When Things Spin, Science Happens: Difference between revisions

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{{trope}}{{Needs Image}}
{{quote|''"[...]and if science has taught me anything, it's that if something is spinning, it's important."''|'''Gordon Frohman''', ''[[Concerned]]: The [[Half-Life]] and Death of Gordon Frohman''}}
|'''Gordon Frohman''', ''[[Concerned]]: The [[Half-Life]] and Death of Gordon Frohman''}}
 
We all know [[Everything's Better with Spinning]], but sometimes it is so much better that science'''When happensThings Spin, Science Happens'''.
 
In [[Real Life]] rotation has many interesting and perplexing properties: precession, gyroscopic stabilization, and the generation of electric/magnetic fields just to name a few. Writers often use the intrinsic mystery of such phenomena to increase the plausibility of their devices functioning by making them rotate. This is especially true when the device involved needs to generate a field or zone of fictional type, being directly analogous to electric field generation.
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In addition rotation is visually exciting informing the audience that the device is operating, and hopefully doing something sciency. Besides, rotation has the benefit of a closed path: if science just flew off in a straight line it'd be out of shot.
 
In [[Real Life]], technology is usually not visibly exciting to watch in action. For example, your computer (while it has fans and drives which spin) does not actively move while in operation. In many cases, the fact that the machine or technology is operating at all can be somewhat oblique to the naked eye. Witness the many people who call into Tech Support claiming that their [[Computer Equals Monitor|computer]] isn't working... [[Discredited Trope|because]] it [[Idiot Ball|it isn't turned on]]. When it comes to various visual media, [[Rule of Perception|movement equals operation]], which allows the audience to recognize that the machine is actually working or operational. Even if there is an obvious, prominent signifier of power (big green light, flashing red lights, etc) positioned on the machine, in the eyes of many - it's not actually ''on'' until something starts moving.
 
This trope is a sub-trope of [[Applied Phlebotinum]]. Probably related to [[Technicolor Science]].
 
{{examples}}
== Anime &and Manga ==
 
== Anime & Manga ==
* In ''[[Outlaw Star]]'', the FTL-drives in wide use seems to work by spinning something that looks like a mix between a drill and a helicopter rotor. Two of them, in opposite directions.
* Spiral Power is the crux of ''[[Tengen Toppa Gurren Lagann]]'', {{spoiler|and the reason the [[Scary Dogmatic Aliens]] are trying to kill everybody.}}
** It's also the theme of a [[Fauxlosophic Narration]] delivered by Leeron.
*** Although considering which [[Anime]] we're talking about perhaps it might be more like "When Things Spin Science Collapses."
* In ''[[Shinkon Gattai Godannar]]'' the titular robot's plasma drive does this whenever it powers up.
* ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh! 5D's]]'' has Momentum, a big spinning thing that provides power to all of Neo Domino City. It's not quite explained how it works, other than by harnessing the powers of momentum. Although if it explodes, then it can split the land in two.
* In ''[[Cowboy Bebop]]'', ships have rotating sections which appear to be gravity generators. (Note that this is a concept that has been seriously proposed in [[Real Life]]; for example see the [[wikipedia:Island Three|O'Neill Cylinder]].)
 
 
== Comic Books ==
* ''[[The Flash]]'' deals with almost every situation involving science or technobabble by spinning or running in a circle at super-speed.
* [[Superman]] in the [[Silver Age]] could even stop tornadoes and [[Time Travel]] by doing so.
** [https://web.archive.org/web/20130807013750/http://superdickery.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=33&Itemid=52&limitstart=10 An example of "spinning = time travel"] at Superdickery.com.
 
