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{{trope}}
[[File:sweetmulan.jpg|link=Mulan|right|frame|''Be a Manman.'']]
 
{{quote|''"As [[Trope Namer|sweet Polly Oliver]] lay musing in bed,''
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''and dressed herself up in her dead brother's clothes,''
''She cut her hair close, and she stained her face brown,''
''And went for a soldier to fair London town."''|'''English Folk Song'''}}
|'''English Folk Song'''}}
 
A female character dresses up as a man to accomplish some end. Often becomes a variant of the [[Jackie Robinson Story]]. The sports version is especially popular in children's media, since it allows for an [[Anvilicious|Anviliciously]]ly contemptuous boys' team for the heroine to win over with her talents.
 
Named for the old, old folk song "Sweet Polly Oliver" (quoted above), in which a woman disguises herself as a man so she can join the army and follow her soldier lover. However, the trope predates the name, going back apparently to a [[Older Than Print|6th century AD]] Chinese myth.
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Contrast with [[Harmless Lady Disguise]] and [[Disguised in Drag]]. Some men may subconsciously see through this, and become [[Sweet on Polly Oliver]]. Since, in most cultures, she needs a new name, may occasion a [[Meaningful Rename]]. Not to be confused with [[Bifauxnen]].
 
Many times when this is done in film and TV, the actress playing the crossdressing character rarely does a convincing job (see [[Hollywood Homely]]), requiring [[Suspension of Disbelief]] on the part of the audience that the other characters encountering her really believe she is a man/boy. On the other hand, quite a few women really did get away with this surprisingly easily in the past, which ''The Folklore of Discworld'' phrases as "in an age before unisex fashions, trousers meant 'man' and skirts meant 'woman'. Trousers plus high-pitched voice meant 'young man'. People didn't expect anything else, and saw what they expected to see." As a type of [[Weirdness Censor]], the human mind will simply ignore small details that could give the ruse away, once it has classified a person as either male or female. And in societies in which male and female gender roles are clearly seperated with no room for overlaps, this effect would be even stronger, as the idea of meeting a crossdresser would be even more inconceivable than it is today. Even in the modern world, former CIA head of disguise Jonna Mendez concluded that, as disguise is "additive" and can't take anything away, it is "almost impossible" for a man to be convincingly disguised as a woman but disguising a woman as a man is entirely viable.
 
You can listen to the full version of the song [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=icx9_jpHg3I here.]
 
{{Unmarked Spoilers}}
{{examples}}
 
{{examples}}
== [[Anime]] &and [[Manga]] ==
* ''[[Basara]]''; The story takes place in a future Japan, reduced to a barren desert by a catastrophe at the end of the 21st century. The main character is Sarasa, a girl whose twin brother, Tatara, is prophesied to be the "child of destiny" who will bring back the country's independence and stop the tyrannical rule of the Empire, namely the Red King. When Tatara is killed, Sarasa pretends to be him in order to keep the downtrodden from losing hope.
* In the first manga series of ''[[Sengoku Basara]] Ran Sei Ran Bu'' [[Ms. Fanservice|Kasuga]] disguises herself as [[Dude Looks Like a Lady|her master Kenshin]] in order to serve as a decoy. [[Gag Boobs|Despite her huge assets]] [[Latex Perfection|she can still make a perfect performance]]. {{spoiler|She later disguises herself again as a wounded Date soldier in order to murder Masamune and avenge Kenshin's death.}}
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** A continuing source of comedy is that the boys in the Host Club run themselves ragged to keep Haruhi's gender a secret from the rest of the school. Haruhi continues not to care. She only actively conceals her "secret" under threat of being fired.
*** Then again, Haruhi was never that feminine to begin with. {{spoiler|Except, perhaps, for her fear of lightning}}
* {{spoiler|Akira}} in ''[[MaiMy-HiME]]'' disguises herself as a man. In [[She's a Man In Japan|the German version of the dub]], she's even given a man's voice (and not even [[Cross-Dressing Voices|a woman playing a man's voice]], at that), as the production company was not aware "he" was actually female...
* Akane from ''[[Ranma ½]]'' disguises herself as a boy in order to battle the Yamata no [[Orochi]] without being eaten as the beast loves the taste of women. Similarly, Ranma's [[Unlucky Childhood Friend]] Ukyou "gave up" her femininity and passed herself off as a male (to the point of attending a boys-only school) after Genma and Ranma ran out on her marriage arrangement. Once her ruse is discovered, however, she quickly abandons the pose and crosses over into [[Wholesome Crossdresser]] territory (but only at school, her "civilian clothes" are all feminine [[Bokukko|even if she still acts boyishly]]); later that season (in the anime only) she even abandons that once, causing all of the boys at Furinkan High to wonder who the "cute girl" is. She wears the girl's uniform at least once after that (and lampshades it, naturally.)
** And in a strange subversion of the trope, [[Gender Bender|girl-Ranma]] had to disguise herself as ''male'' during a martial arts duel to hide the fact that she had been locked as female.
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* Subverted in ''[[Shugo Chara]]'': When Nadeshiko's "twin brother" Nagihiko shows up in one episode, it seems painfully obvious, that it is her in disguise... {{spoiler|until it is revealed that actually EVERYTHING ELSE was the disguise and Nagihiko is Nadeshiko's REAL identity.}}
* Done in the ''[[Sailor Moon]]'' manga by Minako. She uses the Crescent Compact to transform into a male Mugen Gakuen student so she can slip into the school and watch the concert of idol [[Paper-Thin Disguise|Mimi Hanyuu]], who is secretly [[The Psycho Rangers|Mimette.]]
** In the manga, both Nephrite and Sailor Moon did this--Nephritethis—Nephrite as a ghostly bride, and Sailor Moon as the ghostly bride's groom.
* Shizu, Mariya's twin sister in ''[[Maria Holic]]'' is doing the exact opposite of her brother by playing out this trope. None of her antics over at Mihoshi no Mori Boys' School have been seen, but this is especially troubling for Shizu since she [[Does Not Like Men]].
* Yellow successfully passed herself off as a boy for the bulk of ''[[Pokémon Special]]'s'' Yellow chapter. Most characters didn't find out until the Gold and Silver chapter, though.
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* The incredibly [[Bifauxnen]] Oscar of ''[[Rose of Versailles]]'' dresses as a man for her day job of commander of the Royal Guard. The rest of the time, she just does it because her father raised her as a boy.
* Candy in ''[[Candy Candy]]'' is grounded during a school festival, but a friend of hers sneaks her a box with two outfits: a female gown and a male disguise, both with matching wigs. She uses them to sneak away and have fun without being caught by the school staff, alternating between the girly girl facade and the boyish one. [[Hilarity Ensues]].
* Kyouko from ''[[Skip Beat!]]'' does this when she is challenged to act as the challenger's son.
* Rei [[Shout-Out|Saotome]] in ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh! GX]]'' pretended to be a boy in her first appearance. Like in the ''[[Cardcaptor Sakura]]'' example, she's found out when she loses her hat and this reveals her [[Rapunzel Hair]].
* Part of the backstory for Override of ''[[Transformers Cybertron]]'' was that she somehow disguised herself as a boy to enter the great race for planet leadership. The weird bit, aside from the concept of a crossdressing robot, is that Override is pretty damn androgynous anyway and is a male in the original Japanese.
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* ''[[Mayo Chiki]]'''s premise.
* Itsuki Myoudouin from ''[[Heartcatch Pretty Cure]]'', taking her big brother's role due to the aforementioned man having aweak heart. Said man is also a case of [[Dude Looks Like a Lady]]. He got better, and Itsuki was able to resume being a girl by the end of the show. It should be noted that while Itsuki is mistaken for a boy several times in the series, pretty much everyone in the school knows she's a girl. [[Even the Girls Want Her|Not that it matters much ...]]
* Tsukiko from ''[[Samurai High School]]'' switches places with her [[Half-Identical Twins|Half-Identical Twin]] brother Kou to enter said high school and become Supreme Commander of Japan. It helps that they both are adept at the opposite gender roles.
 
