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{{trope}}
[[File:nero rome fire 7842.png|link=While Rome Burns|frame|Lyre, lyre, Rome's on fire!]]
{{quote|''"Madness reigns
''In the hall of the Mountain King"''
|'''[[Savatage]]''', "Hall of the Mountain King" }}
The downside of any [[Royal Blood|hereditary monarchy]] is that every so often the throne is inherited by someone completely out of his gourd. It could be the lead plumbing (or complete lack thereof), the immortality elixirs (which all make use of mercury) or [[In the Blood|it's genetic]] ([[Royally Screwed-Up|in which case you're in some deep trouble]]). Yet, despite the sovereign's obvious insanity, he is still [[I Control My Minions Through...|given the full power and support of the State]], with inevitably disastrous consequences.
'''The Caligula''' will be wildly irrational, [[Mood Swinger|violently moody]], very intolerant of being told anything he doesn't want to hear, and probably afflicted with a [[A God Am I|god complex]]. He may indulge in [[Egopolis|renaming cities or even the entire country after himself]]. To do anything the Caligula finds displeasing is to inevitably be dragged off to a grisly death or [[Fate Worse Than Death|worse]]. Of course, this could also happen to those who have not done anything at all. Due to their continuing close proximity to the Caligula, members of the Court ([[Deadly Decadent Court|decadent]] or [[Standard Royal Court|otherwise]]) will be the primary targets of his fits of rage. The Caligula is very definitely a [[Bad Boss]]. With any luck, thanks to [[The Starscream]]/[[Reliable Traitor]]/[[La Résistance]], a conspiracy will eventually develop to remove the crazy sovereign from his post... permanently.
And while all of this is going on, the land over which the Caligula rules is rapidly going down the drain due to his neglect. At best. If he's a [[Glory Hound]], he has an advantage over most: he can start wars.
This is not limited to sovereign heads of state.
See [[Royally Screwed
The canonical alignment for many Caligulas is [[Chaotic Evil]] of the Type 4 variety, though some [[Neutral Evil]] examples exist. [[Lawful Evil]] Caligulas are possible (though rare enough to be almost unheard of) as any alignment is subject to insanity and [[Lawful Evil]] characters do enjoy establishing cruel laws and seeing their minions enforce them.
Named for what is probably history's best known whack-job, [[The Roman Empire|Roman]] [[The Emperor|emperor]] [
In terms of the ranks of [[Authority Tropes]], the tropes that are equal are [[The Good Chancellor]], [[Evil Chancellor]], [[Standard Royal Court]] and [[Deadly Decadent Court]]. The next step down is [[The Brigadier]]. The next steps up are [[The Evil Prince]], [[Prince Charming]], [[Prince Charmless]], [[Warrior Prince]], [[The White Prince]], [[The Wise Prince]], and all [[Princess Tropes]].
So what does it take to be the [[Trope Namer]] for insane royalty? The [[Emperor Caligula]] page has the details.
While Real Life examples are perfectly welcome, do try to save them until after the ruler in question is dead, deposed, or otherwise unable to strike back at you and/or All The Tropes.
{{examples}}
== [[Anime]] and [[Manga]] ==
* Queen Himiko from the "Dawn" arc of ''[[Phoenix]]'', who then dooms her kingdom by exiling her [[Reasonable Authority Figure|Brother]] when he finally tells her enough is enough.
* The [[Complete Monster|Maestro Delphine]] of ''[[Last Exile]]''.
* [[Complete Monster|King Hamdo]] of ''[[Now and Then, Here and There]]'' is a petty, raging tyrant who expends his armies of enslaved [[Child Soldiers]] at will. His first scenes involve strangling his cat when it upsets him, and then having the child protagonist tortured for hours and hours on end.
* Niwe of ''[[Utawarerumono]]''.
* Emperor Ganishka in the latest arc of ''[[Berserk]]'', who even manages to stand head and shoulders above the other villains in the series. No small feat, considering they were nearly all absolutely horrible [[Complete Monster|Complete Monsters.]]
* [[Fruits Basket]]: While not actually royalty, Akito plays this role as head of the Sohma family. {{spoiler|She gets better, unlike the standard Caligula.}}
* The World Government of ''[[One Piece]]'' appears to fall into this, although not the Marines protecting it. The World Government itself is incredibly corrupt and brutal, being major patrons of the mostly pirate-run slave trade and using the Marines for acts of mass butchery to silence those that found out their dirty secrets or could threaten them. The ''nobility'' of this world is even worse, as the upper-middle class will cheerfully burn an occupied city to the ground to make things look neater for a World Noble's visit and claim it's the poor people's fault for being too stupid to be born nobles. The highest social class are so batshit insane they wear air bubbles to prevent themselves from breathing the same air as commoners and regularly murder anyone they encounter them over the very pettiest gripes.
** Were he to achieve his goal of taking over Fishman Island, Hodi Jones would easily be this - his immediate plans would be to slaughter anyone on the island who wants to live in peace with [[Fantastic Racism|humans]], followed by going to a council of kings with the intended purpose of murdering them all.
* ''[[Kirby:
* Clair Leonelli of ''[[Heat Guy J]]''. This (more than the fact that he's [[Just a Kid|only 19 years old)]] is the reason the other Mafia higher-ups are reluctant to let him assume the role of [[Badass Nickname|Vampire]].
* Gihren Zabi of ''[[Mobile Suit Gundam]]'', a soulless [[Evil Prince]] who has no problems murdering his father to seize power, using [[Weapons of Mass Destruction]] to butcher civillian populations, or subverting the entire war effort in the name of his [[Social Darwinist]] agenda. He's less overtly crazy than many examples, but makes up for it with his total [[Lack of Empathy]] and emotionless [[The Sociopath|psychopathy]].
* [[Psychopathic Manchild|Kano]] from ''[[Texhnolyze]],'' the [[Big Bad]]. While very [[The Chessmaster|intelligent]], [[The Ubermensch|charismatic]] and [[New Era Speech|eloquent]], he's a deranged solipsist who believes that he's the only real person in a world that exists inside his mind. A possible explanation for this may be the fact that he's the result of generations of selective inbreeding, designed to create the perfect ruler.
== [[Comic Books]] ==
* [[Conan the Barbarian]] came up against mad and corrupt kings with some regularity, but the most notable of these was King Numedides, who Conan [[You Kill It, You Bought It|overthrew to become king of Aquilonia]]. Numedides regularly had men and women flayed alive for minor transgressions; indeed, when Conan was imprisoned in his tower, Numedides executed a dancer who Conan liked and ordered a scrap of her flesh tossed in Conan's cell. Conan immediately recognized whom it belonged to because of the dancer's many tattoos. As well, in order to become immortal, Numedides enlisted the services of the [[Evil Sorcerer]] Thulandra Thuu; together, they sacrificed young women in order for Numedides to [[Blood Bath|bathe in their blood]].
* In "[[The Hour of the Dragon]]," Valerius fits this trope perfectly: his drunken revelry, sexual violence and senseless slaughter was so extensive that his co-conspirators had to step in, to stop him from running the kingdom into the ground.
** In [[Robert E. Howard]]'s original story, Valerius does this deliberately, in order to ruin the realm, because he knows [[You Have Outlived Your Usefulness]] is coming, and wants [[Taking You with Me]] so his co-conspirators won't profit.
