The Forties: Difference between revisions

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[[The Stormy Forties]] was a memorably turbulent era, forever linked in the public consciousness with [[World War II]] (1937/1939-1945), the development of the first atomic weapons and subsequent attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. This also marked the start of the [[Cold War]] and the [[Arab Israeli Conflict]]. But this era also brought many other changes on the world's political map. The Soviet Union annexed [[Useful Notes/Estonia|Estonia]], [[Useful Notes/Latvia|Latvia]], and [[Useful Notes/Lithuania|Lithuania]], while [[Useful Notes/That South East Asian Country|Burma]], [[Useful Notes/Iceland|Iceland]], [[Useful Notes/India|India]], [[Useful Notes/Indonesia|Indonesia]], [[Useful Notes/Israel|Israel]], [[Useful Notes/Lebanon|Lebanon]], [[Useful Notes/Pakistan|Pakistan]], [[Useful Notes/Syria|Syria]], and [[The Philippines]] gained independence from various European and American colonial empires. New regimes also emerged in existing countries; [[Republican Italy]], [[West Germany]], [[Red China]], and [[East Germany]] all emerged in the second half of the decade.
[[The Stormy Forties]] was a memorably turbulent era, forever linked in the public consciousness with [[World War II]] (1937/1939-1945), the development of the first atomic weapons and subsequent attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. This also marked the start of the [[Cold War]] and the [[Arab-Israeli Conflict]]. But this era also brought many other changes on the world's political map. The Soviet Union annexed [[Useful Notes/Estonia|Estonia]], [[Useful Notes/Latvia|Latvia]], and [[Useful Notes/Lithuania|Lithuania]], while [[Useful Notes/That South East Asian Country|Burma]], [[Useful Notes/Iceland|Iceland]], [[Useful Notes/India|India]], [[Useful Notes/Indonesia|Indonesia]], [[Useful Notes/Israel|Israel]], [[Useful Notes/Lebanon|Lebanon]], [[Useful Notes/Pakistan|Pakistan]], [[Useful Notes/Syria|Syria]], and [[The Philippines]] gained independence from various European and American colonial empires. New regimes also emerged in existing countries; [[Republican Italy]], [[West Germany]], [[Red China]], and [[East Germany]] all emerged in the second half of the decade.


The technological innovations of the decade included the first actual computers - notably Z3 by Konrad Zuse (1941, German), the Atanasoff–Berry Computer (1942, American), the Colossus Mark 1 and Mark 2 computers (1943 and 1944, British), the Harvard Mark I (1944, American), Z4 by Konrad Zuse (1944, German), ENIAC (1946, American), the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine (nicknamed "Baby") (1948, British), the EDSAC (1949, British), the Manchester Mark 1 (1949, British), and the CSIRAC (1949, Australia).
The technological innovations of the decade included the first actual computers - notably Z3 by Konrad Zuse (1941, German), the Atanasoff–Berry Computer (1942, American), the Colossus Mark 1 and Mark 2 computers (1943 and 1944, British), the Harvard Mark I (1944, American), Z4 by Konrad Zuse (1944, German), ENIAC (1946, American), the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine (nicknamed "Baby") (1948, British), the EDSAC (1949, British), the Manchester Mark 1 (1949, British), and the CSIRAC (1949, Australia).
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The hit toy of the era was the Slinky, a helical spring which stretched and bounced up and down. Developed by engineer Richard Thompson James, it became commercially available in 1945. Tupperware, an airtight plastic container for storing food, was created by the eponymous Earl Tupper in 1946. The first commercial microwave oven was introduced by Raytheon in 1947, based on the experiments of inventor Percy Spencer. Velcro was invented by George de Mestral in 1948, though it would not become commercially available until the late 1950s.
The hit toy of the era was the Slinky, a helical spring which stretched and bounced up and down. Developed by engineer Richard Thompson James, it became commercially available in 1945. Tupperware, an airtight plastic container for storing food, was created by the eponymous Earl Tupper in 1946. The first commercial microwave oven was introduced by Raytheon in 1947, based on the experiments of inventor Percy Spencer. Velcro was invented by George de Mestral in 1948, though it would not become commercially available until the late 1950s.


The cinemas of several countries managed to produce influential films. The [[Golden Age of Hollywood]] was still ongoing, and hit films such as ''[[The Maltese Falcon (Film)|The Maltese Falcon]]'' and ''[[Casablanca]]'' were arguably among its best products. The [[Film Noir]] genre rose to particular prominence. British cinema had some major hits in the adaptation of Shakespearean works by [[Laurence Olivier]] and the exemplary noir ''[[The Third Man]]''. In France, influential directors such as Marcel Carné, Robert Bresson, and René Clément scored major hits in the aftermath of the War. Italian neorealism was developed in this decade, with major directors in the genre including Roberto Rossellini, Vittorio De Sica, and Giuseppe De Santis. In the Soviet Union, ''[[Ivan the Terrible]]'' by [[Sergei Eisenstein]] was arguably the most notable film of its decade. Meanwhile, a new generation of directors managed to produce their own hits. In Japan, new director [[Akira Kurosawa]] began his career.
The cinemas of several countries managed to produce influential films. The [[Golden Age of Hollywood]] was still ongoing, and hit films such as ''[[The Maltese Falcon]]'' and ''[[Casablanca]]'' were arguably among its best products. The [[Film Noir]] genre rose to particular prominence. British cinema had some major hits in the adaptation of Shakespearean works by [[Laurence Olivier]] and the exemplary noir ''[[The Third Man]]''. In France, influential directors such as Marcel Carné, Robert Bresson, and René Clément scored major hits in the aftermath of the War. Italian neorealism was developed in this decade, with major directors in the genre including Roberto Rossellini, Vittorio De Sica, and Giuseppe De Santis. In the Soviet Union, ''[[Ivan the Terrible]]'' by [[Sergei Eisenstein]] was arguably the most notable film of its decade. Meanwhile, a new generation of directors managed to produce their own hits. In Japan, new director [[Akira Kurosawa]] began his career.