== [[Child Ballad|Ballads]] ==
 
== Ballads ==
* In the [[Child Ballad]] ''[http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/eng/child/ch106.htm The Famous Flower of Serving Men]'', the heroine's husband and baby are killed by her mother, and she disguises herself as a man to run away and work.
* In the [[Child Ballad]] ''[http://www.sacred-texts.com/neu/eng/child/ch063.htm Child Waters]'', the heroine refuses to leave the hero, despite his declaration that he goes to woo another woman. He insists she dress as a footpage and run alongside his horse.
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** "Jackaroe" is another song about a girl who goes off to war to follow her love, this time in the Navy.
** As is "Billy Taylor", but it has a twist ending. It turns out that the titular character, whom the song's main character has joined the Navy to follow has found a new girl, and the main character tracks them both down and kills them, and is promoted for it.
** "The Handsome Sailor Boy" -- In—In which a young woman signs on a ship as a cabin boy and the captain falls in love with her. In some versions, she's looking for her lover and doesn't tell the captain she's a woman, until she's safe on shore. In others, she's just doing it for the adventure, both the captain and the captain's wife fall in love with her -- buther—but it's only the captain who realizes she's a woman ... Until one night, on board ship, when she gives birth. Then everyone knows.
** In "The Female Rambling Sailor", a woman goes to sea after her lover is pressed into naval service and drowns. She proves an exemplary sailor, and none of her crewmates suspect her identity until she dies in a fall from the rigging and they discover her 'female form'.
* There's a Spanish ballad about a girl who dresses like a man, calls herself Don Martín and goes to war because her father is [[Retired Badass|too old]]. Then, the prince falls for her (getting extremely confused because he somehow suspects "he" is a girl, but isn't quite sure). Then the prince comes out to the queen and she suggest several tests to expose Don Martín, all of which fail, except the last one: a bath. Don Martín runs away and the prince after her, and they marry.
 
== [[Comic Books]] ==
 
== Comic Books ==
* ''[[The Sandman]]'': {{spoiler|Jim the "cabin boy" in ''Hob's Leviathan'' is actually a girl named Peggy.}}
** There's also Desire, who switches genders as necessary.
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* The Spanish comic magazine ''[[El Jueves]]'' had a story, ''Emili<s>a</s>o'' where a girl, Emilia, pretended to a boy to do the mandatory conscription in the Army and be with her boyfriend.
* Agnès de Roselande/Isabeau de Marnaye in the Francois Bourgeon's historical series ''[[Les Passagers Du Vent]]''.
* In one ''[[Weird War Stories]]'', a drummer boy being held in a [[American Civil War]] prison camp turns out to be a girl, leading to a [[Sweet on Polly Oliver]]'' situation. And then zombies attack...
* "Jack", in the ''Deathwatch'' comic strip by [[Paul Cornell]] (Elizabethan ''[[Judge Dredd]]''), is quite clearly a girl wearing a false moustache to work as an actor. And, inevitably, [[Recursive Crossdressing|ends up playing Helen of Troy]] in ''[[Faust]]''. Surprisingly, while the [[Fish Out of Temporal Water]] acts as [[Only Sane Man]] to the [[Medieval Morons]] in just about every other respect, this is the one point where he has a blind spot as well.
* Subverted in ''[[Demon Knights]]'' with the Shining Knight (who is a [[Sweet Polly Oliver]] in some other versions as well). Her costume looks convincing to the reader (due to the fact that she's very flat-chested) but fools ''no one'' in-universe.
* As a young girl, Martha Washington in [[Give Me Liberty]] habitually passes herself off as a boy to avoid being sexually assaulted. She then gets grabbed by someone ''looking'' for young boys.
* From [[The Golden Age of Comic Books]], Abigail "Ma" Hunker, the original [[Red Tornado]]. She was a woman posing as a male superhero, and was muscular enough to maintain such a facade.
 