* Chief Judge [[Meaningful Name|Cal]] in the ''[[Judge Dredd]]'' story "The Day The Law Died" (collected as ''Judge Caligula'') is, as the name suggests, closely based on the Emperor (even being drawn to resemble John Hurt in ''[[I, Claudius]]''). [[Emperor Caligula|Caligula]] (allegedly) made his horse a senator; Cal made his goldfish Deputy Chief Judge. Caligula demanded grandiose building projects; Cal expected the citizens to build a mile high wall around Mega-City One in a week. He also argued with deceased former Chief Judges, preserved his execution victims in vinegar, and sentenced the ''entire city'' to death ''twice''. At least the mile-high wall actually helped protect the city later on.
* Vulcan (from the Summers' [[Tangled Family Tree]]) becomes king of the Shi'ar empire, of all things, and essentially drives the entire people to hell, dividing them and thus starting the [[War of Kings]].
* Former Shi'ar king D'Ken, who is at least partially responsible for Vulcan being as screwed up as he is, was another fine example (until he was killed by, you guessed it, Vulcan).
* Like Conan, [[Red Sonja]] has come up against her fair share of mad kings. Unlike Conan, most of them attempted to imprison her in their harems. [[Action Girl|Bad move]].
* Two-Spear in ''[[Elf Quest]]''. Winnowill, too.
* King Kel in ''[[Strontium Dog]]''
* The Red King, main villain of the ''[[Planet Hulk]]'' storyline, fits this trope to a T.
* In the [[Dark Empire]] arc of the ''[[Star Wars]]'' comic lines, Palpatine became this after his first resurrection. Although he was definitely not a good person prior to his first death in Return of the Jedi, he at least was sane enough to actually succeed in his plans and manipulate factors in his favor. Afterwards, he's become just yet another insane, megalomaniacal tyrant (his increased insanity was heavily implied to be the direct result of transferring his spirit into clones.)
** It also probably didn't help that {{spoiler|said clones were being sabotaged by one of his guards to genetically break down}}.
* ''[[Sin City
== [[Film]] ==
* Of course, there is [[Emperor Caligula|Caligula]] himself, who appears in the guise of Jay Robinson in ''[[
* The Roman Emperor Commodus as depicted in ''[[Gladiator (
* The portrayal of Idi Amin in ''[[The Last King of Scotland]]'' exemplifies this trope almost perfectly. He begins as an [[Anti-Hero]] and descends into complete madness and insanity.
* Harold Shand, anti-hero of the classic 1980 British gangster movie ''[[The Long Good Friday]]''. He begins as a competent mob boss with grand ambitions, who nonetheless seems sane and grounded. After a series of mysterious and violent incidents chip away at his criminal empire, he gradually falls apart; by the end of the film he has slit the throat of his most trusted lieutenant, alienated his most valuable business partners, and had his fellow gang bosses strung up on meat hooks. It all ends badly.
* Roberto is depicted as one in ''[[Futurama]]: Bender's Game'', having sent his entire army out to wage war on scallops, but sunk the ships wiping them out.
* Swan, the villainous record producer of ''[[Phantom of the Paradise]].'' Though he styles himself as an [[Affably Evil]] [[The Chessmaster|manipulator]], almost every single decision he makes in the film is made on a whim: his employees are hired, fired or reassigned on the flimsiest of reasons, he imprisons his stars in [[Magically
* Then there's ''[[Quo Vadis]]?'', which gave us a ''delightfully mad'' Nero played by [[Large Ham|Peter Ustinov]]. Arguably one of the best things in the whole movie.
* In the [[Woody Allen]] film ''Bananas'', the rebel leader Esposito goes mad with power the second he gains control of San Marcos. For your consideration, his speech to the people of San Marcos:
{{quote|
* The King of ''[[The King and
* Komodo in the film ''Warriors of Virtue'' certainly qualifies.
* Emperor Tod Spengo of ''[[Mom and Dad Save The World]]''.
* The Alternate Universe version of Biff Tannen in ''[[Back to The Future]]: Part II''. Using the [[Timeline
* In ''[[
* Aedenoid Hynkel from ''[[The Great Dictator]]'', a parody of Hitler who even dances with a globe of the world as he thinks of becoming 'Emperor of the World'.
* Admiral General Aladeen from ''[[The Dictator]]''. Among other things, the guy has his own men executed for the most trivial reasons such as his nuclear missile program head not having made the missile pointy or one of his men accidentally blocking him on a staircase ({{spoiler|though it turns out his executioners are rebels and everyone he has ordered killed is alive and living in New York}}), he hosted is own "Aladeen Games" where he won every single event (the one shown being a race where he shoots the other athletes in the leg and has the finishing line carried forward to break it) and even changed a large percentage of the words in the language in his country to "Aladeen"...including ''contradictory'' words like "positive/negative" and "open/closed", causing immense confusion. All [[Played for Laughs]], naturally.
== [[Literature]] ==
* Caligula is a central character to the novel ''[[I, Claudius]]'' by Robert Graves, and he is as insane as you would think.
** He declares himself a god, which he feels justifies {{spoiler|murdering his father and sleeping with his sisters (all 3 of them!)}}
** And when he actually becomes emperor... you'd better watch out.
* Most Malwa in [[Belisarius Series]]. The worst of them are so evil they would be funny if they [[Harsher in Hindsight|weren't like real dictators.]] Many would still find them funny.
* [[A. E. van Vogt]]'s EMPIRE OF THE ATOM and THE WIZARD OF LINN has most prominent characters as analogues of Roman history, starting with Clane/Claudius. "Calaj" is the obvious Caligula stand in, the grandson of Lydia/Livia and related to Clane and Tews/Tiberius.
* ''[[A Song of Ice and Fire]]'' gives us both King Aerys II "The Mad" Targaryen and [[Complete Monster|King Joffrey Baratheon]] (who knew a 13-year-old could be that psychotic?). The former was the worst King that Westeros ever had, and a powerful 300-year old dynasty was overthrown because of his insane actions. The latter's reckless, childish cruelty and love of ordering executions resulted in a continent-wide civil war.
** Indeed, [[Royally Screwed
** There is [[God Save Us From the Queen|Cersei as the Queen Regent]], as well. Not as bad as her son Joffrey, though.
* Swemmel, king of Unkerlant, in [[Harry Turtledove]]'s ''[[Darkness]]'' novels, who's really just a [[Fantasy Counterpart Culture]] equivalent of Joseph Stalin.
* The "Gentleman With the Thistle-down Hair" from ''[[Jonathan Strange
* ''[[Discworld]]'' throws a few examples at us:
** There was King Gurnt the Stupid of Lancre, whose attempt at training an aerial attack force of armored ravens [[Just for Pun|never got off the ground]].
** Duke Felmet, also of Lancre, might have been stable before he gained the throne through regicide, but afterwards he would regularly try to [[Out, Damned Spot!|remove the blood from his hands]] via sandpaper or cheese grater and be surprised that this only generated more.
*** [[Lady Macbeth|His wife]] is even worse, being nothing more than a [[Card-Carrying Villain|card carrying]] [[Social Darwinist]] sociopath.
** Ankh-Morpork has had its share of unbalanced rulers as well, like King Ludwig the Tree, who once issued a royal proclamation on the need to develop a new type of frog and thought up the city motto "Quanti Canicula Ille In Fenestra" (which is [[Canis Latinicus|pseudo-Latin]] for "How much is that doggy in the window?"), and King Lorenzo the Kind, who was "very fond of children". King Lorenzo was the last straw; after his execution, Ankh-Morpork became a republic, led by the
** Homicidal Lord Winder turned Ankh-Morpork into a police state out of paranoia.
** The aptly named Psychoneurotic (sometimes merely Mad) Lord Snapcase
** Yet another example is the Agatean Emperor in ''[[
* [[Lois McMaster Bujold]]'s [[Vorkosigan Saga|Barrayaran Empire]] had a Mad Emperor Yuri about a generation before the Vorkosigan series starts.
