Sampling: Difference between revisions
Content added Content deleted
m (Mass update links) |
m (Mass update links) |
||
Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
Now it's unoriginal by definition, but it's not copyright infringement, as long as the source is either public domain or properly licensed out. And done right, it can be a great way to add mood to an extra work. Sadly, copyright law is still extremely murky in this area, as most rap producers in [[The Eighties]] ignored the laws without consequence, and only a few landmark lawsuits, such as the ''Grand Upright Music Ltd. vs. Warner Bros. Records Inc.'' case of 1991 established that sampling must be approved by original copyright owners. |
Now it's unoriginal by definition, but it's not copyright infringement, as long as the source is either public domain or properly licensed out. And done right, it can be a great way to add mood to an extra work. Sadly, copyright law is still extremely murky in this area, as most rap producers in [[The Eighties]] ignored the laws without consequence, and only a few landmark lawsuits, such as the ''Grand Upright Music Ltd. vs. Warner Bros. Records Inc.'' case of 1991 established that sampling must be approved by original copyright owners. |
||
There are many methods of sampling, but the most widespread nowadays and the one attracting the most [[Hatedom]] is the "loop-it-and-leave-it" method, which basically implies sampling a part of or a whole song, repeating it, and then rapping over it. This often attracts criticism because of its "lazy" and "unoriginal" nature. Compare, for example, [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTiaKzDFDmY "I'll Be Missing You"] by Puff Daddy, with its telegraphed-from-a-mile-away easily recognizable sample (from [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TH_YbBHVF4g "Every Breath You Take"] by [[ |
There are many methods of sampling, but the most widespread nowadays and the one attracting the most [[Hatedom]] is the "loop-it-and-leave-it" method, which basically implies sampling a part of or a whole song, repeating it, and then rapping over it. This often attracts criticism because of its "lazy" and "unoriginal" nature. Compare, for example, [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTiaKzDFDmY "I'll Be Missing You"] by Puff Daddy, with its telegraphed-from-a-mile-away easily recognizable sample (from [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TH_YbBHVF4g "Every Breath You Take"] by [[The Police]]), or the Bomb Squad's work with [[Public Enemy]], with its dense layers of samples that [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vYblg4i2HD8 aren't] [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eQQ413Zff9c easily] [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gWna-0J27Mw recognizable]. |
||
If you're interested in lists of who sampled what and where, [http://www.the-breaks.com/ The-Breaks] and [http://www.whosampled.com Who Sampled] are great reference sites. |
If you're interested in lists of who sampled what and where, [http://www.the-breaks.com/ The-Breaks] and [http://www.whosampled.com Who Sampled] are great reference sites. |
||
Line 22: | Line 22: | ||
* ''Negativland''. |
* ''Negativland''. |
||
** Speaking of which, they got in trouble for sampling [[ |
** Speaking of which, they got in trouble for sampling [[U2]]. The album with songs sampled from such band would get re-released 10 years later as ''These Guys Are from England and Who Gives a Shit''. |
||
*** Casey Kasem was probably less than thrilled with the use of some of his swearier outtakes. |
*** Casey Kasem was probably less than thrilled with the use of some of his swearier outtakes. |
||
* [[Radiohead]] makes some interesting usage of samples: |
* [[Radiohead]] makes some interesting usage of samples: |
||
Line 37: | Line 37: | ||
== Electronic == |
== Electronic == |
||
* The album version of "U Don't Know Me" by Armand Van Helden contained a sample from (of all things) a [[ |
* The album version of "U Don't Know Me" by Armand Van Helden contained a sample from (of all things) a [[Dexter's Laboratory|Dial M For Monkey]] cartoon. |
||
* Virtually every track from the Goa Trance and Psychedelic Trance genres samples a movie, usually a sci-fi one. |