As for fashion, styles for dresses, suits (especially [[Badass in A Nice Suit|zoot suits]]) and sportswear were a continuation of 1930s silhouettes, like shoulder pads and backless evening wear, only more robust, mannish and simplistic. Hairstyles for women were often long, permed, rolled-up and pompadoured, in which they often [[Show the Forehead|showed their foreheads]]. Fedoras and Latin American influenced hats were popular headwear, while high-heeled wedgies, mary-janes, close-footed oxfords, peep-toe pumps or platforms were popular choices for footwear. Gloves were a must. The decade also introduced a new fabric - nylon - used in hosiery, toothbrush bristles, ropes, and parachutes. During the war, due to fabric rationing and the closing of fashion houses in Paris, many day dresses were strictly knee-length and plainly decorated, nylon stockings suffered shortages due to the need for parachutes, and sportswear was often substituted for casual wear. Many more had innovated themselves in order to be more stylish, even while working on factories. For instance, women applied makeup on their legs in place of wearing stockings. After the war, restrictions were still implemented but were gradually relaxed, until in 1947, a Parisian designer named Christian Dior and created a new set of style which included long full skirts, rounded busts and narrow shoulders. Journalists had dubbed it the "New Look" and the innovative style lingered on until the end of [[The Fifties]].
As for fashion, styles for dresses, suits (especially [[Badass in a Nice Suit|zoot suits]]) and sportswear were a continuation of 1930s silhouettes, like shoulder pads and backless evening wear, only more robust, mannish and simplistic. Hairstyles for women were often long, permed, rolled-up and pompadoured, in which they often [[Show the Forehead|showed their foreheads]]. Fedoras and Latin American influenced hats were popular headwear, while high-heeled wedgies, mary-janes, close-footed oxfords, peep-toe pumps or platforms were popular choices for footwear. Gloves were a must. The decade also introduced a new fabric - nylon - used in hosiery, toothbrush bristles, ropes, and parachutes. During the war, due to fabric rationing and the closing of fashion houses in Paris, many day dresses were strictly knee-length and plainly decorated, nylon stockings suffered shortages due to the need for parachutes, and sportswear was often substituted for casual wear. Many more had innovated themselves in order to be more stylish, even while working on factories. For instance, women applied makeup on their legs in place of wearing stockings. After the war, restrictions were still implemented but were gradually relaxed, until in 1947, a Parisian designer named Christian Dior and created a new set of style which included long full skirts, rounded busts and narrow shoulders. Journalists had dubbed it the "New Look" and the innovative style lingered on until the end of [[The Fifties]].


For music, jazz was the main ingredient to swing (the rage of the dancefloor), bebop (the slow, mellow, sexy tune), and Latin dances like mambo, salsa and conga brought by soldiers. And then, before [[The Fifties]] popularized teen sensations, [[Frank Sinatra]] was the teen sensation.
For music, jazz was the main ingredient to swing (the rage of the dancefloor), bebop (the slow, mellow, sexy tune), and Latin dances like mambo, salsa and conga brought by soldiers. And then, before [[The Fifties]] popularized teen sensations, [[Frank Sinatra]] was the teen sensation.
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* Momotarō no Umiwashi (Momotarō's Sea Eagles). A Japanese propaganda film, released in 1943.
* Momotarō no Umiwashi (Momotarō's Sea Eagles). A Japanese propaganda film, released in 1943.
* Momotarō: Umi no Shinpei (Momotaro's Divine Sea Warriors). 1945 sequel to the above. The first Japanese feature-length animated film.
* Momotarō: Umi no Shinpei (Momotaro's Divine Sea Warriors). 1945 sequel to the above. The first Japanese feature-length animated film.
* [[Sazae San (Manga)|Sazae San]]. Comic strip. Started in April, 1946.
* [[Sazae-san|Sazae San]]. Comic strip. Started in April, 1946.