 
== Film ==
* In ''[[Batman]]: Gotham Knight]]'' (Field Test) Batman employs a powerful EM field generator to stop bullet-fire, normally no practically sized device would be capable of this, but hey, it spins; it must work.
* The time machine in the 2002 remake of ''[[The Time Machine]]'' is a cool-looking clockwork [[Steampunk]] mechanism with many spinning parts that projects a glowing spherical force field in which it travels through time.
** Which was partly inspired by the 1960s version, which had a huge disc on the back. Fun fact: it had 365 pegs around the edge.
* The Doomsday device in ''[[Star Trek: Nemesis]]'' spun faster as it got closer to exploding.
* In ''[[Thunderbirds|Thunderbird 6]]'', Brains's airship uses an antigravity generator that contains lots of metal hoops that rotate in opposing directions. Probably makes no sense scientifically, but provides lots of opportunities for ricochets during a climactic shootout.
** Another Gerry Anderson example is ''Joe 90'''s 'Rat Trap', a kind of spherical cage in which Joe sits while it spins rapidly around him, imprinting him with this week's brain pattern. I always wondered why it didn't make him dizzy.
** And the spinning top-style flying saucers from Anderson's UFO.
** Roberta Leigh's (associate of Anderson) puppet series ''[[Space Patrol (UK)|Space Patrol]]'' (aka ''Planet Patrol'') had doughnut-shaped spacecraft that were surrounded by spinning forcefields in flight. For a group of people who had to worry about things like strings getting caught, they sure did love this trope.
* In the movie ''[[The Lawnmower Man]]'' the insane protagonist strapped himself into one of those gyroscope contraptions with the hoops, and after much spinning, his mind was projected into virtual reality. Don't ask.
** The idea being to allow his body to move and reorient freely in all directions to match appearances inside the [[Cyberspace|virtual space]].
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* ''[[Superman (film)|Superman]]'' The Movie had a couple spinning rings to trap Zed and his minions. Since there was nothing else keeping them trapped there, it's assumed they're Making Science Happen.
* The machine to restore Agent K's memories in ''[[Men in Black (film)|Men in Black]] 2'' spun around.
* The Ragnarok Engine in the first ''[[Hellboy (film)|Hellboy]]'' movie.
* C-3PO's skeletal form in ''[[Star Wars]] Episode I'' had a silver spinning thing inside his head.
** That would be his brain, according to the novels.
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== Literature ==
* [[Discworld]]:
* * In the [[Discworld]] novel ''[[Discworld/Thief of Time|Thief of Time]]'', master clockmaker Jeremy Clockson's perfect clock built to measure the universal tick used electricity and [[Magitek]] to spin light round and round... and made a hole in the universe. And stopped time.
** Also Bloody Stupid Johnson's spinning wheel on which pi equals exactly three, which was used in ''[[Going Postal (Discworld)|Going Postal]]'' to punch a different hole through the universe in order to sort letters.
*** Well it was made as part of an organ. It just turned out to work better for sorting letters.
* [[James Blish]]'s Spindizzy drive. It's never actually been seen or described in canon, but it has "spin" in the name so [[Fanon]] assumes that it spins.
** It's a word made from ''spin'' and ''dizzy''... since dizzy is something that happens when you spin, how can it '''not''' be spinning? Something's going on that's spinning. And it's making something dizzy. Maybe it's spinning the Universe and making God dizzy?...
** Spindizzies are based on [[wikipedia:Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett|P. M. S. Blackett]]'s work on planetary magnetism, correlating magnetism, gravity, and angular momentum. As angular momentum is a key factor, of course a spinning <s>doohickey</s> device is necessary. If memory serves,{{verify}} the intent was to use magnetism and spin to change Newton's <s>fudge factor</s> gravitational constant, flipping it negative, and causing anti-gravity. Blackett's work in this area was discredited to his own satisfaction in his lifetime.
* The titular craft from the ''[[Rama]]'' series generates gravity from spinning (see "centrifugal force" under {{smallcaps|Truth In Television}} below) and odd effects arise from Coriolis forces that the characters use to their advantage.
* The ''[[Ring WorldRingworld]]'' not only spins for gravity, its spin also allows it to act magnetically on its sun to produce [[Wave Motion Gun|solar-flare megalasers]], fuel its stabilizing jets with ramscoops, and even {{spoiler|turn the whole Ringworld system mobile}}.
* In [[Larry Niven]]'s ''[[The Magic Goes Away (novel)|The Magic Goes Away]]'', When Things Spin, Magic Happens... or rather, [[Anti-Magic]], as the wizard-wheel burns up all the [[Mana]] in the area until it depletes the local [[Background Magic Field]], leaving a dead zone.
 
