Lucrezia Mongfish solved their problem with the aid of [[Schizo-Tech|genetic engineering]].
 
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** And "I don't know what phallocentric means, but no girls!"
** The story of King Henry VIII from "Margical History Tour"
{{quote| '''Marge''': Sweetie, sometimes a daddy and a mommy decide to live apart. It's not your fault. It's just that you came out the wrong sex and ruined everything.<br />
'''Homer''': So grow a penis or get lost.<br />
'''Lisa''': (grunts and struggles) I can't.<br />
'''Homer''': Bye bye!<br />
'''Lisa''': Well why can't your heir be female. Or why can't we elect our leaders?<br />
'''Homer''': I wonder if I could cannonize a child?<br />
'''Lisa''': Leaving! }}
* On ''[[Batman: The Brave And The Bold|Batman the Brave And The Bold]],'' R'as al-Ghul (see under Comic Books above) tries to convince Robin to [[We Can Rule Together|join him as his heir]], noting that as effective as [[Daddy's Little Villain|Talia]] is, she can't compete with a male heir. Talia is not pleased, and {{spoiler|helps Robin and his companions escape R'as' [[Death Trap]]}}.
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== [[Real Life]] ==
* [[Henry VIII]] of England divorced his first wife because of this. He even went so far as to reject the Roman Catholic Church because they wouldn't let him get his marriages annulled. He had some justification--hisjustification—his father was an upstart who'd taken the throne after a [[Wars of the Roses|long civil war]], and he couldn't be sure a daughter would be accepted. To make matters worse, enemies could make a very good case that each of his daughters was illegitimate--andillegitimate—and in the case of Elizabeth, that she wasn't even his daughter. See: [[The House of Tudor]] for more on him and his family, including Elizabeth I.
** Nowadays, the UK partially averts this: Women may inherit, [[Double Standard|but only if they have no living brothers]]. Moves are underway to at least talk about changing it. In Britain we prefer seismic changes to happen [[Department of Redundancy Department|gradually over time if at all necessary]]. [[The House of Stuart|Big changes in a short period]] can be very unseemly.
** The Kingdom of Hannover was once in a personal union with the United Kingdom, but they only allowed male heirs causing a split when [[Queen VickyVictoria|Victoria]] became Queen.
* Parodied in [https://web.archive.org/web/20100219104149/http://www.theonion.com/content/news/clinton_chastises_hillary_for this] Onion article.
* Absolutely [[Truth in Television]] throughout most of history, and in much of the world. You were an unfortunate queen if you couldn't bear a son -- ifson—if you were lucky, the king wouldn't set you aside. Otherwise, you'd end up divorced, beheaded, poisoned, locked up in a convent, etc. Princesses becoming queens regnant (ruling queens) had all sorts of problems. No one wanted a female ruler, because if she married her kingdom would, most likely, be combined with that of her husband. The Iberian kingdoms solved this problem by having their queens marry their close blood relatives, so the crown stayed inside the kingdom. Queen Maria I of Portugal married her UNCLE to avoid marrying a foreign prince. They had 3three surviving children, and their eldest son married in turn married his aunt (Maria's sister). Mercifully, this marriage produced no children. A lot of kingdoms (notably France) refused to allow women to inherit the throne at all.
** The Iberian example above was not the worst in that corner of Europe. The House of Hapsburg lucked into Castile/Aragon/Burgundy/the Low Countries because the Houses of Valois and Trastámara married a princess into their dynasty and failed to pop out a male heir. To avoid being on the receiving end of this the two branches of their house swapped most of their princesses between the Spanish and Austrian courts. The long term effects of [[wikipedia:Image:Carlos segundo80.png|this policy]]... did not [https://web.archive.org/web/20091027030202/http://www.xs4all.nl/~monarchs/madmonarchs/carlos2/carlos2_bio.htm work out too well] for the [[wikipedia:War of the Spanish Succession|Madrid branch]], and the male line of the Vienna branch puttered to a halt not long afterwards with [[wikipedia:War of the Austrian Succession|predictable results]] (luckily for them, the people who ended up the heirs were content to ''call'' themselves Habsburgs).
** The abovementionedabove-mentioned French Salic Law that prohibits females from ruling France or inheriting noble titles in their own right dates from the 6th Century and directly caused, among other things, the Hundred Years War. On the other hand, it also prevented many English upstarts (since a lot of French princesses married English kings) from staking their claim.
* One of the main reasons for this is that it is assumed that a male would be more capable of defending the family possessions in battle. Another is that the system is a feedback loop: if it is assumed that men should be prejudiced in wills it carries its own encouragement, as a female will take land away while a male will bring it in.
* The [[Unfortunate Implications]] of China's One Child Policy is that, since families want male heirs, they've been having (or ''[[Offing the Offspring|keeping]]'') too many sons and not enough daughters, which means not enough wives to go around (which anyone could tell you is what happens when it's only acceptable to have sons!). Oops! The government eventually had to compromise by allowing girls to inherit their family name and giving families "incentives" (read: money) to have baby girls.