** They've also had [[Complete Monster|Prince Serg]], who would certainly have qualified, had he not... conveniently died... before succeeding to the throne.
** Also, there is a widely-mentioned historical case where a Count Vortala did appoint his horse, Midnight, as his heir, but there is no indication that Vortala was either crazy, or evil. He just did it as a [[Take That]] to his previous heir, whom he was having an argument with.
{{quote|
* Mad King Alan II in [[Stephen King]]'s ''The Eyes of the Dragon'' is a good example of this, although his madness tended more towards harmless debauchery. It was only through the malevolent influence of the story's [[Big Bad]] that he inflicted genuine suffering on the populace.
* The Queen of Hearts in ''[[Alice in Wonderland]]'', arguably. Adaptations have played it up even more.
* Several of the gods portrayed in the series ''[[Everworld]]'' fit this description perfectly. Almost every god that the main characters encounter, regardless of what mythology they originate from, has an utterly apathetic regard for life in general [[Jerkass Gods|(being gods and all)]] and shows a certain degree of sadism, though some of them ('''especially''' Neptune) are simply bat-shit insane.
* The Harkonnens in [[Frank Herbert]]'s ''[[Dune]]'' novels were pretty much [[Royally Screwed
* The ruling Urga line of Cthol Murgos in the ''[[Belgariad]]'' [[Royally Screwed
** Urgit does seem a bit unstable at first, though more flippant than bloodthirsty, but that is because he is very well aware of the 'all reliably go insane before late middle age' rule. If you know you'll descend into insanity soon enough, why bother? As soon as he learns ''why'' his mother is so insistent the Urga curse won't affect him, he quickly drops the flippancy and becomes an effective ruler.
* King Ademar of Gorhaut in [[Guy Gavriel Kay]]'s ''A Song for Arbonne'' has rabid dogs tearing each other to pieces before the throne and maids give him blowjobs right in front of a ''very'' discomfitted court, among many other strange hobbies.
* At least as portrayed in the ''[[1632]]'' series, Charles I of England seems to qualify. The Stuart monarchs in general were firm believers in the divine right of kings; they were also generally pretty feckless as rulers. 1632 Charles has heard what will happen to him and is lashing out at his future enemies. True to form, he's messing it up (he's driven his historical best supporter into working with Cromwell, who's still alive, if on the run). Odds are the English Civil will come early in this world. This makes him a particularly incompetent Caligula.
* ''[[The 120 Days of Sodom]]'' by the [[Marquis
* In Barry Hughart's ''[[Bridge of Birds|The Story of the Stone,]]'' the infamous Laughing Prince committed all sorts of horrors on the peasants in his valley, some of them in pursuit of immortality, [[Axe Crazy|some just because he was crazy.]] He was named for his cheerful, laughing demeanor and charming little dance step. Li Kao diagnoses him as brain-damaged from repeated consumption of a mercury-laced "elixir of life."
* Meet
* Randall Flagg from ''[[The Stand]]'' barely remembers most of his own life, is prone to childish fits of anger, and doesn't even seem to understand his own motivations; he just seems driven by some instinct or outside force to cause as much mayhem and destruction as he possibly can. And he may or may not be [[Satan|the devil]].
* In [[Robert E. Howard]]'s [[Conan the Barbarian]] story "[[
* Astrabolo in ''[[Stationery Voyagers]]''. There is no dog ([[And Your Little Dog, Too|or its cousin]]) [[Complete Monster|he won't]] [[Kick the Dog|kick]].
* Autarch Sulepis of ''[[Shadowmarch]]'' has it all- bizarre behavior, [[Evil Overlord|tyrannical style of rule]], [[Complete Monster|unhealthy fondness]] for [[Cold-Blooded Torture|recreational inflicting of pain]] and [[A God Am I|designs on godhood]] {{spoiler|which fall spectacularly flat when the god he's trying to enslave proves [[Evil Is Not a Toy|less than cooperative]].}}
* The Crackling Prince in [[Walter Jon Williams]] ARISTOI probably qualifies, although he never appears and is referred to only in discussing the past. He planned on "artistically" reconfiguring planetary landscapes with gravity generators --- with the people still living on them and expected to be grateful. Understandably "a commission had been formed in Perseopolis to examine his behavior", but he was somehow persuaded to retire before the other Aristoi actually did anything.
* Vlad Tepes in ''[[
* The Secretary-General in [[Larry Niven]]'s ''The Flight of the Horse'' series is effectively a dictator and has a mental age of six.
== [[Live-Action TV]] ==
* The [[Emperor Caligula]] himself, as magnificently depicted by John Hurt in ''[[I, Claudius]]''. (See also [[Brother-Sister Incest]].)
* The Centauri Republic's insane emperor Cartagia from ''[[Babylon 5]]''. He even sets his planet on a path he knows will probably end with it {{spoiler|[[Earthshattering Kaboom|blown into little pieces]]}} because he thinks it'll make a fitting ceremony for [[A God Am I|his ascension to godhood]]. {{spoiler|In the end, soon-to-be Prime Minister Londo and his associates assassinate him.}}
* Peter Falk plays a thinly-disguised [[Expy]] of Fidel Castro in an episode of the original [[The Twilight Zone|Twilight Zone]] that revolts against the previous ruler. Once in power, he becomes insanely paranoid and orders the executions of all of his former allies because he thinks they want to assassinate him. He finally flips out completely and commits suicide.
* Monica Mancuso on ''[[Las Vegas]]''. The Montecito’s other owners have ranged from reasonable (Gavin Brunson) to friendly (Casey Manning) to aloof but thoughtful (AJ Cooper), but Mancuso gradually devolved into outright megalomania during her stay.
* The original series of ''[[
** The new series' Master, who under the alias of Harold Saxon became Prime Minister, despite still being as mad as ever, if not more so.
** John Simm had actually played [[Emperor Caligula|Caligula]] in a made-for-TV miniseries in 2004, with [[Large Ham|copious amounts of ham]] [http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=john+simm+caligula&aq=f (oh yes)]. Later, Simm has been quoted as saying that Caligula was just a dress rehearsal for the Master, and that he partially based his performance on Caligula.
* In ''[[
* In the 1998 ''[[Merlin (
* [[Wonder Woman/Series|Wonder Woman TV series]]: Marion Mariposa, from episode “Screaming javelins” is wildly irrational, violently moody, very intolerant of being told anything he doesn't want to hear, and [[I Control My Minions Through...|totally in control of a micronation, submarines and his mercenaries]]. He infiltrates the US by sky diving, kidnaps Olympic athletes in an attempt to gain popularity for his own micronation,
== [[Professional Wrestling]] ==
* Vince McMahon has been portrayed as the ultimate Caligula in Professional Wrestling. The [[Catch Phrase|phrase]] "Don't Cross The Boss" comes to mind. If you do, you might be forced into a handicap match with the monster heel of the week, have to join Vince McMahon's 'Kiss My Ass' club or simply be told that "YOU'RE FIRED!!!!"
* Eric Bischoff was WCW's Caligula, was WWE's Caligula when McMahon chose to step out of the spotlight, and is currently TNA's Caligula. Though [[Your Mileage May Vary]] on that last one.
* Triple H during the McMahon-Helmsley era and later during the Evolution era.
* Recently{{when}} Vickie Guerrero has been wrestling's number 1 Caligula. Cross her and you can kiss both your dignity and your balls goodbye.
** EXCUSE ME!!!
* There is a new Caligula in town; his name is John Laurinaitis.