== Live -Action TV ==
 
== Live Action TV ==
* In ''[[Firefly]]'', how ''Serenity'''s engines function is never explained, other than it must spin to work.
** According to the director, the engine is a gravity drive, which still doesn't explain why it has to spin.
* From ''[[Stargate SG-1]]'''s self-parody episode ''200'':
{{quote| "I'm the general and I want it to spin!"}}
** The Stargate itself is an aversion to this. Yes, the Earth gate spins, but this is a function of the backup interface which the Tau'ri use, and has no relation to the actual workings of the gate. Gates never spin under normal circumstances.
*** Until [[Stargate Universe|SGU]] where now the entire gate spins. Indeed, it seems that the older the technology for the gate, the more spinning is required.
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** Professor Lazarus' machine in "The Lazarus Experiment".
** Lampshaded in ''Planet of the Dead'' with one of the Doctor's little science-detecting gadgets.
{{quote| The Doctor: "This little dish should go round. That little dish, there." (About thirty seconds pass.) "Oooh, the little dish is going round!"}}
** Combined with [[It Runs on Nonsensoleum]] in ''Blink'', where a gadget has a big rotating wheel on the end:
{{quote| This is my [[Timey-Wimey Ball|Time-y Wime-y]] Detector. It goes "ding" when there's stuff.}}
** And the "jammer" concocted by the Doctor in ''The Time Monster'', made of all sorts of household junk and a nice cup of tea.
** The Doctor uses a similar approach to create some sort of scanning device in "The Lodger" from bits and pieces of terrestrial 'technology.' [[Lampshaded]] when the Doctor has to pass it off as a 'commentary on modern society.' Craig [[Blatant Lies|doesn't buy it.]]
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** And in [[Star Trek|The Original Series]], a duplicate robot Kirk was made by a spinning alien doohickey. Lampshaded by Doctor Ira Graves when he encounters it in the spinoff novel ''Immortal Coil'': "Why in the world would the platform need to spin? It doesn't make any sense. It's almost like...a lot of hand waving. Idle motion."
*** Heck, the TOS nacelles themselves had something spinning in the red bussard collectors. In ''[[Star Trek: The Animated Series]]'' it seemed to be linked to the direction of flight, spinning backwards when the ship went into reverse and slowing to a stop when it came to a halt.
* We don't actually get to see them doing their thing until very near the end of the series, but jump drives in ''[[Battlestar Galactica Reimagined(2004 TV series)|Battlestar Galactica]]'' must "spin up" before being activated.
* As an inversion, the spinning sections of Earth Alliance, Drazi and Vree ships in ''[[Babylon 5]]'' show that they are less advanced than the other races, who use artificial gravity instead of centrifugal forcesforce.
* Surely every ''[[CSI]]'' *''ever*'' deserves a mention here? Centrifuges are some of the most visually impressive pieces of equipment in many laboratories, especially biological ones, but they don't really give you all the answers..
 
