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The foundational text of Taoism is the ''Tao De Ching'' written by [[Laozi]]. Traditionally, it's been said he was a contemporary of [[Confucius]]'s; modern research seems to indicate that either he lived in the Warring States Period (4th Century BCE) or he never existed. (So if he never existed, who would have written it? A compilation of various authors' works is the theory.)
 
Beyond all this, Taoism, like all Chinese religions, got liberally mixed up with [[Useful Notes/Buddhism|Buddhism]] once it arrived in China in the sixth century CE. Most significantly, a Taoist philosopher of the Warring States period, [[Zhuangzi]], was famous for telling parables and inventing [[Koan|koans]]. A few centuries later, Zhuangzi's style got mixed up with Mahayana Buddhist theology to create the school of ''Chán'', known to the West by its Japanese name: Zen.
 
Offered for your edification is [http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/core9/phalsall/texts/taote-v3.html one of many translations] of the ''Tao Te Ching''. Other important texts include the Zhuangzi, which is best known in the west for the story about being a man-dreaming butterfly, or a butterfly-dreaming man.
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