== [[Tabletop Games]] ==
* More than a few planetary lords in ''[[Warhammer 40,000]]'' probably fit into this category, but special mention must be made of High Lord Goge Vandire, who in the 36th millennium managed to take control of both the [[The Empire|Imperium's]] [[The Government|Administratum]] and [[Church Militant|Ecclesiarchy]],<ref>by means of first installing an incompetent and weak minded [[High Priest|Ecclesiarch]] and then having him executed for being incompetent and weak willed before declaring himself Ecclesiarch</ref> beginning the [[Names to Run Away From Really Fast|Reign of Blood]]. Vandire was notoriously paranoid and ordered the deaths of millions and the destruction of entire worlds due to real or imagined plots against him. He eventually developed a phobia of light and took to wandering the darkened corridors of the Imperial Palace while muttering to himself, and was ultimately killed by his [[Amazon Brigade|all-female cadre of bodyguards]] to end the devastating civil war. In the four thousand years since then, the Imperium has all but destroyed itself waging penitent crusades to atone.
* ''[[Ravenloft]]'' loves this trope. About half the domains are ruled by Caligulas (even if they're not the actual dark lord). Some examples include Othmar Bolshnik, who's on the brink of declaring himself king of a nation that withholds the title of "king" for their mythical religious ruler; Ivan Dilisnya, a paranoid opera fanatic who sends suspected enemies, actors who displease him, and anyone else he has a problem with to his Play Room; and Vlad Drakov, [[Complete Monster|who seems to be the creators' attempt to put Vlad the Impaler and Hitler in a blender and see what comes out]].
* ''[[Paranoia (game)|Paranoia]]'' is a [[Tabletop Game]] based solely on being controlled by a Caligula named "[[The Computer Is Your Friend|Friend Computer]]."
** Lies spread by [[Dirty Communists|Commie]] [[Mutants|Mutant]] [[The Mole|Traitors]]. Friend Computer is flawless and all-knowing, and works tirelessly to ensure the safety and well-being of all citizens of Alpha Complex. Will the citizen who wrote the above entry please report to the nearest Termination Booth. Further, all citizens who read this Commie Mutant Traitor propaganda are declared to be irreversibly contaminated, and are to report for termination at once. Please note, failure to report for termination is grounds for immediate termination. Have a nice day!
* ''[[Vampire: The Requiem]]'' loves this trope, and the entire Ventrue clan more or less exemplifies this tendency. While it's ''possible'' for other clans to go Caligula, 9 times out of 10 it's a Ventrue. This is because they not only have lordly instincts, but their clan weakness is a tendency to easily pick up Derangements if they fall down the [[Karma Meter]]. So if a Ventrue Prince has to make the hard choices, and is able to rationalize them away, the crazy's going to start to leak through sooner or later...
** The Ventrue have ''dozens'' of bloodlines, all based on this concept. Just want to be a crazy? Try the Malkovians. Creepy obsessive shut-ins? Malocusians. Sadistic gluttons? Macellarius. Ventrue supremacists with overhanging racist/nativist tendencies? Deucalion. Crazed worshipers of divine architecture? The Architects of the Monolith. In fact, in a possible creation myth explained in ''Mythologies'', Caligula was, in fact, the first Gangrel. [[Julius Caesar]] was the first Ventrue. [[Blatant Lies|Bullshit, yes,]] {{spoiler|but a very clever [[Lampshade Hanging]] about the Julii clan}}.
* ''[[
* ''[[Exalted]]'': Anyone whose soul is affixed to the Exaltation will behave this way due to death-curse from the creator-gods they murdered, but Solar Exalted takes the proverbial cake.
In ''[[Dungeons and Dragons]]'', rulers who are like this among the [[Snake People| Yuan-Ti]] are more common than those who aren’t. Their governments have always been theocratic, with the [[Humanoid Abomination| Yuan-Ti Anathemas]] being high priests and [[God-Emperor]]s, literal manifestations of their snake gods. However some unexplained phenomenon<ref>Though in the Forgotten Realms setting, probably related to the fall of Netheril</ref> caused the Anathemas’ connection to their gods to sever, turning the Anathemas into raging lunatics and causing the once great Yuan-Ti empires to collapse. Some are even incapable of ruling at all, their subjects keeping them in oubliette-style pits, throwing them food and [[Human Sacrifice| blood sacrifices]], which to them are usually the same thing.
== [[Theatre]] ==
* [[William Shakespeare]]'s ''[[Richard III]]''. Starts out a gleeful villain and ends completely insane.
== [[Video Games]] ==
* For examples where the game allows ''you'' to be The Caligula, see [[Cruel Player Character God]].
* [[Halo]]'s Covenant Prophets tend to fall in this category, especially the main trio. They know the whole Covenant thing is a load of crap. They just want to genocide humans because the humans are inheritors of the forerunners, and proof that the forerunners were physical beings and thus proof that their religion is all lies. Truth really stands out, by the end he's clearly a complete psychopath.
** Fun fact: the [[Word of God|canon]] scientific name for the Prophet species is Latin for "Worms of Treachery."
* Lord Dimwit Flathead, the most well-known (and infamous) ruler of the Great Underground Empire in the ''[[
* King Bowser from ''[[Super Mario]]'' comes off this way in the RPGs. Also King Croacus in Super Paper Mario. The latter is justified in that {{spoiler|he's driven insane by poisoning.}}
* King [[Names to Run Away From Really Fast|K. Rool]] from ''[[Donkey Kong Country]]''. It got so bad that apparently his minions deposed him and replaced him with a robot. {{spoiler|Of course, then you find out later that [[Xanatos Gambit|he was controlling the robot anyway...]].}}
* Anybody who has ever played ''[[Suikoden II]]'' for more than five minutes knows that [[The Evil Prince|Prince Luca Blight]] may even dwarf
{{quote|
'''Villager:''' ''Y-yes! I'll do anything!''
'''Luca:''' ''In that case, act like a pig.''
'''Villager:''' ''Huh?''
'''Luca:''' ''I said ACT LIKE A PIG!!!''
'''Villager:''' ''Y-yes! All right! *on four, making pig noises*''
'''Luca:''' ''[[Evil Laugh|Hoo hoo hoo ha ha ha!!]] This is so fun...''
'''Villager:''' ''So does that mean...''
'''Luca:''' '''''DIE, PIG!!!!!!!''''' *slashes villager to death* }}
* [[Complete Monster|Mad King Ashnard]], [[Social Darwinist]] villain of ''[[Fire Emblem]]: Path of Radiance''. In order to be crowned king, [[Moral Event Horizon|he orchestrated a plague that wiped out a large amount of his country's population]] to get rid of the many nobles who were ahead of him in the line of succession. Notable for attempting to start a worldwide conflict and release a dark god on the world [[For the Evulz|just because he felt like it]]. After touching an amulet that was established to drive most humans into a mindless killing rage, his personality remained unchanged, the implication being that he couldn't possibly become any worse than he already was. Interestingly enough, he wasn't considered to be a bad ruler by the common people of Daein, largely due to his policy of awarding high-level positions to anyone of sufficient skill.
* King Zephiel in FE6 is pretty far off the handle, too. After all, the most seriously disturbing facial expression in FE7 is Zephiel's mad gaze at the end of the epilogue...and this is a game whose [[Big Bad]] has a [[Mad Eye]] with a [[Good Scars, Evil Scars|nasty scar]] over it. Yeah, he's seriously wacked... and the saddest thing is that [[Used to Be
* ''[[Dwarf Fortress]]'': dwarf nobles have a tendency to sentence dwarves to "hammerings" (usually fatal, but not always) when their mandates are not met.