== Comics ==
== Comics ==
* [[The Golden Age of Comic Books]] was still ongoing.
* [[The Golden Age of Comic Books]] was still ongoing.
* [[Tintin (Comic Book)]]. Series started in 1929.
* [[Tintin]]. Series started in 1929.
** [[Tintin (Comic Book)/Recap/The Crab With the Golden Claws|The Crab With the Golden Claws]] (1941).
** [[Tintin/Recap/The Crab With the Golden Claws|The Crab With the Golden Claws]] (1941).
** [[Tintin (Comic Book)/Recap/The Shooting Star|The Shooting Star]] (1942).
** [[Tintin/Recap/The Shooting Star|The Shooting Star]] (1942).
** [[Tintin (Comic Book)/Recap/The Secret of the Unicorn|The Secret of the Unicorn]] (1943).
** [[Tintin/Recap/The Secret of the Unicorn|The Secret of the Unicorn]] (1943).
** [[Tintin (Comic Book)/Recap/Red Rackham's Treasure|Red Rackham's Treasure]] (1944).
** [[Tintin/Recap/Red Rackham's Treasure|Red Rackham's Treasure]] (1944).
** [[Tintin (Comic Book)/Recap/The Seven Crystal Balls|The Seven Crystal Balls]] (1948).
** [[Tintin/Recap/The Seven Crystal Balls|The Seven Crystal Balls]] (1948).
** [[Tintin (Comic Book)/Recap/Prisoners of the Sun|Prisoners of the Sun]] (1949).
** [[Tintin/Recap/Prisoners of the Sun|Prisoners of the Sun]] (1949).
* [[The Flash]]/Jason "Jay" Garrick. First appeared in January, 1940.
* [[The Flash]]/Jason "Jay" Garrick. First appeared in January, 1940.
* [[Hawkman]]
* [[Hawkman]]
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** Hawkwoman/Hawkgirl/Shiera Sanders. First appeared in January, 1940.
** Hawkwoman/Hawkgirl/Shiera Sanders. First appeared in January, 1940.
* [[Shazam|Captain Marvel/Billy Batson]]. First appeared in February, 1940.
* [[Shazam|Captain Marvel/Billy Batson]]. First appeared in February, 1940.
* [[The Spectre (Comic Book)|The Spectre]]. First appeared in February, 1940.
* [[The Spectre]]. First appeared in February, 1940.
* [[Catwoman (Comic Book)|Catwoman]]. First appeared in Spring, 1940.
* [[Catwoman (Comic Book)|Catwoman]]. First appeared in Spring, 1940.
* [[The Joker]]. First appeared in Spring, 1940.
* [[The Joker]]. First appeared in Spring, 1940.
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* [[Doctor Fate]]. First appeared in May, 1940.
* [[Doctor Fate]]. First appeared in May, 1940.
* [[The Spirit]]. First appeared in June, 1940.
* [[The Spirit]]. First appeared in June, 1940.
* [[Green Lantern (Comic Book)|Green Lantern]]/Alan Scott. First appeared in July, 1940.
* [[Green Lantern]]/Alan Scott. First appeared in July, 1940.
* [[The Atom]]. First appeared in October, 1940.
* [[The Atom]]. First appeared in October, 1940.
* [[Disney Ducks Comic Universe]]. Some of them were introduced in comic strips by Osborne and Taliaferro. Others in comic books by [[Carl Barks]].
* [[Disney Ducks Comic Universe]]. Some of them were introduced in comic strips by Osborne and Taliaferro. Others in comic books by [[Carl Barks]].
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* [[Bucky Barnes]]. First appeared in March, 1941.
* [[Bucky Barnes]]. First appeared in March, 1941.
* [[Captain America]]. First appeared in March, 1941.
* [[Captain America]]. First appeared in March, 1941.
* [[Tom Poes (Comic Book)|Tom Poes]]. First appeared on March 16, 1941.
* [[Tom Poes]]. First appeared on March 16, 1941.
* [[Red Skull]]
* [[Red Skull]]
** Red Skull/George Maxon. First appeared in March, 1941.
** Red Skull/George Maxon. First appeared in March, 1941.
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* [[Blackhawk]]. First appeared in August, 1941.
* [[Blackhawk]]. First appeared in August, 1941.
* [[Plastic Man]]. First appeared in August, 1941.
* [[Plastic Man]]. First appeared in August, 1941.
* [[Looney Tunes (Comic Book)|Looney Tunes]]. First adapted to the medium in October, 1941.
* [[Looney Tunes (comics)|Looney Tunes]]. First adapted to the medium in October, 1941.
* [[Aquaman (Comic Book)|Aquaman]]. First appeared in November, 1941.
* [[Aquaman (Comic Book)|Aquaman]]. First appeared in November, 1941.
* [[Green Arrow]]. First appeared in November, 1941.
* [[Green Arrow]]. First appeared in November, 1941.
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** Fantasio first appeared in September, 1943. He was elevated to co-protagonist in October, 1944.
** Fantasio first appeared in September, 1943. He was elevated to co-protagonist in October, 1944.
* [[Vandal Savage]]. First appeared in Winter, 1943.
* [[Vandal Savage]]. First appeared in Winter, 1943.
* [[EC Comics]], a publisher of many groundbreaking comics such as ''Tales From The Crypt'' and ''[[Mad (Magazine)|Mad]]'', debuted in 1944.
* [[EC Comics]], a publisher of many groundbreaking comics such as ''Tales From The Crypt'' and ''[[Mad]]'', debuted in 1944.
* [[Superboy]]. First appeared in January-February, 1945.
* [[Superboy]]. First appeared in January-February, 1945.
* [[Suske En Wiske (Comic Book)|Suske En Wiske]].
* [[Suske en Wiske]].
** Wiske first appeared in March, 1945.
** Wiske first appeared in March, 1945.
** Suske first appeared in December, 1945.
** Suske first appeared in December, 1945.
* [[Katy Keene (Comic Book)|Katy Keene]]. First appeared in Summer, 1945.
* [[Katy Keene]]. First appeared in Summer, 1945.
* [[Black Adam]]. First appeared in December, 1945.
* [[Black Adam]]. First appeared in December, 1945.
* [[Millie the Model]]. First appeared in Winter, 1945.
* [[Millie the Model]]. First appeared in Winter, 1945.
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** Ellsworth Bheezer. First appeared in October, 1949.
** Ellsworth Bheezer. First appeared in October, 1949.
* [[Nero]]. First appeared in October, 1947.
* [[Nero]]. First appeared in October, 1947.
* [[Alix (Comic Book)|Alix]]. First appeared in September, 1948.
* [[Alix]]. First appeared in September, 1948.