* Virtually every track from the Goa Trance and Psychedelic Trance genres samples a movie, usually a sci-fi one. |
||
* The JAMS got in trouble for sampling ABBA. [[wikipedia:Who Killed The JAMs%3F|So they burned the albums in a field.]] |
* The JAMS got in trouble for sampling ABBA. [[wikipedia:Who Killed The JAMs%3F|So they burned the albums in a field.]] |
||
* "Cola Bottle Baby" got sped up and sampled into "Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger" by [[ |
* "Cola Bottle Baby" got sped up and sampled into "Harder, Better, Faster, Stronger" by [[Daft Punk]]. This wouldn't be notable, except that ''that'' song got sampled into Stronger by Kanye West, slowing back down in the process. |
||
** Kanye himself is one of the most prolific samplers in the industry; see [[Kanye West|his page]]. |
** Kanye himself is one of the most prolific samplers in the industry; see [[Kanye West|his page]]. |
||
** Although West only sampled the new Daft Punk vocals, so the original melody is kind of lost. |
** Although West only sampled the new Daft Punk vocals, so the original melody is kind of lost. |
||
** [[ |
** [[Daft Punk]] also deserves an award for Most Unlikely Techno Sample: "Superheroes" is based around a sample from ''Barry Manilow'' (the song "Who's Been Sleeping in My Bed"). |
||
*** Daft Punk does a lot of sampling, actually. It's fun to try to figure out which parts are samples and where the samples came from. |
*** Daft Punk does a lot of sampling, actually. It's fun to try to figure out which parts are samples and where the samples came from. |
||
*** In fact, the reason their album ''Discovery'' received the nicknames ''veryDisco'' and ''Disco? Very!'' was partly because of the sampling on the album. |
*** In fact, the reason their album ''Discovery'' received the nicknames ''veryDisco'' and ''Disco? Very!'' was partly because of the sampling on the album. |
||
Line 67: | Line 67: | ||
== Hip Hop == |
== Hip Hop == |
||
* Arguable [[Trope Codifier]] - [[The KLF]], which stands for Kopyright Liberation Foundation. They were art-terrorist types who built a musical career on silly, blatant sampling done with no permission, [[Troll|upsetting a lot of people]]. Particularly [[ |
* Arguable [[Trope Codifier]] - [[The KLF]], which stands for Kopyright Liberation Foundation. They were art-terrorist types who built a musical career on silly, blatant sampling done with no permission, [[Troll|upsetting a lot of people]]. Particularly [[ABBA]]. |
||
* The groups which have used this technique to [[Quality |
* The groups which have used this technique to [[Quality by Popular Vote|most critical acclaim]] are: the [[Beastie Boys]] ([[wikipedia:Paulchr(27)s Boutique|''Paul's Boutique'']], produced in collaboration with the Dust Brothers and sampling a whopping total of 105 songs/movies), Public Enemy (the Bomb Squad were famous for creating noisy, intense songs from lots of samples at once), DJ Shadow ([[wikipedia:Endtroducing|''Endtroducing....'']]) and [[Esham]] ([[wikipedia:Judgement Day (album)|''Judgement Day'']]). |
||
** And when Public Enemy did build a song ("he got game") around one recognizable sample, the signature harmonic riff from Buffalo Springfield's "For What It's Worth," they [[Awesome Music (Sugar Wiki)|actually got Steven Stills to sing the bridge for them and appear in the video]]. |
** And when Public Enemy did build a song ("he got game") around one recognizable sample, the signature harmonic riff from Buffalo Springfield's "For What It's Worth," they [[Awesome Music (Sugar Wiki)|actually got Steven Stills to sing the bridge for them and appear in the video]]. |
||
** As Spike TV [http://www.spike.com/articles/fm8o7q/the-top-10-classic-albums-that-accidentally-ruined-music pointed out], ''Paul's Boutique'' probably helped the copyright laws that lead to a lesser number of samples to appear. |
** As Spike TV [http://www.spike.com/articles/fm8o7q/the-top-10-classic-albums-that-accidentally-ruined-music pointed out], ''Paul's Boutique'' probably helped the copyright laws that lead to a lesser number of samples to appear. |
||
* The [[ |
* The [[Wu-Tang Clan]] loved using clips from old Chop Socky flicks. |
||
* A rare example of a song from an anime being sampled in a Western track would be a sample from [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l9_p-nhZXLg "Rain] by [[Yoko Kanno]] sped up to produce [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iviaSSEdHtE "The Rain"] by indie hip hop artist [[Tech |