* A somewhat more humorous example of the trope is referenced in ''[[The Elder Scrolls]] IV: Oblivion'''s back story, detailed in the in-game book ''The Madness of Pelagius''. Pelagius was given an amulet that drained his sanity over the years. Early on, his weight would shift alarmingly from overweight to anorexic. He was known to have locked foreign princes and princesses in his room with him until their countries threatened to wage war, but his madness became much more noticeable when he stripped naked during a speech. This was ''before'' being crowned emperor. When an Argonian diplomat came to Tamriel, Pelagius insisted on speaking in what he believed to be its "natural language:" Grunts and squeaks. The book mentions him ordering his servants to clean the palace early in the morning; he is said to have defecated upon the floor to give them something to do, but this is described as "probably apocryphal." After he began to bite and attack visitors to the palace, he was moved to an asylum, his last act on Earth being to outlaw death. On his deathbed. This is a borderline example, since he didn't actually rule the empire.
** ''The Elder Scrolls'' also has Sheogorath, appropriately the god of madness. He features heavily in ''Oblivion'''s [[Expansion Pack]], where the player can visit his realm. Though not nearly as dangerous or unpredictable as other Caligulas, Sheogorath does have his eccentricities, including going into a rant about cheese while briefing his champion on a mission, making burning dogs fall from the sky, alternating randomly between happy and violently threatening, and {{spoiler|having a [[Split Personality]]: the expansion pack's Big Bad}}.
*** He is also implied to have several personalities and random, semi-frequent bouts of more specific neuroses, such as hypochondria. And anyone who grows facial hair is to be executed. Because only the Lord Sheogorath is allowed to grow a beard, obviously.
*** In ''[[The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim|Skyrim]]'', it's shown that Pelagius' mind is the vacation spot of Sheogorath. When the player stumbles upon it, Sheogorath actually [[Pet the Dog|tasks you with curing Pelagius' madness]] by [[Enemy Within|strengthening his self-confidence]], [[Your Worst Nightmare|ridding his night terrors]] and [[Evil Matriarch|conquering his fear of his mother]].
* In ''[[Clive
* King Bohan in ''[[Heavenly Sword]]'' is a particularly [[Large Ham|Hammy]] example.
* ''[[Viva Caligula]]'' from the Adult Swim web site is built around being a crazy tyrant and killing everyone you meet in creatively horrible ways.
* In the [[All There in the Manual|back story]] to the ''Homeworld'' series of RTS games, the [[The Empire|Taiidani Empire]] fell under the control of a particularly... 'unstable' ruler, who then proceeded to compound the problem by massacring all his rivals and decreeing that all future Emperors would be clones of him. The insane policies 'he' carries out during the course of the game lead to the empire [[La Résistance|being overthrown]] after the [[Back From the Brink|insanely efficient]] Hiigaran fleet kills 'him'.
* Garrosh Hellscream, possibly the most controversial leader of the Horde in the history of ''[[Warcraft]]''. While it is usually an unfair stereotype among the Alliance to label the Horde as uncivilized barbarians, Garrosh certainly doesn't help his case. [[0% Approval Rating|All of the Alliance and a good percentage of his fellow Horde leaders know he's gone off the deep end,]] and as a result, he is a [[General Failure| poor leader]] with the reputation of a hot-blooded lunatic. A Horde player has to act as something of a [[Dragon with an Agenda]] or a [[Noble Top Enforcer]] while working for him until the finale of ''Mists of Pandara'', when he uses an artifact that summons the Sha outside of Pandara, crossing the [[Moral Event Horizon]] and causing the entire Horde to turn on him in the Siege of Orgrimmar raid.
* ''[[Final Fantasy VI]]'': Kefka, of course! He was already stark raving nuts when he was serving as the Emperor's [[The Dragon|Dragon]]. But when he got hold of the power of the gods and bumped off the Emperor, [[Monster Clown|he]] [[Nietzsche Wannabe|got]] [[A God Am I|even]] ''[[Omnicidal Maniac|worse]].''
* Yggdrasil in ''[[Tales of Symphonia]]'' pretty much qualifies: Because {{spoiler|his sister was killed, he's striving for an age of lifeless beings, thus misinterpreting his sister's wish of a world freed of discrimination and tyrannizing the world. Even when his own sister - temporarily resurrected - tells him how wrong his plans are, he refuses to listen, thinking she's rejecting him, and simply goes [[Ax Crazy|crazy.]]}}
* Nearly ''the entire cast'' of ''[[Blood Storm]]'' is composed of megalomaniacal [[Complete Monster]]s, all of them fighting to become the High Emperor and thus be ''true'' Caligulas. Take your pick: the pyromaniac warlord, the ice-blooded king with a superiority complex, a [[Hive Mind]] that tortures people for fun, an Amazon hoping to eliminate the entire male gender, the radioactive mutant that intrudes on the contest, the vengeance-obsessed cyborg smuggler, or the spoiled princess{{spoiler|/assassin}}. The only ''good'' character enters the contest to get everyone to stop listening to the paranoid nuts and actually start fixing the planet.
* {{spoiler|Porky Minch}} from ''[[Mother 3]]''. He passes himself off as a great hero, despite corrupting the once vibrant world into an industrial wasteland, not to mention using anything and anyone he can get his hands on as his personal playthings. At the end, he reveals his plans to awaken the Dark Dragon and destroy what is left of civilization, all for a quick laugh.
* Zant from ''[[The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess]]'' plays this trope to a T. {{spoiler|After forcing Midna into exile, he proclaimed himself the new ruler of the Twili, only to be soundly rejected by them. Being the power hungry man that he is, he didn't take it well, and turned to Ganondorf in order to enslave his own people against their will.}}
* Vath from ''[[Adventure Quest Worlds]]''. He enslaved the dwarves, making them work without food, water, or even weapons. He's a lousy dictator, believing that their weakness and hunger was fine with him and not even caring if they starve to death as long as they forge enough Chaos Gemeralds for him to use to hatch the Rock Roc.
{{quote|'''Vath''': Dwarves are a hearty breed. That is why I allowed them to live as my slaves. If a few die then we are just pruning the weak branches from the strong tree.}}
* ''[[Octopath Traveler]]'' has Werner, the tyrannical lord of Riverhold and {{spoiler|the [[Final Boss]] of Olberic's route}}. He holds monthly public executions where four "criminals" are burnt alive at the stake, and thanks to just how flexible his definition of "criminal" is, you're all-too-likely to be sent to the pyre just for criticizing him or not paying the ridiculous fines his men impose out of nowhere. And no, children are not, in any way, exempt. Just ask the poor NPC desperately trying to stop Werner's men from arresting and killing his ''9 year old sister''.
== [[Visual Novels]] ==
* Gilgamesh in ''[[Fate/stay night]]''. [[It's All About Me|So]] [[Minor Injury Overreaction|damn]] [[A God Am I|bad]]. The [[Fate/Zero|prequel]] reveals that he's so batshit crazy irresponsible that he might as well be a [[Starfish Alien]] as far as Saber is concerned. At least with Rider (Alexander the Great), a self admittedly horrible tyrant, she could debate the policy a king should have as at least he thought a king should ''have'' one.
==
* King Steve from ''[[8-Bit Theater]]'' is a [[Dead Baby Comedy]] [[Cloudcuckoolander]]. One of the least dangerous things he has done was betting the office of King in a poker game. He lost the game to a piece of string..."whom" he then assassinated by cutting it in two with scissors when no one else was near.