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== Film ==
== Film ==
See also [[Films of the 1940s]]
See also [[Films of the 1940s]]
* [[The Blue Bird (Theatre)|The Blue Bird]] (1940)
* [[The Blue Bird]] (1940)
* [[The Grapes of Wrath (Literature)|The Grapes of Wrath]] (1940)
* [[The Grapes of Wrath]] (1940)
* [[The Great Dictator]] (1940)
* [[The Great Dictator]] (1940)
* [[Hired]] (1940)
* [[Hired]] (1940)
* [[His Girl Friday]] (1940)
* [[His Girl Friday]] (1940)
* [[The Mummys Hand (Film)|The Mummys Hand]] (1940)
* [[The Mummy's Hand|The Mummys Hand]] (1940)
* [[The Philadelphia Story]] (1940)
* [[The Philadelphia Story]] (1940)
* [[Rebecca (Literature)|Rebecca]] (1940)
* [[Rebecca]] (1940)
* [[Road To]] film series (1940-1947)
* [[Road To]] film series (1940-1947)
* [[The Sea Hawk (Film)|The Sea Hawk]] (1940)
* [[The Sea Hawk]] (1940)
* [[The Shop Around the Corner]] (1940)
* [[The Shop Around the Corner]] (1940)
* [[The Thief of Bagdad (Film)|The Thief of Bagdad]] (1940)
* [[The Thief of Bagdad]] (1940)
* [[You Nazty Spy]] (1940)
* [[You Nazty Spy]] (1940)
* [[Ball of Fire]] (1941)
* [[Ball of Fire]] (1941)
* [[Citizen Kane (Film)|Citizen Kane]] (1941)
* [[Citizen Kane]] (1941)
* [[The Devil and Daniel Webster]] (1941)
* [[The Devil and Daniel Webster]] (1941)
* [[High Sierra]] (1941)
* [[High Sierra]] (1941)
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* [[Ill Wait for You]] (1941)
* [[Ill Wait for You]] (1941)
* [[The Lady Eve]] (1941)
* [[The Lady Eve]] (1941)
* [[The Maltese Falcon (Film)|The Maltese Falcon]] (1941)
* [[The Maltese Falcon]] (1941)
* [[Meet John Doe (Film)|Meet John Doe]] (1941)
* [[Meet John Doe]] (1941)
* [[Pimpernel Smith]] (1941)
* [[Pimpernel Smith]] (1941)
* [[The Wolf Man (Film)|The Wolf Man]] (1941)
* [[The Wolf Man]] (1941)
* [[Casablanca]] (1942)
* [[Casablanca]] (1942)
* [[Cat People (Film)|Cat People]] (1942)
* [[Cat People (film)|Cat People]] (1942)
* [[The Ghost of Frankenstein (Film)|The Ghost of Frankenstein]] (1942)
* [[The Ghost of Frankenstein]] (1942)
* [[Mrs. Miniver]] (1942)
* [[Mrs. Miniver]] (1942)
* [[Now Voyager]] (1942)
* [[Now Voyager]] (1942)
* [[The Palm Beach Story]] (1942)
* [[The Palm Beach Story]] (1942)
* [[To Be or Not To Be]] (1942)
* [[To Be or Not to Be]] (1942)
* [[The Batman (Film)|The Batman]] (1943)
* [[The Batman (film)|The Batman]] (1943)
* [[Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man (Film)|Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man]] (1943)
* [[Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man]] (1943)
* [[Heaven Can Wait]] (1943)
* [[Heaven Can Wait]] (1943)
* [[Jane Eyre (Film)|Jane Eyre]] (1943)
* [[Jane Eyre (film)|Jane Eyre]] (1943)
* [[The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp]] (1943)
* [[The Life and Death of Colonel Blimp]] (1943)
* [[Shadow of a Doubt]] (1943)
* [[Shadow of a Doubt]] (1943)
* [[Son of Dracula (Film)|Son of Dracula]] (1943)
* [[Son of Dracula]] (1943)
* [[Arsenic and Old Lace]] (1944)
* [[Arsenic and Old Lace]] (1944)
* [[Cobra Woman]] (1944)
* [[Cobra Woman]] (1944)
* [[Double Indemnity]] (1944)
* [[Double Indemnity]] (1944)
* [[Gaslight]] (1944)
* [[Gaslight]] (1944)
* [[House of Frankenstein (Film)|House of Frankenstein]] (1944)
* [[House of Frankenstein (film)|House of Frankenstein]] (1944)
* [[I Accuse My Parents]] (1944)
* [[I Accuse My Parents]] (1944)
* [[Ivan the Terrible]] (1944)
* [[Ivan the Terrible]] (1944)
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* [[Meet Me in St Louis]] (1944)
* [[Meet Me in St Louis]] (1944)
* [[Mr. Skeffington]] (1944)
* [[Mr. Skeffington]] (1944)
* [[Murder My Sweet (Film)|Murder My Sweet]] (1944)
* [[Murder My Sweet]] (1944)
* [[National Velvet]] (1944)
* [[National Velvet]] (1944)
* [[Since You Went Away (Film)|Since You Went Away]] (1944)
* [[Since You Went Away]] (1944)
* [[Dead of Night (Film)|Dead of Night]] (1945)
* [[Dead of Night]] (1945)
* [[House of Dracula (Film)|House of Dracula]] (1945)
* [[House of Dracula]] (1945)
* [[The Lost Weekend]] (1945)
* [[The Lost Weekend]] (1945)
* [[Mildred Pierce]] (1945)
* [[Mildred Pierce]] (1945)
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* [[State Fair]] (1945)
* [[State Fair]] (1945)
* [[The Best Years of Our Lives]] (1946)
* [[The Best Years of Our Lives]] (1946)
* [[The Big Sleep (Film)|The Big Sleep]] (1946)
* [[The Big Sleep (film)|The Big Sleep]] (1946)
* [[The Blue Dahlia]] (1946)
* [[The Blue Dahlia]] (1946)
* [[The Brute Man (Film)|The Brute Man]] (1946)
* [[The Brute Man (Film)|The Brute Man]] (1946)
* [[Gilda]] (1946)
* [[Gilda]] (1946)
* [[It's a Wonderful Life (Film)|Its a Wonderful Life]] (1946)
* [[It's a Wonderful Life|Its a Wonderful Life]] (1946)
* [[A Matter of Life and Death]] (1946)
* [[A Matter of Life and Death]] (1946)
* [[Notorious]] (1946)
* [[Notorious]] (1946)
* [[The Postman Always Rings Twice 1946 (Film)|The Postman Always Rings Twice 1946]]
* [[The Postman Always Rings Twice (1946 film)|The Postman Always Rings Twice 1946]]
* [[She Wolf of London (Film)|She Wolf of London]] (1946)
* [[She Wolf of London (film)|She Wolf of London]] (1946)
* [[Song of the South]] (1946)
* [[Song of the South]] (1946)
* [[Swing Parade of 1946]] (1946)
* [[Swing Parade of 1946]] (1946)
* [[The Ghost and Mrs. Muir]] (1947)
* [[The Ghost and Mrs. Muir]] (1947)
* [[Miracle On 34th Street (Film)|Miracle On Thirty Fourth Street]] (1947)
* [[Miracle on 34th Street|Miracle On Thirty Fourth Street]] (1947)
* [[Monsieur Verdoux]] (1947)
* [[Monsieur Verdoux]] (1947)
* [[Nightmare Alley (Film)|Nightmare Alley]] (1947)
* [[Nightmare Alley]] (1947)
* [[Sinbad the Sailor (Film)|Sinbad the Sailor]] (1947)
* [[Sinbad the Sailor (film)|Sinbad the Sailor]] (1947)
* [[Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein (Film)|Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein]] (1948)
* [[Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein]] (1948)
* [[Bicycle Thieves]] (1948)
* [[Bicycle Thieves]] (1948)
* [[Fort Apache]] (1948)
* [[Fort Apache]] (1948)
* [[Germany Year Zero (Film)|Germany Year Zero]] (1948)
* [[Germany, Year Zero]] (1948)
* [[Jungle Goddess]] (1948)
* [[Jungle Goddess]] (1948)
* [[Key Largo]] (1948)
* [[Key Largo]] (1948)
* [[Last of the Wild Horses]] (1948)
* [[Last of the Wild Horses]] (1948)
* [[Red River]] (1948)
* [[Red River]] (1948)
* [[Rope (Theatre)|Rope]] (1948)
* [[Rope]] (1948)
* [[The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (Film)|The Treasure of the Sierra Madre]] (1948)
* [[The Treasure of the Sierra Madre]] (1948)
* [[Unfaithfully Yours]] (1948)
* [[Unfaithfully Yours]] (1948)
* [[Batman and Robin (Serial)|Batman and Robin]] (1949)
* [[Batman and Robin (Serial)|Batman and Robin]] (1949)
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* [[On the Town]] (1949)
* [[On the Town]] (1949)
* [[She Wore a Yellow Ribbon]]
* [[She Wore a Yellow Ribbon]]
* [[Stray Dog (Film)|Stray Dog]] (1949)
* [[Stray Dog (film)|Stray Dog]] (1949)
* [[The Third Man]] (1949)
* [[The Third Man]] (1949)
* [[Under Capricorn]] (1949)
* [[Under Capricorn]] (1949)
* [[White Heat (Film)|White Heat]] (1949)
* [[White Heat]] (1949)