== [[Fan FictionWorks]] ==
 
== [[Fan Fiction]] ==
* In ''[[The Lost Girl]]'', Friendly has a variant of this, as she quickly forgets she ever was a girl.
* There's more than one ''[[Axis Powers Hetalia]]'' fic out there that imagine the female Nations as being forced to do this out of necessity (i.e. avoid getting raped by their own soldiers), though this usually happens in historical-themed stories to stress the [[Values Dissonance]].
* In the ''[[How to Train Your Dragon (animation)|How to Train Your Dragon]]'' fanfic ''[[A Thing of Vikings]]'', one of Sigurd (formerly Snotlout)'s fellow [[w:Varangian Guard|Varangian Guards]], Gudmund Hallvasson, is actually a woman, Heidrun Hallvarsdoittor -- and is romantically interested in him.
 
== [[Film]] ==
 
== Fairy Tales ==
* In ''[http://www.mythfolklore.net/andrewlang/076.htm The Lute Player]'', the queen dresses as a man to get safely to her husband.
* In ''[http://www.mythfolklore.net/andrewlang/053.htm The Girl Who Pretended to be a Boy]'' the youngest daughter of an emperor disguises herself as a boy and rescues a princess.
* The Brothers Grimm fairy tale ''The Twelve Huntsmen'' (who are actually a princess and eleven female companions disguised as men).
* Several Italian fairy tales have this, ranging from going to war, saving a prince dressed as a doctor, escaping from villains, or simply because they feel like it/ a magic pony told 'em to.: Fanta-ghiro the beautiful, The Dragon and Enchanted Filly, The First sword and the Last broom, Wormwood, The King of Spain and the English Milord, the Great Narbone, (in universe) The Parrot, the Canary Prince....
* In ''[http://www.surlalunefairytales.com/facetiousnights/night4_fable1.html Costanza / Costanzo]'' Costanza disguised herself to go into service because she could not get a suitable bridegroom of [[Royal Blood]], only one of [[Blue Blood]].
 
 
== Film ==
* In Disney's ''[[Mulan]]'', Mulan disguises herself as a man by making her hair shorter and wearing a soldier's outfit so that her disabled father won't have to go.
* ''[[Yellowbeard]]'': Spoofed; one of the ship's officers is named "Mr. Prostitute" and is an obvious woman with a fake mustache.
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* The Disney Channel movie ''[[Motocrossed]]'' involved a girl posing as her brother to enter a motocross race, after he breaks his leg. What makes this one more ludicrous is that the siblings have the ''same name'' (Andy, short for both Andrea and Andrew).
** Not quite so ludicrous: {{spoiler|It allows her a legal loophole, given that she signed up as 'Andy,' instead of Andrew or Andrea, which meant she could hold on to her win after she was outed.}}
* This trope is the central plot of ''[[Just One Of The Guys]],'' ana 80's1980s teen comedy (and actually a half -decent film). The protagonist's brother goes so far as to sarcastically [[Shout Out| ask if she's]] [[Yentl| trying to become a rabbi]].
* After her rescue from Fogg's Asylum by Anthony in ''[[Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (film)|Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street]]'', Johanna dresses up like a boy in order to hide from Judge Turpin. {{spoiler|Unfortunately, she almost gets killed by her own father, Sweeney Todd, when he fails to recognize her and takes her for a witness to his final vengeance upon the Judge.}}
* ''[[Connie And Carla]]'', about two female performers who witness a murder, so they go into hiding by disguising themselves as [[Drag Queen|Drag Queens]]s (a spoof of ''[[Some Like It Hot]]'' where two jazz musicians who witness the St. Valentine's Day Massacre go into hiding by joining an all-women's jazz band). In other words, they dressed up as men who dress up as women.
** A similar idea is used in ''[[Victor Victoria]]'', merely as a way to break into show business. The lead actress's (Julie Andrews) singing is apparently far more appreciated by audiences who think she's a gay female impersonator.
{{quote|'''Norma:''' ''YOU NO GOOD TWO-TIMING SON OF A BITCH!'' '''''HE'S A WOMAN!'''''}}
* Happens in the third ''[[From Dusk till Dawn]]'' movie.
* The Swedish movie ''Mitt liv som hund'' (''[[My Life As A Dog]]'') is about a 12twelve year old boy sent to live with relatives in the countryside when his mother contracts tuberculosis. One of his new friends, who is also the top player on the local boys' football team, is actually a girl. Keeping up the charade becomes somewhat difficult when she hits puberty and things start to grow ...
* Common in fairy-tale movies (''[[Dragonslayer]]'', ''[[The Brothers Grimm (creator)|The Brothers Grimm]]'') as a way to conceal the gender of daughters who might otherwise be fed to dragons, kidnapped by witches, etc.
* In the 1950 British thriller ''[[The Clouded Yellow]]'', Jean Simmons cuts her hair and exchanges her dress for trousers in order to pass as "Master Fox". The disguise is never seriously tested, which is just as well as she's [[Paper-Thin Disguise|a remarkably unconvincing boy]].
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* In the 1979 basketball comedy ''[[Fast Break]]'', D.C. (Harold Sylvester) admits to Coach Greene (Gabe Kaplan) that he has unusual feelings for his (ostensibly male) teammate Swish. In the climactic game, Swish unwraps her breasts and hits the court. D.C. is relieved.
* Princess Leia briefly disguises herself as the bounty hunter Boushh in ''[[Return of the Jedi]]'', though this barely counts since he's also an alien.
** And since, at least in the Old Republic, female soldiers weren't a rarity--thererarity—there's female pilots in Episode I who attack the Trade Federation control ship, not even going into the Expanded Universe or female Jedi.
* ''[[Ma Vie en Rose]]'' introduces such a character (a tomboy who goes by "Chris") right at the end, {{spoiler|right after Ludovic's parents have given in to the [[Double Standard]]}}.
* The [[Disney]] live-action version of ''[[Swiss Family Robinson (film)|Swiss Family Robinson]]'' has Roberta (or "Bertie") do this, as she and her grandfather have been captured by pirates. Not very convincing, and [[The Reveal]] shows that she's a girl when her head wrap is pulled off to reveal... really short hair, but a suddenly more girlish face.
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* The Canadian Short "No Bikini" shows that bath and this trope '''do''' mix sometimes. Robin, a 7-yr girl, ''hates'' bikinis, but girls must wear a swimsuit for a swimming class. So she pretends to be a boy so she can attend just in swimming trunks.
* The [[Whoopi Goldberg]] vehicle ''[[The Associate]]'' was a double version; she not only dressed as a man, but went white to win big in business.
* ''[[Film/The Challengers (film)|The Challengers]]'' has a girl dressing up as a boy so she can play in the school band.
* There is a Soviet comedy called ''[[My Dearly Beloved Detective]]'' about two female detectives with the last names of Holmes and Watson. At one point during an investigation they dress up to sneak into a club of bachelor men. The head of the club gets wind of this and states that all the members will undergo "an embarrassing examination"... which consists of every member being forced to give a gentleman's word he's male. Holmes passes. Watson is saved by a man in love with her who takes the blame.
* ''[[Princess of Thieves]]'' centers on Robin Hood's daughter, Gwyn, who dresses up as a man to follow her father.
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* Katharine Hepburn takes her turn in ''[[Sylvia Scarlett]]''.
 