** Very literally [[Dead Baby Comedy]] as that's what his shoes are made of. They tend to rot, however, so he has to get new ones "Fresh daily."
** One if his frequent "elections" simply gave the population the choice of either King Steve as supreme ruler, or to get a sword in the head. 52% of the survey population died.
** Another time, he set up a snow cone stand. This might sound mundane at first, but the Light Warriors noticed something strange about the aforementioned snow-cones, leading to this exchange:
{{quote|
'''King Steve''': It's no cone!
'''Thief''': It's a cube.
'''King Steve''': Oh, no. That's a common misconception. It's a stube.
'''Thief''': A what?
'''King Steve''': The seven-sided cube. I invented it.
'''Black Mage''': There are only six sides.
'''King Steve''': [[Insane Troll Logic|The seventh side is the inside.]] }}
** He also thinks that he invented inventing, started a war to force pacifism on the elves, and was once told he had news and enthusiastically asked "does it involve '''cupcakes'''?" and decided he didn't care when the answer was no, thinks he designed his castle to be four hundred years old, and apparently knew what a robot version of himself was saying even after the robot exploded. If he isn't a [[The Ditz|ditz]] then nobody is. Did we mention that he is unable to tell the difference between his daughter and his [[Beleaguered Assistant]] Left-Hand-Man Gary? (In case you were wondering, his right-hand-man is a coffee stain called Rodney.)
* Stephen in ''[[Terror Island]]'', who somehow managed to be elected Czar of Geography City, largely wields his power to sentence innocent people to indentured labor at Jame's restaurant and to attempt to force Sid to buy groceries. His successor Blueteen isn't much better, sending people to prison (including ''himself'') for attending parades. Not only that, but the parade was actually only supposed to be for stuntmen. Why? Because he had just solved the problem of Jame's stuntman no longer being bound by law to him for jaywalking by telling Jame to just hire him.
* The Baron in ''[http://www.spd-wk.com/characters Spiky-Haired Dragon, Worthless Knight]''{{Dead link}} is as much of a Caligula as he can be without pissing off higher-level nobles and fellow barons, which is still a lot, especially to the title character (the knight, not the dragon).
* [[Star Wars|Chancellor Valorum]] in ''[[Darths and Droids]]''. The annotation explains that they wanted to make him more interesting than in the movie version, who was bland and boring. Consequently, he becomes a maniac who praises the droid army for overthrowing their human oppressors, urges people to replace their bodies with cyborgs, and demands that all shall [[Superman (
** {{spoiler|And he turned out to be GENERAL GRIEVOUS. It makes so much sense.}}
* Kharla'ggen Vel'Vlozress of ''[[
* Richard from [[Looking for Group]] seems to be this with the town he is mayor of. However his citizens don't mind it since {{spoiler|they are already dead}}.
* Christian Weston Chandler plays this trope to the hilt as the Mayor of CWCville in ''[[Sonichu]]''. He enacts all sorts of bizarre laws that treat smoking as being as heinous as rape and murder, he brutally slaughters anyone who tries to stop him from doing whatever he wants, and his will is enforced by what is essentially a multicolored hedgehog Gestapo who according to [[Word of God]] enjoy full immunity from the law. His civic policy decisions are equally as insane-in ''[[Animated Adaptation|Sonichu: The Animated Series]]'', he ordered that the CWCville waterworks circulate orange soda pop instead of water, which leads to fires continually breaking out all over the city.
* Eridan Ampora (aka "caligulasAquarium") from ''[[Homestuck]]'' is a number of the royal sea-dwelling troll caste. His primary interests revolve around genocide of the land-dwellers and his many failed efforts at romance. He mostly embodies this trope in his blind self-absorption and poor decision making {{spoiler|until his [[Face Heel Turn]]}}.
** A better example of this trope, oddly enough, is the Grand Highblood, Gamzee's Ancestor, who brutally terrorizes the other, lower land-dwelling castes through capricious homicide and psychic nightmares in the name of his [[Monster Clown]] religion. However, this is characteristic of the Subjugglator caste as a whole and not a one-off thing.
* Implied in an ''[[Oglaf]]'' strip where two princes have been forced into arranged marriages by their father... with a pig and a withered corpse. One prince comments that there should be a rule that you should be forced to abdicate the throne when you start doing things like that.
== [[Web Original]] ==
* Celestia in ''[[Friendship Is Magic Bitch]]''
* The pharaoh comes off this way in ''[[Yu-Gi-Oh!: The
* A milder Caligula appears in v2 of ''[[Open Blue]]'', Count Marcus Veneto, who even made his horse his war advisor, in a [[Shout
* [[
* [[Atop the Fourth Wall
* King Harkinian in some of the ''[[Zelda CDI]]'' [[
** Went on a drunken roadtrip in his new Toyota Hybrid and trashing said car not 24 hours after getting it.
** Got high off of Reese's Pieces.
Line 235 ⟶ 229:
** Makes traitors engage in various, degrading acts in order to receive a pardon, only to laugh at them at the end.
** Freaked out at the possibility of getting killed while aiding Duke Onkled, sending Link to do the job instead.
** Shot Link in the gut when asked if he (Link) could play his (King) [[Nintendo Wii]].
** Responded to one of Link's practical jokes using bazookas (that shot out hamburgers), missiles and a [[Kill Sat]].
** Lost his shit when Gwonam said there was no dinner left, killing and maiming anyone within a 500 yard radius.
** [[The
== [[Western Animation]] ==
* Kuzco from ''[[The Emperor's New Groove]]'' is one example where The Caligula in question is the ''Main Character'', although he's spoiled, feckless and self-absorbed rather than outright insane. {{spoiler|He gets better.}}
** The film implies that his being in the trope at the start of the movie was due to Yzma's influence when he was growing up. On that note, Yzma plays the trope completely straight. After throwing him off the throne, she became all the things of a stereotypical Caligula, especially outright madness.
* Scar in ''[[The Lion King]]''.
* ''[[
* ''[[Avatar: The Last Airbender]]'': Already unstable following the [[Heel Face Turn
** It doesn't help that {{spoiler|[[Evil Overlord|Ozai]] made himself the [[A God Am I|Phoenix King]] when he crowned Azula, effectively making her position as Fire Lord meaningless. So while she would rule the Fire Nation, Ozai would rule ''the world.''}}
* The Almighty Tallest of ''[[Invader Zim]]'' have tendencies as such, being perfectly happy to put their subjects under such events as ''Probing Day'', where they make Invaders do ridiculous things to entertain them or else suffer a pummeling (pushing some buttons that lead to said Invaders getting beat up by their own technology). The entire principle of destroying a planet to build a parking garage or food court.
** They also tried to kill their best invader just for ''being short''. They order everyone to retreat from battle just because of their snacks being lost, and one time they punished someone by throwing them out of the Massive into space, but got the wrong person by accident, and just shrugged it off.
{{quote|
* Galvatron from ''[[Transformers Generation 1]].'' Spending the time between the movie and season three in a lava pit turned him from the Megatron-but-competent of the movie to... uh... [[Axe Crazy|the way we all remember him being]]. He blasted more of his own troops in his rages than Autobots in battle, and at one point, some other Decepticons told his right hand bot Cyclonus that if something didn't change, they were going to deal with ''both'' of them. Too bad no Decepticon civil war ever materialized. There was even one episode where Cyclonus decided to drag his boss to the Cybertron equivalent of a psychiatrist, and oddly enough, the treatment seemed to work - a little.
** Straxus from the comics is even worse. His Animated counterpart, however, is played for laughs on a fan-run [[Character Blog|formspring]] page.