== Literature ==
== Literature ==
* [[For Whom the Bell Tolls (Literature)|For Whom the Bell Tolls]] (1940) by [[Ernest Hemingway (Creator)|Ernest Hemingway]].
* [[For Whom the Bell Tolls]] (1940) by [[Ernest Hemingway]].
* [[Magic Inc]] (1940) by [[Robert A. Heinlein]]
* [[Magic, Inc.]] (1940) by [[Robert A. Heinlein]]
* [[The Power and The Glory]] (1940) by Graham Greene.
* [[The Power and The Glory]] (1940) by Graham Greene.
* [[Sad Cypress (Literature)|Sad Cypress]] (1940) by [[Agatha Christie (Creator)|Agatha Christie]].
* [[Sad Cypress]] (1940) by [[Agatha Christie]].
* [[Curious George (Literature)|Curious George]] by Margret Rey and Hans Augusto "H.A." Rey. The series started in 1941.
* [[Curious George]] by Margret Rey and Hans Augusto "H.A." Rey. The series started in 1941.
* [[The Long Ships (Literature)|The Long Ships]] (1941, 1945) by Frans Gunnar Bengtsson.
* [[The Long Ships]] (1941, 1945) by Frans Gunnar Bengtsson.
* [[Nightfall (Literature)|Nightfall]] by [[Isaac Asimov (Creator)|Isaac Asimov]]. The short story was published in 1941, the novel in 1990.
* [[Nightfall]] by [[Isaac Asimov]]. The short story was published in 1941, the novel in 1990.
* [[Five Little Pigs (Literature)|Five Little Pigs]] (1942) by [[Agatha Christie (Creator)|Agatha Christie]].
* [[Five Little Pigs]] (1942) by [[Agatha Christie]].
* [[The Stranger]] (1942) by [[Albert Camus]].
* [[The Stranger]] (1942) by [[Albert Camus]].
* [[The Fountainhead]] (1943) by [[Ayn Rand]].
* [[The Fountainhead]] (1943) by [[Ayn Rand]].
* [[The Little Prince]] (1943) by [[Antoine De Saint Exupery]].
* [[The Little Prince]] (1943) by [[Antoine De Saint Exupery]].
* [[The Makioka Sisters]] (1943-1948) by Tanizaki Jun'ichirou.
* [[The Makioka Sisters]] (1943-1948) by Tanizaki Jun'ichirou.
* [[The Wind On the Moon]] (1944) by Eric Linklater.
* [[The Wind on the Moon]] (1944) by Eric Linklater.
* [[Animal Farm (Literature)|Animal Farm]] (1945) by [[George Orwell (Creator)|George Orwell]].
* [[Animal Farm]] (1945) by [[George Orwell]].
* [[Brideshead Revisited]] (1945) by [[Evelyn Waugh]].
* [[Brideshead Revisited]] (1945) by [[Evelyn Waugh]].
* [[Cannery Row]] (1945) by [[John Steinbeck (Creator)|John Steinbeck]].
* [[Cannery Row]] (1945) by [[John Steinbeck]].
* [[Miriam]] (1945) by Truman Capote.
* [[Miriam]] (1945) by Truman Capote.
* ''[[The Railway Series (Literature)|The Railway Series]]'' by Reverend Wilbert "W."Awdry started in 1945.
* ''[[The Railway Series]]'' by Reverend Wilbert "W."Awdry started in 1945.
* [[All the Kings Men (Literature)|All the Kings Men]] (1946) by Robert Penn Warren.
* [[All the King's Men|All the Kings Men]] (1946) by Robert Penn Warren.
* [[The Little White Horse]] (1946) by Elizabeth Goudge.
* [[The Little White Horse]] (1946) by Elizabeth Goudge.
* [[The Pearl (Literature)|The Pearl]] (1947) by [[John Steinbeck (Creator)|John Steinbeck]].
* [[The Pearl]] (1947) by [[John Steinbeck]].
* [[The Plague (Literature)|The Plague]] (1947) by [[Albert Camus]]
* [[The Plague (novel)|The Plague]] (1947) by [[Albert Camus]]
* [[Under the Volcano]] (1947) by Malcolm Lowry.
* [[Under the Volcano]] (1947) by Malcolm Lowry.
* [[Cry the Beloved Country]] (1948) by Alan Paton.
* [[Cry the Beloved Country]] (1948) by Alan Paton.
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* [[I Capture the Castle]] (1948) by Dodie Smith.
* [[I Capture the Castle]] (1948) by Dodie Smith.
* [[The Lottery]] (1948) by Shirley Jackson.
* [[The Lottery]] (1948) by Shirley Jackson.
* [[The Monster (Literature)|The Monster]] (1948) by Alfred Elton van Vogt.
* [[The Monster (novel)|The Monster]] (1948) by Alfred Elton van Vogt.
* [[My Fathers Dragon (Literature)|My Fathers Dragon]] (1948) by Ruth Stiles Gannett.
* [[My Father's Dragon|My Fathers Dragon]] (1948) by Ruth Stiles Gannett.
* [[Space Cadet (Literature)|Space Cadet]] (1948) by [[Robert A. Heinlein]]
* [[Space Cadet (novel)|Space Cadet]] (1948) by [[Robert A. Heinlein]]
* [[The Tunnel]] (1948) by Ernesto Sábato.
* [[The Tunnel]] (1948) by Ernesto Sábato.
* [[Nineteen Eighty-Four]] (1949) by [[George Orwell (Creator)|George Orwell]].
* [[Nineteen Eighty-Four]] (1949) by [[George Orwell]].




