View source for The Renaissance Age of Animation

{{Useful Notes}}
[[File:Renaissance_6935_6462.jpg|frame|A sampling of influential animation from this era.<ref>In order: Fievel from ''[[An American Tail]]'', Ariel from ''[[The Little Mermaid]]'', Butthead and Beavis from--take a guess--''[[Beavis and Butthead]]'', Buster Bunny and Babs Bunny (no relation) from ''[[Tiny Toon Adventures]]'', Unit 01 from ''[[Neon Genesis Evangelion]]'', and Buzz and Woody from ''[[Toy Story (franchise)|Toy Story]]''.</ref>]]

The return of animation to a point of artistic respect. At first [[The Dark Age of Animation]] persisted -- [[Limited Animation]] was still the rule on television. The [[Disney Animated Canon]] came close to ending for good when ''[[The Black Cauldron]]'', intended to be the stunning debut of a new generation of animators, didn't impress just-arrived company executives Michael Eisner and Jeffrey Katzenberg; they recut it and it proceeded to tank at the box-office. [[Merchandise-Driven]] shows/specials such as ''[[He-Man and the Masters of the Universe]]'', ''[[Strawberry Shortcake]]'', ''[[Care Bears]]'', and ''[[The Transformers (animation)|The Transformers]]'' ruled 80s television animation and had parents' groups up in arms about children watching glorified toy commercials (commercials that were extremely split between gender lines at that).

Fortunately, things got better.

As early as 1980 a Japanese Animation studio called Tokyo Movie Shinsha (Presently [[TMS Entertainment]]) sowed the first seeds that would eventually lead to the full-blown renaissance of animation when they teamed up with French company [[DiC]] in order to fund ''[[Ulysses 31]]''. The show worked, and it served as a precursor which eventually led to the start of this age of animation (TMS did try to get out of [[The Dark Age of Animation]] as early as 1971 with ''[[Lupin III]]'' series 1 but nothing worked until ''[[Ulysses 31]]''. ''[[Lupin III]]'' series 2 did do well, but it did not bring the industry out of the dark ages). TMS continued working with Dic until 1984 when two of their staff members, Tetsuo Katayama and Shigeru Akagawa, left TMS to found [[KKC and D Asia]]; but even after that TMS was still making the industry better, with their own productions like ''[[The Blinkins]]'', ''[[Mighty Orbots]]'', and ''[[Galaxy High]]'', and with shows like ''[[The Wuzzles]]'', ''[[Adventures of the Gummi Bears]]'' and ''[[DuckTales]]'' which were done in collaboration with [[Disney]], ultimately bringing quality animation to television for the first time ever. TMS were practically the sole producer of quality animation (and to a lesser extent, [[Studio Ghibli]]) until a man named [[John Kricfalusi]] teamed up with Ralph Bakshi to produce ''[[Mighty Mouse the New Adventures]]'', a show that helped bring back old school, insane "cartoony cartoons". This team up did not last long as [[John K]] went solo to do ''[[The Ren and Stimpy Show]]'' for Nickelodeon. TMS stopped working with Disney after Motoyoshi Tokunaga founded [[Walt Disney Animation Japan]], and then came TMS's golden age, when the studio was working with [[Warner Bros]] to produce shows like ''[[Tiny Toon Adventures]]'', ''[[Batman: The Animated Series]]'' and ''[[Animaniacs]]''. TMS's last major production in this era was ''[[Batman Beyond: Return of the Joker]]''.

Outside of TMS, Disney defector [[Don Bluth]] started making movies with 1982's ''[[The Secret of NIMH]]'', pushing for a return to the rich classical style of [[The Golden Age of Animation]]; while it was not a blockbuster, it quickly became a [[Cult Classic]]. It attracted the attention of no less than [[Steven Spielberg]], which led to Bluth's directing the successful ''[[An American Tail]]'' and ''[[The Land Before Time]]'' for Amblin Entertainment. Don Bluth would both rise to prominence and [[Fallen Creator|fall]] during this period, but his collaboration with Steven Spielberg proved to be the first real challenge Disney had ever faced in the animated film department, at least since the [[Max and Dave Fleischer|Fleischers]] were in business.