== [[Literature]] ==
 
== Literature ==
* In ''The Breadwinner'', a girl named Parvana, who lives in Afghanistan, disguises herself as a boy in order to earn money for her family because her father died and her brother was too young to provide for them.
* The [[Harry Turtledove]] alternate history novel ''[[The Guns of the South]]'' features Molly Bean, a prostitute who disguises her flat-chested self as a man to serve in the Confederate States' unit Castalia Invincibles. She poses as her "cousin" Melvin Bean and joined because the war was taking away all her customers. Ignorant and illiterate, she learns to read and begins to fall for her teacher. How much combat did she see? She was at ''Gettysburg'', y'all. She later serves a surprisingly vital role in defeating the AWB men who are time travelers, by being a popular bedmate while covertly spying on them. Her letters to her lover describe many futuristic marvels (None of which she understands, but her teacher/future husband twigs onto the fact that these guys are from the future). These prompt him to instruct her to go to [[Our Presidents Are Different|Confederate President Robert E. Lee]] and describe everything she'd seen. She does, but her attempts to hide her womanly self make it difficult (Lee can't figure out [[Crowning Moment of Funny|why she keeps on mixing up "I" and somebody named Melvin in her story]]). After she helps take down the AWB, she marries her teacher. In [[Real Life]], there was an actual Molly Bean who enlisted in the Invincibles, but she was discovered and sent home. Her livelihood as a prostitute was pure author's invention.
* This is the main storyline of the historical novel ''[[Pope Joan]]'' (based on what may have been a [[Real Life]] example as well, but is generally considered fictitious).
* The old man's granddaughter in ''[[Swiss Family Robinson]]'' who was disguised as his grandson.
* [[Terry Pratchett]]'s ''[[Discworld]]'':
* [[Terry Pratchett]]'s* ''[[Discworld]]'' novel ''[[Discworld/Monstrous Regiment|Monstrous Regiment]]'' spoofs the everloving hell out of this one. Our heroine Polly Perks joins the army of her war-torn home country of Borogravia, under the alias of "Oliver Perks", to look for her strong-but-simple brother Paul. {{spoiler|Along the way, she discovers everyone in her squad ''except'' the limp-wristed commanding officer, including the boisterous and apparently quite male Sergeant Jackrum, is also a woman disguised as a man, as are quite a few members of the Borogravian top brass}}. Pratchett also plays this for drama as much as for laughs, with Polly becoming disgusted by the contrast between how men and women are treated in Borogravia.
*** Oh, and the song exists in the setting. She took the name as a reference, but finds the joke gets old when people keep asking if she's heard of it.
*** What's really ironic is that when the regiment has to dress as women in order to infiltrate an enemy base, the male lieutenant is simply waved through, but Polly is assumed to be a man dressed as a woman and questioned.
** The [[The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert|performing troupe of female impersonators]] in ''[[Discworld/The Last Continent|The Last Continent]]'' included an actual female, who was filling in for her brother.
*** And turned sideways because Rincewind honestly doesn't notice, though he did get upset that his (presumably male... ish) Luggage was now dressed in high heels (a lot of them) and a frilly pink tablecloth.
** An obscure Pratchett use of this trope, from the ''Assassins' Guild [[All There in the Manual|Discworld Diary]]'', reveals that a few Polly Olivers had enrolled in the then all-male Guild school, by means of a short haircut and a note excusing them from gym classes. One former SPO became head tutor for Black Widow House after the Guild school went co-ed, and now teaches Edged Weaponry and Fencing.
* Alanna of Trebond from the ''[[Tortall Universe|Lioness Quartet]]'' books by Tamora Pierce. As a nine-year old she starts dressing as a boy in order to train for knighthood as [[Meaningful Rename|Alan]], and keeps it a secret until after she's already earned her shield (and thus is formally [[She Is the King|Sir Alanna]]).
* Dernhelm/(Eowyn) from ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'' is a classic example. In her Crowning Moment of Awesome, she is able to kill the Lord of the Nazgul precisely [[No Man of Woman Born|BECAUSE''because'' she is not a man]].
** The Witch-King's belief that no man could kill him came from a prophecy by Glorfindel a thousand years before. The prophecy said "not by the hand of man shall he fall." The Witch-King thought he was invulnerable, but he got shivved by a hobbit (not a Man) and his head struck off by a [[Sweet Polly Oliver|woman]] (not a man).
* In the book ''Half Magic'' a young girl gets really annoyed at Lancelot so she wishes that she was his match in strength and skill, then conjures a suit of armor and challenges him to a duel. She wins and the crowd cheers her. When the king asks her to remove her helmet she does so, having forgotten she still looks the same underneath. As the mood of the crowd shifts from shock to anger, she's called names and Lancelot is jeered for being beaten by a girl, for all of five minutes before Merlin erases everyone's memories.
* The main character of [http://ib-archive.livejournal.com/36322.html this story] in the Livejournal-based "webzine" ''Imaginary Beasts''.
* In the children's picture book ''Little Kay'' a girl dresses up as a boy to become a knight. The king somehow finds out there's a girl among the men, and asks his advisers how he can figure out which one she is. (This being a children's book, I guess we're supposed to assume the king is too stupid or prudish to go with the obvious.) In an inversion of the Achilles myth, the advisers suggest offering jewels and pretty fabrics and so on, on the assumption that the girl will be the one interested. Since this is a comedy, though, the men all turn out to be raging dandies who ''love'' the gaudy stuff while the girl spurns it. The only one who offers useful advice is the castle maid, who suggests the king have them all drink a toast, since when they all tilt their heads back to drink the men's Adam's apples will be apparent. This proves effective.<br />After the girl is discovered, the sultan is so impressed that he decides to make her a knight anyway, since she is the only one in the army who isn't a complete dandy. Dressed as a boy, she goes off on a quest which will win her the hand of a princess. She rescues the princess, and the princess discovers she is a girl, but they decide to get married anyway.