** [[Unfortunate Implications]] aside, that ''would'' have been an effective population control in a generation or two.
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* In ancient Rome, if you weren't able to produce a biological heir, adopting one worked just as fine. In fact, the majority of Roman emperors inherited the empire after having been adopted by the previous emperor. Some even disregarded their biological children in favour of an heir of their choosing. Julius Caesar, for example, had a son by Cleopatra, but chose to adopt his sister's grandson as his firstborn son and made him his heir instead. This adopted son later became known as Emperor Augustus, who in turn adopted his wife's first son (fathered by her previous husband) as his heir. This proved to be a smart tactic, as often the person who seemed best suited to take over the empire would be adopted by the emperor, instead of trusting that pure biology would make someone a great leader.
** Julius Caesar couldn't adopt any of his illegitimate sons (he had several, Caesarion was merely the most famous) because they weren't Roman citizens. He had only one child who was a Roman citizen, Julia Caesaris, and she and her infant son predeceased him.
*** Fair point, but, Caesar was the law during his last years. If he wanted Caesarion to be his lawful heir he would have made it so (and there were many among his assassins who feared he might). Caesar was just smart enough to know that while he could adjust the law to make Caesarion his legal heir, the Roman population would probably not accept it, so he chose his well-apt great-nephew instead.
*** Who then went on and murdered Caesarion just in case he would dare to claim the throne as his.
* In Japan, there was a rather large controversy about there not being a suitable male heir to inherit the imperial throne, such that it came to the point that they were about to change the constitution to allow a woman to do so. Fortunately (or unfortunately, depending on your view re:regarding tradition v.versus feminism) someone finally popped out a boy, meaning that the question was staved off for at least another generation.
** The former Imperial Princess had actually suffered from severe stress-induced illnesses from the pressure, to where her husband actually ''publicly rebuked his whole family'' for it.
*** The actual problem is not a female emperor - there were already some. But in the whole time none of them had a child that inherited the throne. By now this already developed into an unofficial rule and having only a baby girl means that nobody after her can inherit. Another part of the problem is that all other lines of the imperial family were given surnames (=making them commoners which cannot inherit) after WWII[[World War II]] and no distant cousin can come to the rescue after it.
* Five European countries have done away with this altogether: Sweden, the Netherlands, Norway, Belgium, and Denmark. In other words, these countries provide that a woman can inherit the throne ''even if she has younger brothers'' (sometimes known as "absolute primogeniture"). The first of these changes was passed in Sweden effective January 1, 1980, and so far no woman has actually inherited a crown via absolute primogeniture; Sweden's Crown Princess Victoria is likely to eventually become the first woman in the modern world to inherit a crown despite having a living brother. (Even though the Netherlands and Denmark have queens now, those queens didn't have any brothers.)
** There are occasional rumours of the UK doing something similar, and even if they did so the top three in the line of succession (Charles, Elizabeth II's eldest child as well as eldest son and Charles's two sons) wouldn't change. This is complicated by the fact that the Commonwealth nations that are still constitutional monarchies (Australia, New Zealand, Canada, etc.) need to be in agreement otherwise you might wind up with multiple, separate lines of succession or Australia becoming a republic.
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** In light of this, and other, gender tropes, some of these monarchies (UK, Netherlands, Denmark) may give the title of queen to the wife of a male heir, but give a title like prince consort to the husband of a female heir: If they named the husband King, people might get the impression that he's the head of state. Also, from the 1600s to the 1900s it was considered shameful and effeminate in much of the West for a man to take a title, even King, based on his wife's status.
*** The UK example complicates things even further, as because nobody really likes Prince Charles' second wife Camilla, she will probably only ever be referred to as "Princess Consort Camilla" should Charles take the throne, even though she will legally be Queen. Weird, eh?
**** In recent years{{when}} though public opinion has been warming up to Camilla, and when Charles does become King in due time, there might be very few who would object to a Queen Camilla.
* Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden completely averted this trope by making his daughter Christina the heir of the throne. He even ordered that Christina should be brought up as a prince, which means that she received an education that was completely reserved to the males. Her gender role was so inverted that Axel Oxenstierna even wrote that "She is not at all like a female", because she had "a bright intelligence". Although, it must be pointed out that Christina herself didn't like being a queen.
** Unfortunately did not work out so well in this case, and it's notable that Gustavus Adolphus did have older illegitimate children, including one who was a military officer and by all accounts brilliant. Christina tired of ruling, abdicated to her Cousin, and the empire her father put together did not last.
* Also averted by [[Maria Theresa]] of Austria. When a series of unfortunate events killed of all other available male heirs, her father issued a pragmatic sanction that left the Habsburg domains to her. He paid many rulers to accept it and not contest her claim to the throne once she would succeed him. Of course, when he did die, many thought this was a prime opportunity to go back on their word and grab some land. It mostly didn't work out (Silesia was lost to Prussia, the Habsburgs ''almost'' gained Bavaria, but otherwise Maria Theresa went on to rule the Habsburg domains for 40 years).