The Disney animation unit was not shuttered after all after the failure of ''[[The Black Cauldron]]'', mainly due to the modest success of ''[[The Great Mouse Detective]]''. After the threat from Bluth and Amblin though, Disney frantically stepped up its game and rallied with ''[[Oliver and Company]]'', which was another modest success. Their newly-established, adult-oriented Touchstone Pictures label co-produced—with Amblin Entertainment, as it happened -- ''[[Who Framed Roger Rabbit?]]'', a live-action/animated fantasy that also served as a [[Massive Multiplayer Crossover]] of Golden Age characters and was the box-office sensation of 1988. And starting with ''[[The Wuzzles]]'' but busting loose with ''[[DuckTales]]'', Disney launched many successful animated TV shows (first, as mentioned, alongside TMS). This successfully raised the stakes for the format with dramatically improved production standards in both animation and writing, eventually prompting Disney's rivals to improve their own to compete, to the medium's benefit.

In 1989, Disney brought out their first animated canon film based on a fairy tale in 30 years. ''[[The Little Mermaid]]'', a musical that [[George Lucas Throwback|refreshed the old formulas of yore]], was a surprise sensation at the box office—at last, they were well and truly back in the game. While the following year's ''[[The Rescuers Down Under]]'' was a financial disappointment, ''[[Beauty and the Beast]]'' (the first animated film ever to receive a Best Picture Oscar nomination), ''[[Aladdin (Disney film)|Aladdin]]'', and ''[[The Lion King]]'' were even bigger hits than ''Mermaid''. In fact, [[Your Mileage May Vary|some people]] argue that this era should have been called the ''Disney'' Renaissance, since they were the most successful animation studio during this era and had the most consistent track record in terms of hits.

By the end of [[The Nineties]], rival studios had launched their own feature animation units, most notably [[DreamWorks]]. However, most of them found that the market was still largely trapped in the [[All Animation Is Disney]] in terms of traditional animation and most of the attempts failed miserably, or fell victim to Disney's aggressive marketing such as rereleasing ''[[The Lion King]]'' so it could crush the rival, ''[[The Swan Princess]]'', in 1994. Even [[Don Bluth]] was forced to ape Disney with films like ''[[Anastasia (Animation)|Anastasia]]'', though his attempt to break out with ''[[Titan A.E.]]'' failed and sunk his career. However, [[Dreamworks Animation]], after enduring the underperformance of their traditionally animated films like ''[[The Prince of Egypt]]'', noticed that their small computer animated film, ''[[Antz]]'' did fairly well and suggested that other animation techniques could be the answer. So, they made a deal with the hailed British [[Stop Motion]] company, [[Aardman Animations]], who helped show DA that the way forward is to find their own voice and style in the next age.

[[Warner Bros]]. had its own revival, via television. Several Spielberg and TMS produced efforts brought Looney Tunes-style comedy into the 1990s; ''[[Tiny Toon Adventures]]'' and ''[[Animaniacs]]'' were the most successful. Much of the crew from these shows went on to launch the [[DC Animated Universe]] with ''[[Batman: The Animated Series]]'' in 1992. This time, Disney eventually aped ''them'' with a cult dark action series of their own, ''[[Gargoyles]]'', created by [[Greg Weisman]], even if they eventually mishandled it badly.

All things considered, the renaissance of ''television'' animation in North America did not really begin until 1987 with ''[[Mighty Mouse the New Adventures]]'' and didn't truly take off until the early '90s (the relatively few quality animated series of the '80s were the expection, not the rule), as opposed to animated ''movies'' which had a general rise in quality already during the late 1970s. However, in all fairness, it should probably be mentioned that many of the decried television cartoons of the '80s, that adult animation fans viewed as suffering from a general lack of quality (especially in regards to the writing department), were obviously still very entertaining to their kid demographic. This is evidenced by the fact that several of them proved so popular among juvenile audiences that they became huge pop culture phenomenons that are well remembered to this day. Examples of these includes the aforementioned '80s commercial shows as well as ''[[G.I. Joe]]'', ''[[My Little Pony]]'', ''[[Jem]]'', ''[[Thundercats]]'' and many more. Another trend of '80s TV animation besides "toy commercial shows" were that many established franchises received [[Animated Adaptation]]s, including ''[[Dragon's Lair]]'', ''[[The Real Ghostbusters]]'', ''[[ALF]]'', and ''[[Beetlejuice (animation)|Beetlejuice]]''.