** Possibly based on a Russian fairy tale - at the end of that story, the king asks the girl to bathe with him, she goes to change... and runs off, leaving a note behind saying "by the way, yes, I AM''am'' a girl."
*** There is an Italian tale which has the same scene (except the girl fakes an urgent message forcing her to return home). It seems to have inspired [[wikipedia:Fantaghir%C3%B2Fantaghirò series|an entire film series]]
** There was a similar fairy tale, only that the whole group was a bunch of girls. When they got wind of the 'tests' to expose them, they would try to confuse things even more. When offered jewels and fabrics, some of them ignored them, some of them appraised the valuables, and a couple of them 'stole' some of the gems. When ashes were strewn across the threshold (on the assumption that the girls would try to clean it up), most of them marched right across it, while a few of them tried to clean it up and made the mess worse in the process.
* In ''The Mother-Daughter Book Club'', one character wears a boy's uniform and helmet to try out for the school hockey team, since the coach refuses to let a girl join. Naturally, her skills secure her a slot on the team, even after her identity is revealed.
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* In the novel ''The Shakespeare Stealer'' a girl disguises herself as a boy so she can be an actor, since it was illegal for women to perform on the Elizabethan stage.
* Exactly the same thing happens in ''No Bed for Bacon'', the novel upon which ''[[Shakespeare in Love]]'' was (very) loosely based.
* [[Esther Friesner]]'s ''Majyk by Hook or Crook'' and ''Majyk by Design'' feature a [[Our Elves Are Different|Welfie]] swashbuckler who prefers to be called "A Blade for Justice". {{spoiler|Blade turns out to be Kendar's wife, Mysti who, whilst hiding a legendary bust and still wearing twinkly stuff on her eyelids, dies in a fight against a dragon because of a combination of the dragon's magical resistance and a poorly timed Disney-esque sword-throwing incident and is brought back to life by a rather stupid prince to whom she had no intention of marrying. Both Kendar and Mysti took the "Til death do us part" deal pretty seriously. Hilarity ensues in ''Majyk by Design'' when they hook back up with Mysti still in costume and Kendar's brother and aunts in eavesdropping distance.}}
* Pamela Kaufman's ''[http://www.amazon.com/Shield-Three-Lions-Pamela-Kaufman/dp/0609809466 Shield of Three Lions]'' has the main character, a young girl, dressing up as a boy to save herself from being killed off or married for her property. She ends up going off to the Crusades and falling in with [[Richard the Lion Heart|King Richard]]. Among other things, he falls in love with her as a boy and there is much confusion and danger (since he's the king) when he realizes she's a girl.
* ''[[Bloody Jack]]'' is a young adult novel about a London orphan girl who joins the Royal Navy as a ship's boy. Risky, but much more attractive than dying of starvation. This causes problems both comedic and poignant when she {{spoiler|falls in love with a fellow ship's boy, thinks she's dying when she gets her period and has nobody to ask about it}}, etc. It has several sequels, and the character sometimes reverts to this trope in a pinch, even though by then she's filled out a little more and presumably no longer looks like an androgynous eleven-year-old. People still buy it, though.
* Nearly every character in Piers Anthony's ''[[Refugee]]'' (in the series ''[[Bio of a Space Tyrant]]'') ends up dressing as a member of the opposite gender as a defense against ubiquitous space pirates.
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** Stevenson didn't put too much effort into it for two reasons: 1) He was writing it as part of a serial, and having her listed as a boy for the first few installements (it originally appeared in a weekly kids' magazine) would have confused the readers, and 2) he was only writing it for a quick buck while he wrote ''[[Prince Otto]]''. Ironically, ''The Black Arrow'' ended up being much more popular.
* Arya Stark in ''[[A Song of Ice and Fire]]'' sort of had this trope forced upon her, although she was something of a tomboy in the first place.
** In the first book, her unkempt, [[Tomboy|tomboyishtomboy]]ish appearance leads to lots of people mistakenly calling her "boy", and she angrily corrects them. In the second book, once she's in disguise, she repeats her catchphrase with a twist when someone sees through her ruse: [[Crowning Moment of Funny|"I'm not a girl!"]]
** [[Zig-Zagging Trope|Brienne is an interesting case]] in that she does look like a tall, powerfully built man ; she would have a ''harder'' time trying to look feminine than passing as a man. As she's one of the strongest knights in the Seven Kingdoms, she was able to secure a place in [[Praetorian Guard|Renly's guard]] without actually needing to hide. The only way you could tell her actual gender is by [[Samus Is a Girl|seeing her bareheaded]], which logically leads her to keep her helmet on when she'd rather not be recognized.
** While it hasn't been explicitly revealed as of yet, the half-Summer Islander, slim, smooth-faced Dornish [[Sdrawkcab Name|Alleras]] with the widow's peak who's not interested in women bears a striking resemblance to the half-Summer Islander, slim, Dornish female Sarella whose father had a widow's peak.
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* Nastily subverted in ''Iron Dawn'', in the backstory of Barra the Pict: seeking her fortune in the male-dominated Mediterranean, she dresses up as a young man and joins a group of bandits. She need not have bothered, as the thugs were disappointed to discover that she ''wasn't'' a boy when they turned upon and gang-raped her.
* [[Marion Zimmer Bradley]]'s wizard Lythande is a woman who disguised herself to be able to learn magic; by the time her teachers found her out, she had learned too much for them to send her away. Instead, her punishment was that if any man should learn she was a woman, she would lose her powers, thus condemning her to continue the masquerade for the rest of her life.
* In one of the ''[[Star Wars]]'' novels, Princess Leia debates trying to pass herself off as a man. She takes a good, long look in her mirror, and decides her figure is far too emphatically female. (Probably intended as an ironic reference to her [[Sweet Polly Oliver]] turn in ''[[Return of the Jedi]]'')
* Kite from ''Sewer, Gas and Electric'' acted out this trope during the American Civil War.
* [[Iain Banks]]'s {{spoiler|[[The Wasp Factory]]}} adds a twist in that ''the protagonist herself'' isn't aware of this. Yes, it's a weird book.
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* Ruth Mallory in ''[[Someone Else's War|Someone Elses War]]''. She doesn't get the idea until someone else mentions it, however, and [[Sex Slave|wishes she had thought of it]] [[Tear Jerker|much sooner.]]
 