* A rare example of a song from an anime being sampled in a Western track would be a sample from [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l9_p-nhZXLg "Rain] by [[Yoko Kanno]] sped up to produce [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iviaSSEdHtE "The Rain"] by indie hip hop artist [[Tech N9ne]]. At the very end, the clip slows down and Mai Yamane's distinctive voice can be heard. |
||
** Another example can be found in Fat Jon's [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FEVpCu-9qro "Talk To Me"], which samples "Melfina's Song" from ''[[Outlaw Star]]''. Granted, this ''is'' the guy who later went on to co-write the soundtrack for ''[[Samurai Champloo]]''... |
** Another example can be found in Fat Jon's [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FEVpCu-9qro "Talk To Me"], which samples "Melfina's Song" from ''[[Outlaw Star]]''. Granted, this ''is'' the guy who later went on to co-write the soundtrack for ''[[Samurai Champloo]]''... |
||
** Das Racist sampled the closing credits theme to ''[[Samurai Champloo]]'' in their song "Rappin 2 U". Apparently rappers love [[Shinichiro Watanabe]] (which isn't really that surprising). |
** Das Racist sampled the closing credits theme to ''[[Samurai Champloo]]'' in their song "Rappin 2 U". Apparently rappers love [[Shinichiro Watanabe]] (which isn't really that surprising). |
||
** MF DOOM (as one of his [[Split Personality|many alter egos]] King Geedorah) sampled incidental music from ''Gatchaman'' in his song "The Fine Print". |
** MF DOOM (as one of his [[Split Personality|many alter egos]] King Geedorah) sampled incidental music from ''Gatchaman'' in his song "The Fine Print". |
||
* Wiz Khalifa's song [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PKWFvbgkWls "Never Been"] samples "Schala's Theme" from [[ |
* Wiz Khalifa's song [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PKWFvbgkWls "Never Been"] samples "Schala's Theme" from [[Chrono Trigger]]. |
||
* Mr. Scruff likewise builds a great deal of his music out of samples. Probably his best-known -- since it was used in several commercials -- is [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MS_CLIF1h-o "Get A Move On"], which tears down and reconstructs an old Moondog track, [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jSimbyS_YlA "Bird's Lament"]. |
* Mr. Scruff likewise builds a great deal of his music out of samples. Probably his best-known -- since it was used in several commercials -- is [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MS_CLIF1h-o "Get A Move On"], which tears down and reconstructs an old Moondog track, [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jSimbyS_YlA "Bird's Lament"]. |
||
* The "Oh-wha-oh!" from The Buggles' "Video Killed the Radio Star" was sampled for "Check It Out" by [[ |
* The "Oh-wha-oh!" from The Buggles' "Video Killed the Radio Star" was sampled for "Check It Out" by [[Nicki Minaj]] featuring will.i.am. |
||
** Also in Orbital's "Don't Stop Me". |
** Also in Orbital's "Don't Stop Me". |
||
* Puff Daddy and his Bad Boy record label often get the worst criticism for simplistic sampling methods. One example is "Come With Me", which samples from [[Led Zeppelin |
* Puff Daddy and his Bad Boy record label often get the worst criticism for simplistic sampling methods. One example is "Come With Me", which samples from [[Led Zeppelin|"Kashmir"]] (and correspondingly credits Jimmy Page), and "I'll Be Missing You", a sample from the Police's "Every Breath You Take". A oft-repeated joke theory is that Puff Daddy - or whatever he's going by this month - keeps changing his nickname so he can steal his own music. |
||
* Rapper A-1 did an album, ''After School Special'', where each song samples the theme song of and is about a show he used to watch as a kid, including [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MulyRk70I5E Reading Rainbow], Nickelodeon's [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oZC2sZkyoFA All That], and [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a07dDvHqsNw Pokemon]. |