Adult aimed animation finally came back to television during the renaissance age. ''[[The Simpsons (animation)|The Simpsons]]'' became a full-fledged series in 1989 and went on to become probably the most critically acclaimed television cartoon series of all time, and [[MTV]] caused a stir with [[Mike Judge]]'s ''[[Beavis and Butthead]]''. MTV, of course, was cable—and from here came the last great progress that cemented the renaissance: the rise of cable television.

Kid-centric cable networks such as [[Nickelodeon]] and [[Cartoon Network]] started with reruns and repackagings of cartoons from earlier eras, as well as syndicated fare (as did the USA Network's Cartoon Express block; this was also the ''modus operandi'' of the emerging home video market) but moved on to create their own quirky shows during the '90s. The former launched the "Nicktoons" brand with ''[[Doug]]'', ''[[Rugrats]]'', and ''[[The Ren and Stimpy Show]]'', while the latter had hits like ''[[Dexter's Laboratory]]'' and ''[[The Powerpuff Girls]]'' that went by the moniker "Cartoon Cartoons". The latter's name was eventually dropped, however, as 2002's ''[[Codename: Kids Next Door]]'' was the last show to use the Cartoon Cartoon label.

All in all, this era did a good job of at least brushing away the worst aspects of the Dark Age. [[Parental Bonus]] was back, quality had soared, and profits were high. [[Anime]] also found headway in the U.S. in this period with ''[[Robotech]]'' becoming a cult favorite with its audacious flouting of contemporary North American TV animation conventions to present a sweeping military SF saga that made homegrown fare like ''[[G.I. Joe]]'' look so timid and vapid. After that ''[[Sailor Moon]]'', ''[[Dragon Ball]]'', ''[[Neon Genesis Evangelion]]'', ''[[Pokémon (anime)|Pokémon]]'' began to make their presence on TV and home video. In theatres, anime made its own splash with the harrowing cyberpunk ultraviolence of ''[[Akira]]'' and while the Western world finally was presented with the genius of [[Hayao Miyazaki]] with his classic films like the intelligently charming ''[[Kiki's Delivery Service]]'' and the grand, profound fantasy drama ''[[Princess Mononoke]]''.

This is also the era that began the rise of computers in animation, riding the wave of the digital revolution that brought affordable PCs to the masses in the 1980s. Disney employed CG for major parts of their films starting with ''[[The Rescuers Down Under]]'', and by ''[[Beauty and the Beast]]'' had refined it considerably (the backdrop of the ballroom scene was very much [[Conspicuous CGI]], as are the stampede from ''[[The Lion King]]'' and the crowd scenes in ''[[The Hunchback of Notre Dame (Disney film)|The Hunchback of Notre Dame]]''). In 1994, the first completely 3-D CG TV series, ''[[ReBoot]]'', came out of Canadian studio Mainframe Entertainment and premiered on [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] in the USA. And 1995 brought the first all 3-D movie and the one that launched Pixar into the spotlight and a position to drive the future of the animation industry: ''[[Toy Story (franchise)|Toy Story]]''.