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* Moscow TV center resumed regular broadcasting on 15 December, 1945. It had went on hiatus during [[World War II]].
* Moscow TV center resumed regular broadcasting on 15 December, 1945. It had went on hiatus during [[World War II]].
* The [[The BBC|BBC Television Service]] resumed broadcasting on 7 June, 1946. It had went on hiatus in 1939 due to the outbreak of [[World War II]].
* The [[The BBC|BBC Television Service]] resumed broadcasting on 7 June, 1946. It had went on hiatus in 1939 due to the outbreak of [[World War II]].
* Regular network service by [[Du Mont]] started on 15 August, 1946.
* Regular network service by [[DuMont]] started on 15 August, 1946.
** The 1946-47 television season is generally regarded as the first full season in the United States.
** The 1946-47 television season is generally regarded as the first full season in the United States.
* Pinwright's Progress, a British television [[Sit Com]], is considered the pioneer of its genre. Debuted in 1946.
* Pinwright's Progress, a British television [[Sitcom]], is considered the pioneer of its genre. Debuted in 1946.
* Boxing from St. Nicholas Arena, an American sports program, debuted in [[NBC]]. Running from 1946 to 1948. It was revived by [[Du Mont]] from 1954 to 1956.
* Boxing from St. Nicholas Arena, an American sports program, debuted in [[NBC]]. Running from 1946 to 1948. It was revived by [[DuMont]] from 1954 to 1956.
* [[Meet the Press]]. Television adaptation of the radio show. Debuted in 1947.
* [[Meet the Press]]. Television adaptation of the radio show. Debuted in 1947.
* [[Queen for A Day]]. First Simulcast for radio and television in 1947. Continued in this format from 1948 onwards.
* [[Queen for a Day]]. First Simulcast for radio and television in 1947. Continued in this format from 1948 onwards.
* [[Break the Bank 1945|Break the Bank]]. Television adaptation of the radio show. Debuted in 1948.
* [[Break the Bank (1945 game show)|Break the Bank]]. Television adaptation of the radio show. Debuted in 1948.
* [[Candid Camera (TV)|Candid Camera]]. Debuted in 1948.
* [[Candid Camera]]. Debuted in 1948.
* [[Ed Sullivan Show]]. Debuted in 1948.
* [[Ed Sullivan Show]]. Debuted in 1948.
* [[Winner Take All]]. Television adaptation of the radio show. Debuted in 1948.
* [[Winner Take All]]. Television adaptation of the radio show. Debuted in 1948.
* [[The Aldrich Family (Radio)|The Aldrich Family]]. Television adaptation of the radio show. Debuted in 1949.
* [[The Aldrich Family]]. Television adaptation of the radio show. Debuted in 1949.
* [[Captain Video]]. Debuted in 1949.
* [[Captain Video]]. Debuted in 1949.
* [[The Lone Ranger (Radio)|The Lone Ranger]]. Television adaptation of the radio show. Debuted in 1949.
* [[The Lone Ranger]]. Television adaptation of the radio show. Debuted in 1949.
* [[Ripleys Believe It or Not]]. Television adaptation of the comic strip feature. Debuted in 1949.
* [[Ripley's Believe It or Not!]]. Television adaptation of the comic strip feature. Debuted in 1949.