* Lucius Heinous VII on ''[[Jimmy Two-Shoes]]'', who is primarily concerned with making sure everyone under his reign is Miserable. Special mention goes to one episode where he casually orders the destruction of one of [[Crapsack World|Miseryville's]] suns because he felt that three was too many.
* A tame example occurs in the ''[[My Little Pony:
{{quote|
** A ''less'' tame example is Discord, a [[God of Evil]] who ruled Equestria as an [[Evil Overlord]] long ago in a reign of chaos and suffering. He's what happens when a [[For the Evulz|sadistic]] [[Sociopath]] with [[Reality Warper]] abilities is in charge.
* The ''[[
== [[Real Life]] ==
* ''[[Cracked.com]]''
* As a general rule, it seems [[With Great Power Comes Great Insanity|the more power a ruler has]], the more likely they'll be to become
* Accounts of horrific corruption are told of just about every last emperor of each dynasty in China, which makes them suspect since the usurpers obviously want to paint the old guard in as bad a light as possible to justify killing what the common people saw as divine. Some of these accusations even entered the Chinese language as idiomatic expressions. Here are some highlights:
** The last emperor of Shang devised a punishment in which people had to walk across a bronze column over a blazing hot fire, threw dissidents into pits of live snakes, and once had one of his few honest ministers killed by cutting out his heart. He was egged on in all of this by his equally horrible concubine Da Ji, who had the son of another minister chopped to pieces and fed to his father because he wouldn't flirt with her. This minister, the Duke of the West, eventually rebelled. A very loose adaptation of the tale can be read in ''[[Fengshen Yanyi]]''.
** The First Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huangdi, and most of his worse excesses came about only after many years of self-inflicted, systemic mercury poisoning (long believed to be a key ingredient in alchemy for the Elixir of Life) though he was hardly nice before. The man was an all-powerful leader who was first to rule all of known China with an iron fist. Being a legalist, he imposed laws that meant [[All Crimes Are Equal]], burned books that didn't agree with his philosophy, and on at least one occasion buried some scholars alive for obliquely insulting him. He also used peasant labor for extravagant projects such as building his own tomb,
* New Testament example: King Herod the Great, ruler of Judea. Known in the Christian tradition for The Massacre of the Innocents, an [[Nice Job Breaking It, Herod|attempt on the life]] of the <s>newborn</s> toddler [[Jesus]] (although some historians regard that account as a piece of symbolic storytelling). Much of Herod's bad reputation
* General rule among historians of the Roman Empire: those who were Christians (like Lactatius and Eusebius) adored pissing on the Pagan Emperors who persecuted Christianity, describing them as huge Caligulas, especially Diocletian and Galerius. On the other hand, their Pagan counterparts (like Zosimus) did their best to bash Constantine. Then Christian hagiography took the first phenomenon and ran with it. And we're not even including the Senate-affiliated ones.
** [[Department of Redundancy Department|Again]], let's start with [[Trope Namer|Caligula]]. For example, he allegedly once burst out laughing while entertaining two consuls, and when asked why, told them that it had just occurred to him that he could have them both killed. The imperial guards finally snapped and killed not only him, but his entire ''family'' (including his two year old daughter) just in case it was [[In the Blood]]. The only survivor? His uncle Claudius, who became the next emperor (and managed to survive for quite a while by using [[Obfuscating Stupidity]]).
*** However, the reliability of the stories about Caligula is very much questionable. It's certain that he wanted to increase his authority, and this made him unpopular; so after his death, he was accused of pretty much every kind of evil act imaginable. He was probably a bad ruler, but not ''as'' evil and crazy as commonly portrayed.
*** Not to mention, it's speculated that he could have been brain damaged after a severe illness. Before that, he was more or less fine; after recovering, he started acting like we know.
** Emperor Nero, the nephew of Caligula, wasn't exactly a bastion of sanity, either. Keep in mind that this is the guy who loved the theater so much that he actually forced people to watch his performances, and locked them in the auditoriums so they couldn't leave.
*** Nero also ''brutally'' persecuted many groups including Christians, and he would have the men, women, and even the children thrown to the lions for his own amusement. He also [[A God Am I|worshiped himself]], believing himself to be the greatest artist that ever lived.
*** Though considering everyone who wrote about the guy (except his friend Senectus, who praised him) personally knew and hated him, kinda makes it hard to tell if anything they said about Nero was true. Though he probably was a great lover of the arts.
** And Domitian. He would sit alone in a room and stab flies with a pen, among other...eccentricities. Again, [[Unreliable Narrator|if you believe what ancient historians wrote about him]]. Which, given his relationship with the senatorial class, the most likely audience and source or authors in those days, was unflattering. Not helped by his [[Conspiracy Theorist]] fame, at least partially confirmed by his prosecutions of many different groups in the Empire. Christians were just ''one'' of the people he ordered to arrest, imprison and execute.
** Commodus: His reign was so terrible that historians believe he [[Nice Job Breaking It, Hero|single-handedly ended the]] ''[[Golden Age|Pax Romana]]''. Although he was not so much evil as he was power-mad and blissfully ignorant of his responsibilities as Emperor. He believed himself to be the reincarnation of [[Classical Mythology/Characters|Hercules]] and personally fought in gladiatorial games - which were always [[Curb Stomp Battle|fixed for him to win, of course.]] He also successfully
* Again, many of the above are senatorial-made fake-portraits of him, for sure that of the fixed matches in the arena.
** Then there's [
* Mansa Khalifa of Mali is best remembered for insanely firing arrows at random people from his palace rooftop.
* Both Charles VI of France and his grandson Henry VI of England were quite mad for some time. It was an episodic thing, but still difficult to deal with. Most famously, Charles believed himself to be made of glass at times, while Henry completely lost the ability to know what was going on. They didn't quite play the trope straight, though, since relatives and powerful noblemen stepped in to take the reins of government. Which led to the whole Wars of the Roses thing in England. And Charles's feeble condition did France no good in the more or less on-going Hundred Years War.
* Though certainly not the ruler for whom this trope was named, Ivan
* [
* Vladislav Basarab III of Walachia, better known as [[Dracula]], was alleged to have committed many shocking crimes, such as impaling his enemies and forcing women to eat their roasted children. However, the most notorious crimes were attributed to him by his enemies, who had every reason to want his memory slandered. It does sound like he was somewhat unhinged, probably due to an abusive childhood as a hostage to the Turkish sultan, and he had [[Knight Templar|a twisted sense of justice]]. After a guard caught a thief inside his home, Vlad had the guard
** It's because of this desire to protect his people from the Turks that Romanian writers and poets to this day consider him a national hero who was "harsh yet fair", and that he kept his country safe from invaders and purged Wallachia of internal corruption from its nobility class.
* It would be easier to list the monarchs of Spain who ''weren't'' insane (between the early 16th Century and the elimination of the monarchy in the 1930s). That's what you get when you mix Hapsburg and Bourbon blood and start in-breeding it to ridiculous levels (there were at least two occasions when a king of Spain married his own niece and had children by her). You want a good reason why Spain ceased to be a world power? This is it.
* Sweden's own Caligula was [
* Elizabeth Báthory, a Hungarian noblewoman whose activities earned her the title "Countess Dracula," reportedly murdered hundreds of young peasant women. While fanciful accounts pin the reasons for her doing so on her wanting to [[Blood Bath|bathe in their blood and remain young]], the truth may be that she just did it out of sheer cruelty. Thus, she earns a place as one of the rare female Caligulas. Unlike most people on this list though she was not in a direct position of power, she was the wife and later mother of a minor count, however through her linage and relatives she was able to escape prosecution for several years, until the peasants she preyed on got wise to her and she moved on to the daughters of other nobility. Strangely recently some people have been attempting to give her a [[Historical Hero Upgrade]] claiming that she was attacked because she was a woman in power and they wanted her land and money despite the fact she technically did not have any power or land.
