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'''Spoiler Alert:''' Due to the nature of this trope, the mere listing of a work as an example could be a spoiler. While contributors are encouraged to hide spoilers where appropriate, reader beware.
A subtrope of [[Playing Both Sides]]. May involve the [[Mole in Charge]]. Compare [[Xanatos Gambit]] if the one doing the running benefits regardless of who wins or if anyone wins at all.
{{examples|Examples:}}▼
== Anime and Manga ==
* In ''[[Darker
* In ''[[Madlax]]'', Enfant had been supplying and coordinating both sides of the Gatz-Sonikan civil war.
▲* In ''[[Darker Than Black]]'', nearly everyone works for [[The Syndicate]], although most of them don't know it. Part of the point of this is to trick Contractors into wiping themselves out, as most of them work for various intelligence agencies in (seeming) opposition.
▲* In ''[[Madlax]]'', Enfant had been supplying and coordinating both sides of the Gatz-Sonikan civil war.
* In ''[[Gundam Wing]]'', Zechs Merquise and Treize Khushrenada assume control of [[La Résistance]] and [[The Federation]] respectively and get into a giant, potentially apocalyptic war. While they seem to be bitter enemies, the anime strongly implies (and the manga outright states) that the whole thing is a [[Batman Gambit]] to bring peace by showing humanity just how [[War Is Hell|terrible war really is]].
== Comic Books ==
* In ''[[Nextwave]]'', the 'wavers discover that their anti-terrorist agency H.A.T.E. is actually owned and run by the Beyond© Corporation, the very terrorists they're supposed to be fighting.
* In [[Marvel Comics]], it turned out that HYDRA secretly owned S.H.I.E.L.D.
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== Film ==
* In the ''[[Star Wars]]'' prequel trilogy, Senator Palpatine [[You Should Know This Already|ends up in charge of both]] the republic as Supreme Chancellor and its enemies as Darth Sidious. As chancellor, the conflict is useful to him politically, so he encourages it.
* In ''[[Wag the Dog]]'', political advisors attempt to create an "artificial war" — and trick the public into thinking it's the real thing.
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* In ''[[Cars 2]]'', {{spoiler|Sir Miles Axelrod is hosting the World Grand Prix to promote his Allinol ''and'' is the shadowy leader of the Lemons.}} This is all part of a larger effort to discredit alternative fuels and encourage greater reliance on conventional petroleum sources.
* In the 1987 ''[[Dragnet]]'' movie, Reverend Whirley is {{spoiler|the head of P.A.G.A.N.}}.
== Literature ==
* ''Random Factor'' series: a giant space war has been going on for years. Then stuff starts going wrong, and the main character manages to gain access to the sentient AI running his side's war effort... but finds that actually, the two sides are orchestrating the war pretty precisely. Oh, and the people actually fighting and dying are half-size test-tube clones, on half-size space ships. Saves money, that way.
* It's done in ''[[
* ''[[Illuminatus]]'': {{spoiler|Hagbard Celine is the leader of both the Legion of Dynamic Discord and the Illuminati.}}
* In ''[[Nineteen Eighty
* In [[Mercedes Lackey]]'s ''Dragon Jouster'' series, it is discovered that both leaders of the warring nations (expys of Upper and Lower Ancient Egypt) are being manipulated by a corrupt Magician's Guild. The death-energies from the soldiers in battle are harnessed as sacrifices to fuel an immortality/youth spell.
* Tanya Huff's ''Valor'' series has this as a reveal in the last book: A heretofore unknown shapeshifting alien race started an intergalactic war just to study how the different species would behave, like mice in a labyrinth.
* In ''[[Discworld]]'', it has been said (in ''[[
* Part of [[The Reveal]] in [[
* In the ''[[
* In the ''[[
* ''[[Ender's Game]]'' has Peter and Valentine Wiggin. They are genius children using primitive, pre-Internet [[Sock Puppet
* ''[[Hard
== Professional Wrestling ==
* In 1999, [[WWF]] featured a long and convoluted storyline about [[The Undertaker]] and his [[Power Stable|Ministry Of Darkness]] attempting to seize control of the WWF from [[Heel Face Turn|former bad guy]] [[Vince McMahon]] under the orders of a mysterious figure known only as "The Higher Power". This "Higher Power" turned out to be... [[Vince McMahon]]. The [[Ministry of Darkness]] then merged with [[The Corporation]] to become the Corporate Ministry, and about five months of storyline were [[Shaggy Dog Story|thrown out the window]].
