Mahjong: Difference between revisions
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Mahjong (麻將) is arguably the quintessential East Asian gambling game, although it does not require money stakes. It originated in China during the last half of the 19th century, although the exact details of its creation are [[Shrouded in Myth]]. It also has numerous variants; common variants with major differences from the Chinese/Hong Kong variants are detailed in their own sections below. It is not to be confused (although it far too often is) with [[Shanghai (video game)|Shanghai]] (aka [[Mahjong Solitaire]]), which is a completely different one-player tile-matching game played with Mahjong tiles.
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* Three '''Dragons''' (三元牌), red (中), green (發), and white (白, represented by a dark bluish frame or a completely blank tile face). Occasionally, the dragon tiles are stylized dragons (with white being a dragon in silver ink, or a frame made up of two blue-outlined dragons).
* Eight optional '''Flower''' tiles (花牌), which consists of two sets:
** Four (actual) flower tiles: plum (梅), orchid (蘭), chrysanthemum (菊) and bamboo (竹).
** Four season tiles: spring (春), summer (夏), autumn (秋) and winter (冬).
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* The American set uses 152 tiles, including 8 jokers (wild card tiles, which are used to form sets of 5 tiles, known as ''quints'');
* Tiles are passed among players at the beginning of the game, much like modern versions of the game of Hearts. As befits the era the game first became big in the US, the passing rounds are known as "Charlestons".
* The biggest difference of all is that winning hands are not composed of a number of standard sets, but rather based on a series of hands listed on cards issued annually by the
Notably, the NJML was founded by primarily Jewish players, and even today in the US many Mah Jongg players are of Jewish descent.
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== Mahjong provides examples of
* [[Calvin Ball]]: That's what it looks like when someone tries to explain the rules. Or when one looks at the length of this page.
* [[Flower Motifs]]: The eight Flower tiles. The four non-Season tiles within that set feature the [[wikipedia:Four Gentlemen|Four Gentlemen]].
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* [[Obvious Rule Patch]]: The "kuitan nashi" house rule in the Japanese Riichi variant.
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== Works that feature Mahjong
== [[Anime]] and [[Manga]] ==
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* ''[[Detective Conan]]'' - Kogorou loves playing it, but he's not very good; and Ran, being [[Born Lucky]], tends to win rather improbable hands.
* ''[[Higurashi no Naku Koro ni]]'' has people play mah jong a few different times during the plot, and later on, a [[Gaiden Game]] was created which is basically ''[[Higurashi no Naku Koro ni]]''+[[Recycled in Space|MAH JONG]]
** This "recycled into a
* ''[[Saiyuki]]'' - The four main characters are often seen playing Mahjong (and it's all but spelled out that they all cheat blatantly). Sanzo in particular once managed to draw the jaw-droppingly impossible Kokushi Musou (see [[Luck-Based Mission]] above). (But then, he's [[Sanzo]].) Gojyo once wisecracked that the only reason he was saving Goku's life was to make sure they had a fourth for mahjong games.
** Chin Yisou, one of the original series villains, had somewhat of a Mahjong theme.
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== [[Video Games]] ==
* Litchi Faye-Ling of ''[[Blaz Blue]]'' needed a few more [[Chinese Girl|Chinese]]
* In ''Killer7'' you witness a mahjong game between four negotiators, which ends with the quad-suicide as a result of one party declaring Ron without realizing that he was in Furiten. This symbolizes the backdoor dealings in the world of politics.
* There's a [[Touhou]] fangame, titled ''Touhou Unreal Mahjong'', which revolves around mysterious Mahjong boards appearing. It uses Riichi rules, plus special abilities.
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[[Category:Useful Notes/China]]
[[Category:Mahjong]]
[[Category:Tabletop
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