* Rapper A-1 did an album, ''After School Special'', where each song samples the theme song of and is about a show he used to watch as a kid, including [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MulyRk70I5E Reading Rainbow], Nickelodeon's [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oZC2sZkyoFA All That], and [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a07dDvHqsNw Pokemon]. |
||
* Rapper Fabolous samples "Dance of Curse" from [[Vision of Escaflowne]] in the song [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I_8Z1lPru_A Body Bag]. |
* Rapper Fabolous samples "Dance of Curse" from [[Vision of Escaflowne]] in the song [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I_8Z1lPru_A Body Bag]. |
||
* Producer The 45 King sampled the chorus "It's a Hard Knock Life" from [[The Musical]] ''[[ |
* Producer The 45 King sampled the chorus "It's a Hard Knock Life" from [[The Musical]] ''[[Annie]]'' for [[Jay-Z]]'s song "Hard Knock Life". He also turned the first two lines of Dido's "Thank You" into the chorus of [[Eminem]]'s song "Stan". |
||
* Flo Rida garnered a truly legendary amount of backlash and hatedom over his songs "Right Round" and "Sugar", which shamelessly sample Dead or Alive's "You Spin Me Round (Like a Record)" and Eifel 65's "Blue" respectively. |
* Flo Rida garnered a truly legendary amount of backlash and hatedom over his songs "Right Round" and "Sugar", which shamelessly sample Dead or Alive's "You Spin Me Round (Like a Record)" and Eifel 65's "Blue" respectively. |
||
* Rap group [[ |
* Rap group [[Bone Thugs-n-Harmony]] samples fighting game ''Eternal Champions'' for the song [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hKQe23hUnY4 "Eternal"] |
||
* Play the [[ |
* Play the [[Public Enemy]] instrumental "Security of the First World" to anyone who was alive and listened to radio/watched MTV in 1990. Ask what song it's from. Don't be surprised if they say it's from [[Madonna]]. |
||
* [[ |
* [[Eminem]] samples ''[[Soul Calibur]]'''s "Cervantes’ Theme" for the song [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hdS4ln9N3vs "Hellbound"] |
||
* Kool G Rap sampled the ''[[ |
* Kool G Rap sampled the ''[[Final Fantasy VII]]'' battle theme in [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FjS0d5OxrZs "We Gs"]. Yes, really. |
||
** Another ''FFVII'' example, rapper Cam'ron samples "One Wing Angel" in [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c5ZWWm17yLs&playnext=1&list=PL4FAFE7373A6B5E64 "Troublemakers"]. |
** Another ''FFVII'' example, rapper Cam'ron samples "One Wing Angel" in [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c5ZWWm17yLs&playnext=1&list=PL4FAFE7373A6B5E64 "Troublemakers"]. |
||
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m8EJ2zrkncs This rap] samples the track [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1xrRuhuHyic "Star of Darkness"] from ''[[Secret of Mana]]''. |
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m8EJ2zrkncs This rap] samples the track [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1xrRuhuHyic "Star of Darkness"] from ''[[Secret of Mana]]''. |
||
* Bun B samples Justice on [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eboEKCp_Jcc "On to the Next Year"] |
* Bun B samples Justice on [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eboEKCp_Jcc "On to the Next Year"] |
||
* [[ |
* [[Busta Rhymes]] has a few: "Touch It" famously samples "Technologic" by [[Daft Punk]]; "This Means War!!!" samples "Iron Man" by [[Black Sabbath]]; and "Dangerous" samples the first four lyrics from "[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xayd1c0wtOE We're Not Candy]", a [[The Eighties|1983]] Long Island Regional Poison Control Council [[Public Service Announcement]] warning children that [[Drugs Are Bad|pills are not candy]]. |
||
== Metal == |
== Metal == |
||
* Some bands do this in reverse, taking sound clips from movies or tv shows and inserting them into their songs. Dream Theater in particular does this often, a good chunk of "Space-Dye Vest" is made up of sound bites, and the first minute or so of "The Great Debate" is news clips. |
* Some bands do this in reverse, taking sound clips from movies or tv shows and inserting them into their songs. Dream Theater in particular does this often, a good chunk of "Space-Dye Vest" is made up of sound bites, and the first minute or so of "The Great Debate" is news clips. |