== [[Live -Action TV]] ==
 
== Live Action TV ==
* ''[[Farscape]]'' did this in the episode "Coup By Clam," when Moya was orbiting a planet notorious for its torturously sexist laws. When a tech was sent over to help, Chiana found "him" attractive... and when it was discovered that the grease monkey was a [[Wrench Wench]] in disguise, Chiana [[Fetish Fuel|wasn't bothered]] [[Girl-On-Girl Is Hot|by this at all]]. Unfortunately, the security guard accompanying the tech wasn't so understanding, and came within inches of killing her before [[Magnificent Bastard|Scorpius]] [[Neck Snap|intervened.]]
** Actually, Chiana, being the experienced [[Lovable Sex Maniac]] she is, knew the tech was a [[Sweet Polly Oliver]] from the start and just used the ruse of hitting on her to get the mechanic to reveal herself. As Chiana herself put it "I know a man when I see one."
* Spoofed by the character of 'Bob' in the various ''[[Blackadder]]'' series.
** Queenie makes a very poor attempt at this (wearing a big cloak over her elaborate dress) in an attempt to join in on the boys' drinking party.
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** In yet another Korean drama, ''[[Han Guk Young]]'', Sujeolnyeo Seo-ssi (Lee Tae Ran) dresses like a man and goes out spying at night.
** ''[[You Are Beautiful]]'' has the heroine pretending to be her teenage heartthrob brother in order to take his place in a boy band. Jeremy's reaction to her reveal is priceless.
* Amusingly subverted in ''The Curse of the Claw''episode of ''[[Ripping Yarns]]'' (a parody of "The Monkey's Paw") with a character who only appears to be an obvious [[Sweet Polly Oliver]] because her strict Victorian upbringing was so strictly Victorian she doesn't know she's a woman (or indeed what women even are) (The hero is happy to enlighten her.)
* In the second season of ''[[Twin Peaks]]'', {{spoiler|Catherine Martell, presumed dead, disguises herself as Japanese investor Mr. Tojamura. Her costume fools the other Twin Peaks residents, including her husband}}.
* In the Chilean [[Soap Opera]] ''[[Pampa Ilusion]]'', the female lead is [[Hospital Hottie|a young and beautiful doctor]] who wants to get close to her misogynistic [[Jerkass]] of a father, who disinherited her and her [[Missing Mom]] when she was born. To do so without being found out, she crossdresses as a male physician, and unwittingly attracts [[Sweet on Polly Oliver|men]] (like the male lead, who is her dad's business counselor) and [[Stupid Sexy Flanders|women]] (like the old man's house maid)
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* In the [[Darkest Africa]] sketch in episode 29 of ''[[Monty Python's Flying Circus]]'', the explorer called Brian is obviously Carol Cleveland disguised as a man, though no special attention is drawn to it.
 