 
== Video Games ==
* The most literal example on this page comes from ''[[Earth 2150|Earth 2160]]''. The UCS faction's research center has a big sphere with rings around it (called a [[All There in the Manual|GENIUS-class processor]]). The rings start spinning while research is in progress, so, quite literally, when those things spin, ''science happens''.
* The Mass Relays on ''[[Mass Effect]]'' are giant glowing gyroscopes In Space.
* Large spinning external reel-to-reel [[Computer Equals Tapedrive|tape drives]] are how you know computers are working. Shown as recently as ''[[Ratchet and Clank Up Your Arsenal]]''.
* The Tau Cannon (aka Gauss Gun) from ''[[Half Life]]'' has a set of rotors that spin up to speed as the secondary fire mode is charged. Partially justified as it seems to be some sort of electromagnet contraption.<ref>see Real Life below, namely the power plant section</ref>.
** Also the anti-mass spectrometer,<ref>the contraption that starts the resonance cascade</ref>, which has several parts that must spin for it to work.
** Not to mention the Combine Interdimensional Portal, the subject of the second page quote. The final portion has spinning shields which Gordon has to destroy.
** Every advanced technology ever really just has to have spinning parts, including the Black Mesa/Resistance/Nova Prospekt teleporters, the displacer gun, the Citadel's core containment system, Black Mesa's generators and reactors, Xen rocks, and even parts of GLaDOS. Don't forget the spinning blade contraptions of Ravenholm as well.
* Each Garden in ''[[Final Fantasy VIII]]'' has a massive spinning ring that presumably keeps it in the air. So do the airships in ''[[Final Fantasy XII]]''; at one point, this becomes a plot point when the characters deduce that an airship is about to crash because it's "glossair rings are stopping".
* The Ryan Industries building in ''[[BioshockBioShock (series)]]'' contains a few rooms that feature huge spinning wheels. Presumably these are part of some mechanical equipment, but why they specifically intrude into corridors and the like seems to have no practical purpose. Knowing Ryan, the ones in Hephaestus are likely there just to show off.
* In ''[[Metroid Prime]]'' ''2: Echoes'', there's a room with a couple of large rings spinning around a giant ball of energy in the center because the spinning has made so much science that it has gone mad and you must stop it by making the rings not spinning and the scary energy ball goes away.
* In ''[[Mega Man X Command Mission]]'', at the top of Central Tower is the Resistance headquarters. In there is a great big computer, and you can notice a number of spinning things throughout the room that make it operate. (Early in the game, you even find a techie repairing the central spinner underneath the main computer console.)
* When ''[[Persona 3]]'''s [[Robot Girl|Aigis]] activates her [[Overdrive|Orgia Mode]], the headphone-like disks on the side of her head spin with a loud whirring sound and emit a thin wisp of smoke.
** Discussed and Averted in the sequal, ''[[Persona 4]]'', in which Kanji is upset that the medical tests the party undergoes did not include being placed in a centrifuge.
* The Cyclotron stage in ''[[Dead or Alive]] 2 Ultimate''.
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* Teleporters from ''[[Team Fortress 2]]'' are a prime example: They become ready to use when they're up to full speed. The upgraded ones accelerate to full speed faster.
 
== WebcomicsWeb Comics ==
 
* [http://xkcd.com/332/ This irrationality] even affects the scientifically aware ''[[Xkcdxkcd]]''.
== Webcomics ==
* [http://xkcd.com/332/ This irrationality] even affects the scientifically aware ''[[Xkcd]]''.
** And [http://xkcd.com/162/ this] one uses spinning with real science.
* Lampshaded in [httphttps://wwwweb.archive.org/web/20120512005622/http://hlcomic.com/index.php?date=2006-10-05 this] episode of [[Concerned]]:
{{quote| "...and if science has taught me anything, it's that if something is '''spinning''', it's '''important'''.}}
* ''[[Drive (webcomic)|Drive]]'': It's not clear how the Ring Drive works (all we know is that it's ''really'' cold in there), but since it's apparently ring-shaped by necessity, there's likely spinning involved.
 
 
== Web Original ==
* ''[[Homestar Runner]]'' spoofs this in the [[Parody Commercial]] "Coach Z's 110%":
{{quote| "My whole deal's backed up with actual scientific findings and rotating computer graphics, so you ''know'' it's legit!"}}
* From the ''[[Global Guardians PBEM Universe]]:'' Herr Doktor Archeville possessed a machine that his teammates called "the spinny gizmo". No one was sure what it did, really, but it sure looked fancy, and it had that spinny part on the front of it.
 