Depending on who you ask, the deterioration of this era began somewhere towards the end of the 1990s and the early 2000s. The seeds may have been sown in 1995, when Disney distributed [[Pixar]]'s ''[[Toy Story (franchise)|Toy Story]]''. It was a huge hit both critically and commercially...but Disney's traditionally animated entry for the year, ''[[Pocahontas]]'', did well enough financially but also disappointed many viewers. Disney's increasingly formulaic approach to feature storytelling -- [["I Want" Song]]s, wacky sidekicks, [[Anachronism Stew|pop culture jokes]], etc. -- in the wake of its early-'90s hits, resulted in films that strived to include more adult themes/stories yet couldn't lift themselves out of the worst aspects of the [[Animation Age Ghetto]] when it came to content. [[Disneyfication]] became a dirty word as critics accused them of whitewashing/dumbing down history and classic literature/mythology. (The increasing amounts of merchandise tied into these films didn't help matters.) That said, while these films were considered inferior to their predecessors, only one, the aforementioned ''Pocahontas'', was a critical failure - at a mediocre 56% on [[Rotten Tomatoes]], it's the only real critical failure of the Disney Renaissance. Meanwhile, the entries that were relative box office failures - ''[[The Hunchback of Notre Dame (Disney film)|The Hunchback of Notre Dame]]'' and ''[[Hercules (Disney film)|Hercules]]'' - were modestly well-received by said critics (at a decent 73% and a good 83% on [[Rotten Tomatoes]], respectively), who considered them improvements over the preachy and pretentious ''Pocahontas'' - ''Hunchback'' has even been [[Vindicated by History]] recently to the point that it's a Dark Horse candidate for the [[Magnum Opus]] of the Disney Renaissance. ''[[Mulan]]'' and ''[[Tarzan (Disney film)|Tarzan]]'' were even viewed as coming close to the earlier works (at 86% and 88%, respectively). Rival studios' Disney-esque efforts were usually pale imitations at best—consider Don Bluth's work post-''[[All Dogs Go to Heaven]]'', ''[[The Swan Princess]]'', etc. -- and often even worse when it came to [[Disneyfication]], culminating in ''two'' Italian animated features that turned the ''Titanic disaster'' into [[Happily Ever After]] musicals. The absolute nadir of the trend, at least as far as wide release animated films go, was Warner Bros. ''[[Quest for Camelot]]'' - sadly, this film outdid far superior works by Warner Bros. such as the [[Animation Age Ghetto|Ghetto-busting]] ''[[The Iron Giant]]'' and ''[[Cats Don't Dance]]'' financially, even as critics savaged it. One could even pin ''Quest For Camelot'' as being one of the films that led to the eventual downfall of the Renaissance Age.

Perhaps worst of all, Disney [[Sequelitis|started producing direct-to-video sequels, prequels, and/or interquels to most of their Modern Age films via their television animation units]], which sold well but didn't touch the quality of the real things. The sales were so good that even Golden Age and Dark Age efforts were given this treatment, to the increasing horror of adult Disney fans. It can be argued that the "cheapquels" led to a fatal dilution of the Disney brand name, causing audiences to take less interest in their newer animated canon efforts. And when rival studios (particularly MGM and Universal Studios) started doing the same thing with films ''they'' owned the rights to, video stores were glutted with unwanted, unworthy sequels to everything from ''[[The Secret of NIMH]]'' to ''[[The Swan Princess]]''. Before this era sequels were rare if not non-existent. It's one reason the Renaissance, like every other period in animation history, is a bit of a mixed bag.

Also, in an ironic twist, the successes of animation and children's programming on cable helped to wound animation on broadcast TV, killing the weekday animation block outright. As animation was an expensive medium at the time, increasing competition led to a greater fragmenting of the audience. With smaller audiences for each network, plus increasing restrictions on advertising content in children's programming (daytime animation still got redlined into the Ghetto), animation blocks became increasingly less profitable. The twin developments of a fracturing audience and animation's move to cable (and needing to make do with cable's smaller budgets), led to declines in animation quality. Work was outsourced to overseas studios. computer coloring eventually replaced ink and paint, and soon [[Adobe Flash|Flash]] made inroads as an animation tool.

For this era's successor, see [[The Millennium Age of Animation]].

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== Characters/Series/Films that are associated with this era ==