== [[Oral Tradition]], [[Folklore]], Myths and Legends ==
 
== Mythology & Folklore ==
* [[Older Than Print]]: Earlier than the [[Trope Namer]] is the Chinese legend of [[wikipedia:Hua Mulan|Hua Mulan]], a woman who joined the army as a man in lieu of her father, which has been made into a [[Disney Animated Canon|Disney movie]], [[Mulan]]. This story was first recorded in the 6th century C.E.
* Another old but non-military Chinese example, the Butterfly Lovers: Zhu Yingtai, who disguised herself as a man to become a scholar. She fell in love with her slightly clueless roommate Liang Shanbo and arranged to have him marry her 'sister.' This does not go as planned.
* The most commonly accepted explanation for the name of Petit Jean Mountain in Arkansas is that a young French lass dressed as a cabin boy ("Little John") to be near her fiancefiancé, who was a sailor on a ship headed to the New World. She caught ill and died, and her alleged grave can still be seen on the mountain.
* In ''[http://www.mythfolklore.net/andrewlang/076.htm The Lute Player]'', the queen dresses as a man to get safely to her husband.
 
* In ''[http://www.mythfolklore.net/andrewlang/053.htm The Girl Who Pretended to be a Boy]'' the youngest daughter of an emperor disguises herself as a boy and rescues a princess.
* The Brothers Grimm fairy tale ''The Twelve Huntsmen'' (who are actually a princess and eleven female companions disguised as men).
* Several Italian fairy tales have this, ranging from going to war, saving a prince dressed as a doctor, escaping from villains, or simply because they feel like it/ a magic pony told 'em to.: Fanta-ghiro the beautiful, The Dragon and Enchanted Filly, The First sword and the Last broom, Wormwood, The King of Spain and the English Milord, the Great Narbone, (in universe) The Parrot, the Canary Prince....
* In ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20131020231815/http://www.surlalunefairytales.com/facetiousnights/night4_fable1.html Costanza / Costanzo]'' Costanza disguised herself to go into service because she could not get a suitable bridegroom of [[Royal Blood]], only one of [[Blue Blood]].
 
== [[Tabletop Games]] ==
 
* In ''[[Traveller]]'', both the Aslan and the Sword Worlders have specific rules for this. In both these cases this is not a disguise so much as a formalized way to allow vocational flexibility in females without hurting the traditions. In the case of the Aslan it comes about when there are no male heirs and a female has to "become male"; which includes not only carrying out [[A Real Man Is a Killer|male roles]] but vowing celibacy. In the Sword Worlds it is a way for eccentric women who actually want to go adventuring to do so without hurting the [[Stay in the Kitchen]] principle.
* In the ''[[Ravenloft]]'' setting, the Midnight Slasher is a dark and mysterious [[Serial Killer]] who haunts the streets of Karina within the domain of Invidia. Most residents of the city assume this killer is a male, but in fact, the Slasher is a woman; the sworn enemy of and Gabrielle Aderre - the Lord of Invidia - her disguise is used to place her [[Beneath Suspicion]].
 
== Theater[[Theatre]] ==
* [[Shakespeare]] ''loved'' this one. ''[[As You Like It]]'', ''[[Two Gentlemen of Verona]]'', ''[[Twelfth Night]]'', ''[[The Merchant of Venice]]'', ''[[Cymbeline]]''... Remember that the women [[Recursive Crossdressing|would have been played by men in the first place]] in his time, andso youone can just imagine the potential.
** English Renaissance drama in general does this frequently for precisely that reason. And after women were allowed to act on the English stage in the 1660s, playwrights continued to include this as part of the plot as a form of [[Fan Service]].
* Happens fairly regularly in [[Opera]] -- Beethoven—Beethoven's ''[[Fidelio]]'', for one.
** Poor Zedenka (''[[Arabella]]'', Richard Strauss), forced to dress as a boy because her family cannot afford to let her doll up like her big sister Arabella. She gets her man in the end, so all is well.
** Handel's opera ''[[Alcina]]''. Brave girl Bradamante dresses as a man, under the name Ricciardo, to save her lover Ruggiero from the clutches of the sister witches Alcina and Morgana. They ''both'' fall in love with "him". A messy love network ensues.
* The plot comic opera ''The Firefly'' has pretty little street singer Nina run away from home to Bermuda disguised in boy's clothes. Unfortunately, the boy in question happens to be the notorious pickpocket Antonio Columbo.
* In the comedy ''A Servant of Two Masters,'' one of the "masters" is a woman disguised as her own brother, trying to find her beloved - who is the other one.
 
 
== [[Video Games]] ==
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** On the other hand, people are still trying to discern whether Sheik is male or female; (S)he's almost as confusing as [[Super Mario Bros.|Birdo]]... and the [[Zelda Manga|manga adaptation]] doesn't help matters either.
* {{spoiler|Naoto Shirogane}} of ''[[Persona 4]]''.
* Despite appearing as an enemy, King was handled as this in the original ''[[Art of Fighting]]'' -- her—her reason in this case being that due to not being able participate in Muay Thai tournaments as a child due to her gender, she passed herself off as male and continued to do even after moving to the United States. Later games made her femaleness more obvious, even including visible breasts -- althoughbreasts—although relatively modest-appearing... despite the fact that without binding and concealment, her bust measurement rivaled [[Ms. Fanservice|Mai Shiranui's]], which was capitalized on for some fanservicey official art, and occasional in-game fanservice. ''King of Fighters 2001'' threw this muted handling of her appearance completely out the window, but [[Fanon Discontinuity|we don't like to talk about it.]]
** In the first game, King's gender was a [[Tomato Surprise]] that you could uncover by defeating her with a fireball attack. Too bad her hit cries were so feminine that it hardly counted as a secret.
* In ''[[Fate/stay night]]'', Saber is actually {{spoiler|King Arthur, who used Merlin's magic to disguise herself as a man.}}
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* ''[[Jade Empire]]'' features a theatrical production in a culture where only men may be actors; naturally, if the player character is female, [[All Up to You|she takes the part anyway]]. Of course, [[Recursive Crossdressing|it's a a female part]]...
* Sypha Belnades in ''[[Castlevania]] III: Dracula's Curse''. Being a witch, she had to disguise herself to avoid being [[Burn the Witch|burned]]. The game and manual were fairly good about concealing this fact until the very end. ''Judgment'', however, gives her large breasts and a fanservicey outfit.
* In ''[[Dragon Force (video game)|Dragon Force]]'' (the game, not the band), one of the leaders is a female who wears intimidating and bulky armor with a face-concealing helmet for the first half of the game. Her proper gender is indicated immediately if you play as her in the campaign, but [http://img230.imageshack.us/img230/225/junonlb8.gif nobody else knows until she takes off the helmet.]
* In ''[[Rival Schools]]'', Akira goes undercover in a body-concealing motorcycle helmet and leather jacket to investigate her older brother's disappearance. This is necessitated by the fact that her brother attends an [[One-Gender School|all-male school]] for [[Delinquents]].
* A common trope in the early ''[[Metal Gear]]'' (particularly in ''Metal Gear 2: Solid Snake'', ''Metal Gear Solid'', and ''Metal Gear: Ghost Babel'') had Solid Snake having to rendezvous with a female ally who has already infiltrated the enemy by disguising herself as a soldier. Particularly in ''MG2'' and ''MGS'', the only way to determine who is Snake's contact is to follow said contact to the Ladies' room.
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* {{spoiler|Rei Ijuin}} in the original ''[[Tokimeki Memorial]]'' because apparently her father wanted a boy.
 