 
== Western Animation ==
* ''[[Justice League]]'' and ''JLU'' used this on occasion.
** In "Legends", exploding [[Humongous Mecha]] + the Flash running in a circle = teleportation to an alternate universe.
** In "Divided We Fall", Lex Luthor and Brainiac use [[Nanomachines|nanobots]] to fuse their mind and body into one entity. Then the Flash separates them by making his arms two whirling blurs of motion and shoving them into Brainithors chest.
* On ''[[Superfriends]]'', spinning was practically the universal solution.
* In ''[[Futurama]]'', the heads of jurists spin when deciding on a verdict in court.
 
 
== Real Life ==
* Even today, most electricity is, in fact, generated via spinning magnetic turbines. Coal? Burn it, heating water, generating steam, spinning a turbine. Wind power? Wind spinning a turbine. Hydroelectric power? Turbines spun by water and gravity. Nuclear power? Radioactive material boils water and we use that steam to spin turbines.
* The spinning Beach Ball of Death in [[Mac OS]] X and the spinning hula hoop in [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] Vista and 7. Although [[Mac OS]] rarely uses the Beach Ball to indicate actual progress, so it's mostly spinning when science is ''failing'' to happen.
** Also the spinning icons while progressive download buffers video content.
* Any number of supposed "perpetual motion" machines with spinning components.
** The Dean Drive perhaps. Or not, if the laws of physics have a say in the matter.
** Or the opposite, so that the "Rolls Royce" logo on the hub remains visible even when the wheel is turning.
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** [[wikipedia:Centrifugal governor|Centrifugal governors]] consist of two weights on hinges on an axle. When the engine starts up, the axle spins around and centrifugal forces cause the weights to swing in and out, regulating the speed of the engine. The net effect to the bystander, though, is to have a little propeller-looking doohicky that has no obvious function.
*** This is where the term "Going balls out" comes from. Not from [[Going Commando|not wearing undies]], but from operating at maximum speed.
*** This is referenced in the ''[[Discworld]]'' novel ''[[Discworld/Small Gods|Small Gods]]''. One inventive character has constructed a primitive steam engine - similar to Heron of Alexandria's, described below - and mounted it on a small boat. Long story short, it's hit by lightning in a storm, overheats, and explodes. The inventor talks about the need for something to prevent excess pressure building up,
{{quote| "some sort of governor device. I feel I could do something with a pair of revolving balls."<br />
"Funnily enough, when that lightning bolt hit, the thing started glowing, and we went scudding across the water, I distinctly felt ''my''-" }}
* Imparting a spin on any projectile stabilizes its flight path and may even direct it more or less predictably. Applications include...
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* Particle accelerators (synchrotrons and other circular accelerators at least) literally make science happen by spinning things. Admittedly very small things that you can't actually see spinning.
* How do you get [[Artificial Gravity]] in real life? Why, you spin your space station or ship, of course! You can also spin just ''part'' of your ship, but given Conservation of Angular Momentum, spinning part of your ship will cause the ''rest'' of your ship to start spinning in the opposite direction. SCIENCE!
** which is why you set up two of them, counter-rotating, to cancel out most or all of said spin. Then you use gyroscopes (MORE''more SPINNINGspinning'') to correct for any remaining spin.
* Centrifuges! an essential tool of chemistry and biochemistry, because spinning a tube a several thousand cycles per minutes can separate liquids of ''slightly'' different densities in mere minutes instead of hours, days or weeks if allowed to happen through gravity alone.
* The screw. Just its shape can drill holes, move matter, and secure things. The screw (and its derivatives) is used in so many applications it's very easy to take it for granted.
 
{{reflist}}
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Applied Phlebotinum]]
[[Category:When Things Spin Science Happens]]
[[Category:Everything's Better with Spinning]]