* Alexandru Lăpușneanu, prince of Moldavia, was overthrown at one point. He then returned several years later, intending to exact revenge on the noblemen who betrayed him. He did so by inviting them all to dinner, killing all 49 of them, and making a pyramid out of their severed heads. He's present in the old chronicles of Moldavia, but the main source Romanians have for his life is the highly-fictionalised and exaggerated account from the novel with the same name by Costache Negruzzi, so it's really hard to tell which bits were true and which were just exaggerated by Negruzzi. And in the novel, he does that in order to "rid" his wife of her "fears" (read: terrify her into not objecting to his authoritarian rule any further).
* Zhang Xianzhong played this trope with frightening efficiency. After conquering China's Sichuan region, he ordered the execution of anyone who opposed his rule - which happened to include ''everyone'', regardless of whether they were genuinely on his side or not. The man was literally more concerned with watching people die than tending to his country, even going so far as to demand his own soldiers to kill each other and setting up a literal [[Final Fantasy VI|"monument to nonexistence"]] as the Manchu Dynasty was closing in on him. By the time he was killed, over 99% of the population of Sichuan was wiped off the map.
* The flamboyantly mad Sultans of the Ottoman Empire, particularly in the 17th century, fit this very well. Coincidentally, the Ottomans' old enemy Spain was having similar problems with her monarchs at around the same time. This was owed not to royal inbreeding but partly due to the atrocious conditions in which Ottoman princes were raised.
* Christian VII of Denmark, who was about as close as you could get to Caligula in the 18th Century. He started showing signs of insanity when he was ten, turned out to be schizophrenic and had very little self control. He was an alcoholic before he hit puberty, regarded a fun time as going through the streets of Copenhagen with his buddies beating up passers-by, then retiring to a nearby brothel for a nice, quiet orgy. It was said that the only person he wouldn't have sex with was his wife (although they did manage to have a son). He did manage to find a doctor who could help him, a German named Johann Struensee, and unlike most on this list actually understood something was wrong and tried to fix it. He ended up making Struensee Prime Minister, after his wife started sleeping with Struensee (something Christian didn't mind because that meant that he could sleep with whoever he wanted to, although he did end up claiming the couple's daughter as his). He ended up falling under the influence of his [[Wicked Stepmother]], who had Struensee executed and the queen exiled. He spent the rest of his life certifiably insane and like a male [[The Ophelia|Ophelia]] and was only trotted out in public for ceremonial occasions and purposely left out of government, despite the fact that Denmark was still an absolute monarchy at the time.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130726220008/http://madmonarchs.guusbeltman.nl/madmonarchs/sado/sado_bio.htm Crown Prince Sado of Korea], the crown heir of [[Exactly What It Says
** However, as that link states, he may have been framed and deposed of as a rival, with stories of his cruelty being exaggerated (or even made up) so that they would feel more "justified" by executing him.
* Shaka Zulu. You know you're crazy when you have hundreds of wives and kill any child they give birth to.
* [[Joseph Stalin]], brutal sociopath and paranoiac who amassed more power than any of the Tsars who had ruled Russia before him and used it to cause the deaths of 20-odd million Soviet citizens (conservative estimate) and generally set the bar for twentieth century tyrants, and whose sheer death toll alone would put him on this list even if nothing else would. A massive
{{quote|
** Of course, anyone who ''didn't'' laugh probably found themselves getting a bullet in the back of the head before too long, so that's not exactly definitive evidence. There is also the story about how he disciplined his son Vasily Stalin. After Vasily's school teachers complained that he was an arrogant and disobedient prankster, Stalin, while taking off his belt to give his son a whipping, told him "So you think you're Stalin, eh? Well, you're not Stalin! Even ''I'' am not Stalin! Stalin's way up there [points to the sky]!". Let's end with some old Soviet jokes about Stalin...
{{quote|
- - -
One day, Stalin arrives at his office ready to work (probably mid-afternoon, and maybe still hung-over). He checks the drawers for his favourite pen, but can't find it. He calls Beria in.
'''Stalin''': Comrade Beria, someone has stolen my pen! I will not stand for this! Find them and punish them!
Beria leaves, and Stalin finds another pen and gets to work signing death warrants or some such. Much later, as he is preparing to leave, he finds his pen on the shelf behind him. A little embarrassed, he calls Beria back in and asks him how the investigation is going.
'''Beria''': Good news, comrade Stalin! Three men have confessed to stealing your pen, and they have all been executed. All of them acted independently! }}
** Stalin's
* Compared to some of those he shares this list with, [[Adolf Hitler]] was almost mundane; he was known to shun and disdain the more grandiose affectations that many tyrants took upon themselves. Yet he belongs here too; even if not initially (and there are certain persistent rumours about his private life and sexual predilections that make this questionable), then certainly by 1945. Even leaving aside the fact that the Holocaust alone could never have been ordered by an entirely sane man, by the end of the war he so self-identified with Germany and the German people that one of his final orders before his death demanded the complete annihilation of Germany's entire industrial, agrarian and urban capabilities, because he genuinely believed that Germany could not survive his passing and that the German people deserved to be punished for failing to meet his standards. Fortunately for Germany, saner heads prevailed and the orders were ignored. Unfortunately for Germany, it was half occupied by the Soviets...see above.
* [
* Indonesia had the peculiar fortune of being led by two of these back to back during its first five decades of independence.
** The first, Sukarno, more than provided the eccentricity of the Caligula: While he was charismatic and, by all accounts, tremendously brave, he was also vain, autocratic, and calamitously inept at affairs of governance, ushering in triple-digit inflation and nearly leading the nation into famine (while erecting monuments to himself all over Jakarta and starting a war with Malaysia) by the time he was deposed...
** ... by Suharto, who supplied the Caligula's brutality. Originally a mid-level army officer, he used the instability of Sukarno's last years to consolidate more and more power, culminating in a nation-wide anti-communist purge in 1965 that killed at least half a million people. It's true that, after he finally took the last of Sukarno's powers, he helped pull the economy out of its rut, but he only used this new prosperity as a chance to rob the nation to the tune of $30 billion or so.
* [
* When [
* Uganda's [
* [[
* [[
* Turkemistan's [
* Saddam Hussein was a megalomaniac. Uday, his son, was ''worse''. ''House Of Saddam'', a 2008 [[Miniseries]], actually [[Reality Is Unrealistic| had to tone him ''down'']]. Among other things, Uday had oversight over Iraq's [[Olympic Games]] commitee. As part of his self-appointed duties in that office, he had Iraqi athletes ''tortured'' if they peformed too poorly. Saddam's other son Qusay was maybe a bit more sanish than Uday, but he was infamous for killing political prisoners to make room for more prisoners.
* [[Robert Mugabe]] of [[
* "Dear Leader" Kim Jong Il of the [[People's Republic of Tyranny|Democratic People's Republic of Korea]] AKA North Korea. His father, Kim Il-Sung, was known as "Great Leader", and started the whole personality cult thing in N. Korea. He is remembered today as the "Eternal President" of North Korea, outranking his son even in death. No less crazy, certainly (but then, he ''did'' start the Korean War).
* Libyan leader [
* [
* Persian warlord Nadir Shah in the Eighteenth Century became this in his old age. He was always ruthless and sadistic in any case. But when he became [[Properly Paranoid|understandably]] concerned about conspiracy, he became just plain batty.
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