** For those who don't get the technicality, "Pragmatic Sanction" was the term under Habsburg law for, "exception to normal proceedings issued by Imperial decree". An important succession tangle might be the reason for issuing one, and this one was the most famous Pragmatic Sanction. As might be expected it required a considerable amount of negotiation to butter up the Imperial nobility before getting it through. For more information read Edward Crankshaw's excellent biography of Maria Theresa.
* The Netherlands avert this BIG- time. When Prince Willem gains the throne, he will be the first male monarch on the Dutch throne in over ''120 years''.
** This happened more by coincidence than anything else. Wilhelmina was the sole surviving child of William III, Juliana was a single child, and Beatrix has no male siblings.
* Another [[Real Life]] aversion: [[wikipedia:Jadwiga of Poland|Jadwiga]], a medieval king of Poland. Yes, her official title was [[She Is the King|King, not Queen]]. Apparently, she couldn't rule the country as a Queen, but [[Aint No Rule|there was no rule]] specifying the King must be male.
** Likewise [[Maria Theresa]] (above) was proclaimed '''King''' of Hungary. Moriamur pro rege nostra Maria Theresa!
* It was this issue that started a period in English history known as The Anarchy, when Henry I named his lone surviving child, Matilda, his heir. It was a bit more complicated, in that not only were the Anglo-Norman barons wary of having a woman on the throne, but her husband was from Anjou, Normandy's rival. A faction of barons helped Stephen of Blois onto the throne, which plunged England into 19 years of civil war until a resolution was reached where Stephen's own sons would be bypassed for succession in favor of Matilda's son, the future Henry II, who was the founder of England's Plantagenet dynasty, which of course produced some of England's most famous kings, likeincluding Richard the Lionheart, Edward I 'Longshanks', and Edward III.
** CourseOf course, by then Stephen only had one legitimate son left, who had no interest in ruling.
*** The situation was even more complicated than that: Salic law didn't just bar women from the throne;, it also barred male claimants who were descended from the royal bloodline via female ancestors; since medieval European princesses invariably married foreign kings and dukes, this was put into place to keep the crown passing into the hands of a foreigner. Although it was legally reinforced in France in the early 1300's ([[Hundred Years' War|precisely because the French nobility could foresee the aforementioned emergency occurring in the near-to-middling future]]), it actually existed since the days of the Frankish Empire and was legally extant at the time of the Anarchy. In the case of the Anarchy, the scenario was this: On one hand, a woman who was the heiress of the previous king (and Duke of Normandy; that part is important because it was really questionable whether or not the Salic Law applied in England); on the other hand, a man who was the son of a daughter of William the Conqueror and was himself considered to be non-Norman... lawyers had a field day with this. One of the accomplishments of the Anarchy, by the by, was to establish both the legal principle of the Salic Law not applying in Britain and the idea that practically, a woman could not hold the English crown... both of which had ''huge'' reprecussionsrepercussions [[The House of Tudor|a few generations down the line]].
* This trope still exists today as [[Real Life]] examples can be found in modern China, India, and other nations, where the birth of a female is often met with disappointment. The wish for a male is reinforced by several patriarchal traditions; the male child is usually the one who passes down the family name while the female takes her husband's name, the male child inherits the property while anything inherited by the female goes to her husband, and the male would be responsible for caring for his parents in their old age, while the female was expected to marry into her husband's family and care for ''his'' parents.
** As noted above, this has had rather terrible consequences for China. However, India has not been immune to the same pressures: despite the absence of a policy ''requiring'' that families limit their size, increasing prosperity and a government awareness campaign on overpopulation have caused many Indians to want to limit the size of their families (typically 2-3 children). However, the traditional attitudes remain, and many Indian women selectively abort female children, although this is technically illegal. While the gender ratios in India are nowhere nearly as skewed as in China, it is a problem that the Indian government is taking quite seriously.
*** Lest you think that this is a problem of India and China only, the phenomenon is actually running rampant in the increasingly-prosperous nations of Asia, and to a much lesser extent Africa as well. Perhaps surprisingly, the developing countries of the Arab World have been largely exempt from this; explanations range from the explicit ban on killing female newborns in Islam<ref>A pre-Islamic Arab custom explicitly denounced by God and the Prophet as barbaric</ref> and the abortion taboo in Islamic culture to the Arab custom of giving a dower rather than a dowry (i.e. the groom and his family pay/give a gift to the bride and her family, not the other way around, as in India).
* Dom Pedro II, Emperor of Brazil, reacted differently to the fact that neither of his sons survived: He thought that was a sign that the monarchy was doomed. This was one reason he showed no resistance to being overthrown. Sadly, Brazil pretty much went to hell after his overthrow (republican rule was a ploy by the wealthy landowning <ref>and until a year before the establishment of the Republic, slaveowningslave-owning</ref> elite as a ploy to maintain power).
 
{{reflist}}
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Royalty and Nobility Tropes]]
[[Category:Princely Tropes]]
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[[Category:Double Standard]]
[[Category:Fairy Tale Tropes]]
[[Category:HeirWill Cluband forInheritance MenTropes]]