== [[Web Comics]] ==
 
== Web Comics ==
* Spoofed [http://the-whiteboard.com/autotwb1092.html here] in ''[[The Whiteboard]]''.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150428205728/http://www.airshipentertainment.com/growfcomic.php?date=20081228 Timothy Peter Hugo Stanley]. "A few crewmembers are convinced he harbors some deep secret, but... it remains a mystery." Beneath is an obvious picture of a (not-very-Foglioesque) girl.
* Emet from ''[[Warrior U]]'' dresses as a boy so that she can learn to become a warrior.
* In ''[[Strays]]'', [http://www.straysonline.com/2012/01/page-202/ Meela's brother cut her hair so they could pass as brothers, rather than the brother and sister their enemies were looking for. She didn't like it.]
 
== [[Web Original]] ==
 
== Web Original ==
* [[Huge Schoolgirl]] Dacey "Dawson" Ashcroft in ''[[Survival of the Fittest]]'' pretends to be a guy due to the negative attention she received in her previous school, feeling it easier to get through highschool if everyone believes her to be a man. Luckily, she doesn't look all that feminine, and unlike some of the other female Southridge students lacks large breasts.
* Amber Jarrett in ''[[Decades of Darkness]]''
 
== [[Western Animation]] ==
 
== Western Animation ==
* In the ''[[Futurama]]'' episode "War Is the H-Word", Leela disguises herself as a man named "Lee Lemon" in order to join the army. Zapp Brannigan is still attracted to her without seeing through the disguise leading to some... confusing feelings.
{{quote|'''Zapp:''' (after the Leela feminine reveal) I've never been so happy to be beaten by a woman!}}
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** This is actually [[Truth in Television|based on her historical actions]], although the real Joan made no secret of her gender and wore male clothing just because it was more practical.
*** Although it's a pretty safe bet that the real-life Joan's army [[It Makes Sense in Context|had no dolphins disguised as people.]]
* ''[[Gummi Bears]]'' -- Princess—Princess Calla does this to avoid getting a bodyguard. Her father finds out and so is impressed at how formidable she is that he immediately agrees that she doesn't need one.
* The [[Disney Animated Canon|Disney movie]] based on the [[Mulan]] legend, referenced above.
* In one episode of ''[[The Simpsons]]'', Springfield Elementary becomes segregated by gender. Since the girls' school isn't teaching math properly, Lisa disguises herself as a boy in order to join the boys' class.
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* Combined with [[You Go, Girl!]] on ''[[Doug]]'' when Patti tries out for the softball team.
* An episode of ''[[Jimmy Two-Shoes]]'' had Heloise disguise herself as a boy in order to see a list of "Guy Stuff" that Jimmy and Beezy wouldn't let her see.
* An episode of [[The Grim Adventures of Billy and& Mandy]] has Mandy disguising herself as a boy calling herself Manfred to help out Billy's baseball team which does poorly, he won't let her join because he doesn't want a girl on his team despite Mindy leading the team that always beats them, she only wears pants and a baseball cap, once she takes off the cap he recognizes her and kicks her out only to accept her again when she puts the cap back on (he's pretty stupid).
 
 
== [[Real Life]] ==
* During the [[American Civil War]], some of the corpses of fallen men were discovered not to have been men at all. At least 240 women are known to have served in the ACW disguised as men, as you can read about here: http://www.amazon.com/They-Fought-Like-Demons-Soldiers/dp/1400033152/ref=pd_cp_b_1 Several maintained their disguises after the war in order to qualify for pensions. It was a lot easier for women to get away with this back in the days before routine physical examinations, since often the only physical standards enlistees had to meet were "upright and breathing". Also, many 18th and 19th century women were relatively small-breasted due to inadequate nutrition, and many figured out the trick of padding out your waist instead of trying to completely eliminate your breasts, which was helped by often ill-fitting uniforms.
* Joan of Arc did not disguise herself as a man, but chose to wear men's clothing while fighting for practical reasons.
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{{reflist}}
[[Category:Sweet Polly Oliver{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Disguise Tropes]]
[[Category:Narrative Devices]]
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[[Category:Always Female]]
[[Category:Gender Blending Tropes]]
[[Category:Secret Identity Tropes]]
[[Category:Truth in Television]]
[[Category:Costume Tropes]]
[[Category:Sweet Polly Oliver]]
[[Category:Identity Index]]