== Tabletop Games ==
* Several ''[[Warhammer Fantasy Battle]]'' chaos gods are prone to this, especially Tzeentch (the god of magic, messing with fate and [[Gambit Roulette]]) and Zuvassin (a minor chaos god of spite and failure).▼
▲* Several ''[[Warhammer]]'' chaos gods are prone to this, especially Tzeentch (the god of magic, messing with fate and [[Gambit Roulette]]) and Zuvassin (a minor chaos god of spite and failure).
* ''[[Ace Combat|Ace Combat 5]]'': The Belkans are aggravating/running both sides of the war.
* In one of the ''[[Paranoia]]'' supplements, it's revealed that Friend Computer actually founded all the secret societies, just to see what would happen.
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== Video Games ==
* The Announcer in ''[[
▲* The Announcer in ''[[Team Fortress 2 (Video Game)|Team Fortress 2]]''. To quote from her character entry: "[[In a World]] where a lot of guys dressed up in red fight a lot of guys dressed up in blue, it's telling that she dresses in purple."
* The recurring CEO/weapon merchant/villain in ''[[Rogue Galaxy]]'' attempts to do this with the two biggest nations around so that he can continue to profit.
* ''[[Crackdown]]'': [[The Reveal]] at the end of the game is that the leader of The Agency, a superpowered law-enforcement agency for which you're an agent, was the reason the city turned into such a den of crime in the first place — he'd been supplying the gangs with weapons, transportation and intel for years, turning them from random punks into serious threats. Thus, he got an excuse to declare martial law and unleash the Agents on the city... exactly what the point was, though, is never explained.
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** In the backstory {{spoiler|The Templars were behind both the Allies and the Axis during World War 2. Churchill and Hitler were both part of the Order.}}
* In ''Headhunter'', the head of the criminal organisation also turns out to be the one in charge of the Anti-Crime Network.
* It's hard to tell how many sides there are in ''[[
** Well, the party and Dmitri Yuriev. {{spoiler|Wilhelm}} has accounted for his actions and doesn't see him as a real threat, but Yuriev isn't actually under his control. Ormus/U-TIC, Vector, Hyams Heavy Industries, and large parts of the Federation, on the other hand...
* {{spoiler|Irving}} of ''[[Wild
* In ''[[
* Admiral Tolwyn in ''[[Wing Commander (
* In ''[[Deus Ex: Invisible War
* ''[[
== Web Original ==
* The alternate reality from [[That Guy With
▲* In ''[[Red vs. Blue (Machinima)|Red vs. Blue]]'', both sides report to Vic at Red/Blue Command.
* In ''[[
▲* The alternate reality from [[That Guy With the Glasses|You're A Rotten Dirty Bastard]] has [[Marvel]] and [[DC Comics]] owned by [[Atop the Fourth Wall (Web Video)|Linkara]], who wants a faithful adaptation of [[Iron Man]] vs. [[Batman]] III.
▲== Webcomics ==
▲* In ''[[Drow Tales]]'', it turns out that the mysterious Nidraa'chal leader is actually {{spoiler|Snadhya'rune Vel'Sharen, and two of her sisters were in on the plot as well in order to get rid of their mother.}}
* In ''[[Order of the Stick]]'', {{spoiler|Elan's father's adventuring party}} [http://www.giantitp.com/comics/oots0758.html has arranged to rule the better part of a continent by doing this].
== Western Animation ==
* ''[[Rocky and Bullwinkle]]'': Boris Badenov did this in "Missouri Mish-Mash."
== Conspiracy Theories ==
* Look at old photos of [[Abraham Lincoln]] and Jefferson Davis, the two leaders in the [[American Civil War]]. It's obviously the same guy. He wears a big fake beard as "Lincoln" and a swoopy wig as "Davis", but the cheekbones and eyes are identical. Then there is the ''
▲* Look at old photos of [[Abraham Lincoln]] and Jefferson Davis, the two leaders in the [[American Civil War]]. It's obviously the same guy. He wears a big fake beard as "Lincoln" and a swoopy wig as "Davis", but the cheekbones and eyes are identical. Then there is the ''{{media|lincoln_squirrel_2930.jpg| squirrel!}}''.
== [[Real Life]] ==
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* During the medieval, renaissance, and early-modern periods, Europe was basically run by a few closely interrelated families. The monarch of one warring nation could easily be prominent in the line of succession for the other's throne.
** More than one conflict was actually resolved by a "personal union," where the same person simply became the ruler of both states. Most famously in the English-speaking world, Queen Elizabeth I ended the off-and-on war between England and Scotland by giving the English throne to King James of Scotland.
* Nanai Wrestling Dance. Find a video, the illusion is amazing when a good performer does this — you'll repeatedly have to blink and re-establish that there's indeed only one guy "wrestling" with himself.
** Became the Russian metaphor for this trope (e.g. in headings like: "Is struggle against corruption the sort of Nanai Wrestling?").
{{reflist}}
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