||
** [http://web.archive.org/web/20041019023832/http://www.sloth.org/samples/sourcelist.txt Exhaustive research] has established that the top 5 most sampled non-musical works are: ''[[Blade Runner]]'', NASA, ''Apocalypse Now'', ''[[Alien ( |
** [http://web.archive.org/web/20041019023832/http://www.sloth.org/samples/sourcelist.txt Exhaustive research] has established that the top 5 most sampled non-musical works are: ''[[Blade Runner]]'', NASA, ''Apocalypse Now'', ''[[Alien (franchise)|Aliens]]'', and JFK. |
||
* Dragonforce used the ''[[Double Dragon]]'' theme in one of their songs. Although it wasn't a direct sample. It was a guitar riff. |
* Dragonforce used the ''[[Double Dragon]]'' theme in one of their songs. Although it wasn't a direct sample. It was a guitar riff. |
||
* [[White Zombie]] is a rare (non industrial) metal example in using extensive sampling, mostly from old B movies, with some Rush Limbaugh, Batman, and Manson Family thrown in. |
* [[White Zombie]] is a rare (non industrial) metal example in using extensive sampling, mostly from old B movies, with some Rush Limbaugh, Batman, and Manson Family thrown in. |
||
Line 112: | Line 112: | ||
== Pop == |
== Pop == |
||
* Probably the earliest use of sampling was [[The Beatles ( |
* Probably the earliest use of sampling was [[The Beatles (band)|The Beatles]]' "I Am The Walrus", on which they (with permission) used samples from a BBC Radio production of ''[[King Lear]]''. |
||
== Punk == |
== Punk == |
||
* The 80's [[Ninja Pirate Zombie Robot|glam-punk]] band Sigue Sigue Sputnik loved sampling from sci-fi movies such as ''[[A Clockwork Orange ( |
* The 80's [[Ninja Pirate Zombie Robot|glam-punk]] band Sigue Sigue Sputnik loved sampling from sci-fi movies such as ''[[A Clockwork Orange (film)|A Clockwork Orange]]''. |
||
== R & B == |
== R & B == |
||
Line 129: | Line 129: | ||
* On two separate occasions, Eels have sampled ''themselves'': "Efil's God" is largely based around backwards loops of earlier track "Dog's Life", while a short violin phrase in "Selective Memory" later was prominently looped in "Fresh Feeling". |
* On two separate occasions, Eels have sampled ''themselves'': "Efil's God" is largely based around backwards loops of earlier track "Dog's Life", while a short violin phrase in "Selective Memory" later was prominently looped in "Fresh Feeling". |
||
* Mark De Gli Antoni of Soul Coughing built his keyboard lines entirely out of samples from multiple sources, some from his own work pre-dating the band itself. At least two Soul Coughing songs ("Bus To Beelzebub" and "Disseminated") are built almost entirely around Raymond Scott samples. |
* Mark De Gli Antoni of Soul Coughing built his keyboard lines entirely out of samples from multiple sources, some from his own work pre-dating the band itself. At least two Soul Coughing songs ("Bus To Beelzebub" and "Disseminated") are built almost entirely around Raymond Scott samples. |
||
* [[ |
* [[Space]] absolutely loved doing this, particularly in the early days. ''Spiders'' is very heavy on samples - the one that stands out the most being the [[The Elephant Man|Elephant Man]] sample on 'No One Understands' - as are several B-sides. |
||
* [[Sublime]] was notorious for sampling, not just actual parts of songs but lyrics as well, most famous example: "Doin' Time" ("Summertime" from ''[[Porgy and Bess]]''), but most of their songs had at least one sample. |
* [[Sublime]] was notorious for sampling, not just actual parts of songs but lyrics as well, most famous example: "Doin' Time" ("Summertime" from ''[[Porgy and Bess]]''), but most of their songs had at least one sample. |
||
* Fastball's ''[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b0wfu3tOrtQ "The Way"] begins with a series of sampled clips amidst the sounds of a television changing channels. One of the sampled sounds is a vocal clip from Jewel's [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UNoouLa7uxA "Foolish Games"]. |
* Fastball's ''[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b0wfu3tOrtQ "The Way"] begins with a series of sampled clips amidst the sounds of a television changing channels. One of the sampled sounds is a vocal clip from Jewel's [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UNoouLa7uxA "Foolish Games"]. |