== Music ==
== Music ==
Several of the music performers and composers of the era would enjoy long-lasting careers.
Several of the music performers and composers of the era would enjoy long-lasting careers.
* [[The Andrews Sisters (Music)|The Andrews Sisters]]
* [[The Andrews Sisters]]
* [[Louis Armstrong (Music)|Louis Armstrong]]
* [[Louis Armstrong]]
* Irving Berlin
* Irving Berlin
** [[Annie Get Your Gun]] (1946)
** [[Annie Get Your Gun]] (1946)
* [[Leonard Bernstein]]
* [[Leonard Bernstein]]
** [[On the Town]] (1944)
** [[On the Town]] (1944)
* [[Cab Calloway (Music)|Cab Calloway]]
* [[Cab Calloway]]
* [[Ray Charles (Music)|Ray Charles]].
* [[Ray Charles]].
* [[Aaron Copland]]
* [[Aaron Copland]]
* [[Bing Crosby (Music)|Bing Crosby]]
* [[Bing Crosby]]
* [[Miles Davis (Music)|Miles Davis]]
* [[Miles Davis]]
* [[Duke Ellington (Music)|Duke Ellington]]
* [[Duke Ellington]]
* Ira Gershwin and Kurt Weill
* Ira Gershwin and Kurt Weill
** [[Lady in The Dark]] (1941)
** [[Lady in the Dark]] (1941)
* Edgar Yipsel "Yip" Harburg and Burton Lane
* Edgar Yipsel "Yip" Harburg and Burton Lane
** [[Finian's Rainbow (Theatre)|Finian's Rainbow]] (1947)
** [[Finian's Rainbow]] (1947)
* [[Billie Holiday (Music)|Billie Holiday]]
* [[Billie Holiday]]
* [[Spike Jones (Music)|Spike Jones]]
* [[Spike Jones]]
* [[Erich Wolfgang Korngold]]
* [[Erich Wolfgang Korngold]]
* Alan Jay Lerner and Frederick Loewe
* Alan Jay Lerner and Frederick Loewe
** [[Brigadoon]] (1947)
** [[Brigadoon]] (1947)
* Johnny Marks
* Johnny Marks
** [[Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer (Animation)|Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer]] (1948/1949)
** [[Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer|Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer]] (1948/1949)
* [[Ogden Nash]] and Kurt Weill
* [[Ogden Nash]] and Kurt Weill
** [[One Touch of Venus]] (1943)
** [[One Touch of Venus]] (1943)
* [[Alfred Newman]]
* [[Alfred Newman]]
* [[Lionel Newman]]
* [[Lionel Newman]]
* [[Charlie Parker (Music)|Charlie Parker]]
* [[Charlie Parker]]
* [[Cole Porter]]
* [[Cole Porter]]
** [[Kiss Me Kate]] (1948)
** [[Kiss Me Kate]] (1948)
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** [[Carousel]] (1945)
** [[Carousel]] (1945)
** [[South Pacific]] (1949)
** [[South Pacific]] (1949)
* [[Frank Sinatra (Music)|Frank Sinatra]]
* [[Frank Sinatra]]
* [[Igor Stravinsky]]
* [[Igor Stravinsky]]
* Jule Styne and Leo Robin
* Jule Styne and Leo Robin
** [[Gentlemen Prefer Blondes]] (1949)
** [[Gentlemen Prefer Blondes]] (1949)
* [[Hank Williams (Music)|Hank Williams]]
* [[Hank Williams]]




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== Radio ==
== Radio ==
* ''[[The Phil Harris Alice Faye Show (Radio)|The Phil Harris Alice Faye Show]]''
* ''[[The Phil Harris-Alice Faye Show|The Phil Harris Alice Faye Show]]''
* ''[[The Adventures of Superman (Radio)|The Adventures of Superman]]''
* ''[[The Adventures of Superman (radio)|The Adventures of Superman]]''




== Theater ==
== Theater ==
* ''[[A Streetcar Named Desire (Theatre)|A Streetcar Named Desire]]'' (1947) by Tennessee Williams.
* ''[[A Streetcar Named Desire]]'' (1947) by Tennessee Williams.




== Video Games ==
== Video Games ==
* The [[Cathode Ray Tube Amusement Device (Video Game)|Cathode Ray Tube Amusement Device]] was created in 1947. It is one of the earliest known forms of video game.
* The [[Cathode Ray Tube Amusement Device]] was created in 1947. It is one of the earliest known forms of video game.




== Western Animation ==
== Western Animation ==
* [[The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad (Disney)|The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad]] (1949)
* [[The Adventures of Ichabod and Mr. Toad]] (1949)
* [[Andy Panda]]
* [[Andy Panda]]
* [[Bambi (Disney)|Bambi]] (1942)
* [[Bambi]] (1942)
* [[Barney Bear]]
* [[Barney Bear]]
* [[Casper the Friendly Ghost (Animation)|Casper the Friendly Ghost]]
* [[Casper the Friendly Ghost]]
** [[Theres Good Boos Tonight]] (1948)
** [[Theres Good Boos Tonight]] (1948)
* [[Classic Disney Shorts (Animation)|Classic Disney Shorts]]
* [[Classic Disney Shorts]]
** [[Chip and Dale]]
** [[Chip and Dale]]
** [[Donald Duck (Animation)|Donald Duck]]
** [[Donald Duck]]
*** [[Der Fuehrers Face (Disney)|Der Fuehrers Face]] (1943)
*** [[Der Fuehrer's Face|Der Fuehrers Face]] (1943)
** [[Education for Death]] (1943)
** [[Education for Death]] (1943)
** [[Figaro]]
** [[Figaro]]
** [[Goofy (Animation)|Goofy]]
** [[Goofy]]
** [[Mickey Mouse]]
** [[Mickey Mouse]]
** [[Minnie Mouse]]
** [[Minnie Mouse]]
** [[Pete (Animation)|Pete]]
** [[Pete]]
** [[Pluto the Pup (Animation)|Pluto the Pup]]
** [[Pluto the Pup]]
** [[Miscellaneous Disney Shorts]]
** [[Miscellaneous Disney Shorts]]
* [[Color Classics (Animation)|Color Classics]]
* [[Color Classics]]
* [[Dumbo (Disney)|Dumbo]] (1941)
* [[Dumbo]] (1941)
* [[Fantasia (Disney)|Fantasia]] (1940)
* [[Fantasia]] (1940)
* [[The Fox and The Crow (Animation)|The Fox and The Crow]]
* [[The Fox and The Crow]]
* [[Fun and Fancy Free (Disney)|Fun and Fancy Free]] (1947)
* [[Fun and Fancy Free]] (1947)
* [[Heckle and Jeckle (Animation)|Heckle and Jeckle]]
* [[Heckle and Jeckle]]
* [[Herman and Katnip (Animation)|Herman and Katnip]]
* [[Herman and Katnip]]
* [[Little Audrey (Animation)|Little Audrey]]
* [[Little Audrey]]
* [[Little Lulu (Comic Strip)|Little Lulu]]
* [[Little Lulu]]
* [[Looney Tunes in The Forties]]
* [[Looney Tunes in the Forties]]
** [[Book Revue]] (1946)
** [[Book Revue]] (1946)
** [[Bugs Bunny]]
** [[Bugs Bunny]]
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*** [[Bugs Bunny Gets the Boid]] (1942)
*** [[Bugs Bunny Gets the Boid]] (1942)
*** [[A Corny Concerto]] (1943)
*** [[A Corny Concerto]] (1943)
*** [[Tortoise Wins By a Hare]] (1943)
*** [[Tortoise Wins by a Hare]] (1943)
*** [[Little Red Riding Rabbit]] (1944)
*** [[Little Red Riding Rabbit]] (1944)
** [[Coal Black and De Sebben Dwarfs]] (1943)
** [[Coal Black and De Sebben Dwarfs]] (1943)
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*** [[You Ought to Be In Pictures]] (1940)
*** [[You Ought to Be In Pictures]] (1940)
** [[Sylvester Cat and Tweety Bird]]
** [[Sylvester Cat and Tweety Bird]]
** [[Wile E Coyote and The Road Runner (Animation)|Wile E Coyote and The Road Runner]]
** [[Wile E. Coyote and The Road Runner|Wile E Coyote and The Road Runner]]
* [[Make Mine Music (Disney)|Make Mine Music]] (1946)
* [[Make Mine Music]] (1946)
* [[Melody Time (Disney)|Melody Time]] (1948)
* [[Melody Time]] (1948)
* [[MGM Oneshot Cartoons (Animation)|MGM Oneshot Cartoons]]
* [[MGM Oneshot Cartoons]]
* [[Mighty Mouse (Animation)|Mighty Mouse]]
* [[Mighty Mouse]]
* [[Mr. Bug Goes to Town (Film)|Mr. Bug Goes to Town]] (1941)
* [[Mr. Bug Goes to Town]] (1941)
* [[Mr. Magoo (Animation)|Mr. Magoo]]
* [[Mr. Magoo]]
* [[Noveltoons (Animation)|Noveltoons]]
* [[Noveltoons]]
* [[Oswald the Lucky Rabbit (Animation)|Oswald the Lucky Rabbit]]
* [[Oswald the Lucky Rabbit]]
* [[Pinocchio (Disney)|Pinocchio]] (1940)
* [[Pinocchio (Disney film)|Pinocchio]] (1940)
* [[Popeye]]
* [[Popeye]]
* [[Private Snafu (Animation)|Private Snafu]]
* [[Private Snafu]]
* [[The Reluctant Dragon]] (1941)
* [[The Reluctant Dragon]] (1941)
* [[Saludos Amigos (Disney)|Saludos Amigos]] (1942)
* [[Saludos Amigos]] (1942)
* [[Screen Songs (Animation)|Screen Songs]]
* [[Screen Songs]]
* [[Superman Theatrical Cartoons (Animation)|Superman Theatrical Cartoons]]
* [[Superman Theatrical Cartoons]]
** [[The Mad Scientist (Animation)|The Mad Scientist]] (1941)
** [[The Mad Scientist]] (1941)
* [[Tex Avery MGM Cartoons (Animation)|Tex Avery MGM Cartoons]]
* [[Tex Avery MGM Cartoons]]
** [[Blitz Wolf]] (1942)
** [[Blitz Wolf]] (1942)
** [[Red Hot Riding Hood]] (1943)
** [[Red Hot Riding Hood]] (1943)
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** [[King Size Canary]] (1947)
** [[King Size Canary]] (1947)
** [[Bad Luck Blackie]] (1949)
** [[Bad Luck Blackie]] (1949)
* [[The Three Caballeros (Disney)|The Three Caballeros]] (1944)
* [[The Three Caballeros]] (1944)
* [[Tom and Jerry (Animation)|Tom and Jerry]]
* [[Tom and Jerry]]
** [[Puss Gets the Boot]] (1940)
** [[Puss Gets the Boot]] (1940)
** [[The Cat Concerto]] (1947)
** [[The Cat Concerto]] (1947)
* [[Wartime Cartoon]]
* [[Wartime Cartoon]]
* [[Woody Woodpecker (Animation)|Woody Woodpecker]]
* [[Woody Woodpecker]]
** [[The Cracked Nut (Animation)|The Cracked Nut]] (1941)
** [[The Cracked Nut]] (1941)
** [[The Barber of Seville (Animation)|The Barber of Seville]] (1944)
** [[The Barber of Seville (animation)|The Barber of Seville]] (1944)




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== Film ==
== Film ==
* ''[[Bedknobs and Broomsticks]]'' (1971). Set in 1940.
* ''[[Bedknobs and Broomsticks]]'' (1971). Set in 1940.
* ''[[Farewell My Lovely (Film)|Farewell My Lovely]]'' (1975). Set in 1941.
* ''[[Farewell My Lovely]]'' (1975). Set in 1941.
* ''[[Nineteen Forty One (Film)|Nineteen Forty One]]'' (1979). Set in 1941.
* ''[[1941|Nineteen Forty One]]'' (1979). Set in 1941.
* ''[[The Mummy Trilogy (Film)|The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor]]'' (2008). Set in 1946.
* ''[[The Mummy Trilogy|The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor]]'' (2008). Set in 1946.
* ''[[Who Framed Roger Rabbit? (Film)|Who Framed Roger Rabbit]]'' (1988). Set in 1947.
* ''[[Who Framed Roger Rabbit?|Who Framed Roger Rabbit]]'' (1988). Set in 1947.




== Video Games ==
== Video Games ==
* [[LA Noire (Video Game)|LA Noire]]. Set in 1947.
* [[LA Noire]]. Set in 1947.
* [[Mafia II]] - The first few chapters are set in 1945.
* [[Mafia II]] - The first few chapters are set in 1945.


Retrieved from "https://allthetropes.org/wiki/The_Forties"