* ''[[Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog]]''
* ''[[Adventures of the Galaxy Rangers]]''
* ''[[Adventures of the Gummi Bears]]'': The Disney cartoon that finally introduced quality animation to made-for-TV cartoons, playing a big role in getting rid of lingering legacies from [[The Dark Age of Animation]].
* ''[[Akira]]'': the film that made people take anime seriously.
* ''[[Aaahh Real Monsters]]''
* ''[[Alvin and The Chipmunks]]'': Their 1980s incarnation.
* ''[[An American Tail]]'': This movie was a surprise success at the box office, the first non-Disney animated movie to out-perform Disney, and had a lot to do with showing people that cartoons could still be profitable. Also marked Steven Spielberg's entrance into the animation scene.
** ''An American Tail: Fievel Goes West'', and the two direct to video sequels.
* ''[[Anastasia (Animation)|Anastasia]]''
* ''[[Animaniacs]]''
** ''[[Wakko's Wish]]'' - A direct-to-video film based off said series.
* ''[[All Dogs Go to Heaven]]'': Considered by some of Don Bluth's fans to be his [[Magnum Opus]] or his last good film.
* ''[[The Angry Beavers]]''
* ''[[Balto]]''
* ''[[Batman: The Animated Series]]''
** ''[[Batman: Mask of the Phantasm]]''
** ''[[Batman & Mr. Freeze: SubZero]]''
* ''[[Beavis and Butthead]]''
* ''[[Beethoven (TV series)|Beethoven: The Animated Series]]'': Yes, this does exist. That is all we're going to say about it.
* ''[[Betty Boop]]'': Received two television specials in the 80's; "The Romance of Betty Boop" (1985), and "Betty Boop's Hollywood Mystery" (1989).
* ''[[Beetlejuice (animation)|Beetlejuice]]''
* ''[[Biker Mice From Mars]]''
* ''[[Bobby's World]]''
* ''[[The Brave Little Toaster]]''
* ''[[The Brothers Flub]]''
* ''[[The Brothers Grunt]]'': Danny Antonucci's pre-''[[Ed, Edd 'n' Eddy]]'' work.
* ''[[Captain N]]''
* ''[[Captain Planet and the Planeteers]]''
* ''[[Captain Tsubasa]]'': Along with ''[[Dragon Ball]]'', the series that started the Anime Boom of the 90s in Europe.
* ''[[Care Bears]]''
* ''[[Cartoon All-Stars to the Rescue]]''
* ''[[Casper the Friendly Ghost]]'': Got both a live action/CGI hybrid movie revival, as well as a brand new animated TV series to boot.
* ''[[CatDog]]''
* ''[[Cats Don't Dance]]''
* ''[[Centurions]]''
* ''[[Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers (animation)|Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers]]''
* ''[[Christmas in Tattertown]]'': A 1988 TV special [[Ralph Bakshi]] made for [[Nickelodeon]], made in an attempt to revive the 1920s' rubberhose cartoon style. Nickelodeon intended it to be a series, but Bakshi knew this would never work, so it never went past this pilot.
* ''[[The Comic Strip]]''
* ''[[Cool World]]''
* ''[[Courage the Cowardly Dog]]''
* ''[[Cow and Chicken]]''
* ''[[The Critic (animation)|The Critic]]''
* ''[[Daria]]''
* ''[[Darkwing Duck (animation)|Darkwing Duck]]''
* ''[[Defenders of the Earth]]''
* ''The Devil And Daniel Mouse'': An esoteric 80's made for TV film.
* ''[[Dexter's Laboratory]]''
* ''[[Dinosaucers]]''
* [[Disney Animated Canon]]
** ''[[The Fox and the Hound (film)]]''
** ''[[The Black Cauldron]]''
** ''[[The Great Mouse Detective]]'': This film's moderate success was what convinced Disney to keep doing animated films, as the company was in dire straits in the early '80s after a string of box office bombs.
** ''[[Oliver and Company]]''
** [[The Little Mermaid]]: The movie that brought Disney into ''its'' renaissance era, after repeated defeats at the box office by Don Bluth's movies.
** ''[[The Rescuers Down Under]]''
** ''[[Beauty and the Beast]]'': The first animated feature to earn a Best Picture Oscar nomination, a distinction that would not be repeated until 2010's nomination for ''[[Up (animation)|Up]]''.
** ''[[Aladdin (Disney film)|Aladdin]]''
** ''[[The Lion King]]''
** ''[[Pocahontas]]''
** ''[[The Hunchback of Notre Dame (Disney film)|The Hunchback of Notre Dame]]''
** ''[[Hercules (Disney film)|Hercules]]''
** ''[[Mulan]]''
** ''[[Tarzan (Disney film)|Tarzan]]''
** ''[[Fantasia|Fantasia 2000]]''
* ''[[Doug]]'', the very first Nicktoon, and the first TV show for Jumbo Pictures. Aired on both Nickelodeon and ABC (after getting bought by Disney)
* ''[[Dragon Ball]]'': Made and dubbed during this period (and quite possibly the trope codifier for starting the North American Anime craze of the mid-late 90s). One of the hundreds of Anime spawned during this period and one of the several dozen that caught on in America. You can confidently say that this series is one of the main reasons Anime became popular during the 90s outside of Japan.
* ''[[Duckman]]''
* ''[[DuckTales]]''
** ''[[DuckTales the Movie: Treasure of the Lost Lamp]]''
* ''[[Ed, Edd 'n' Eddy]]''
* ''[[Eek the Cat]]''
* ''[[Eight Crazy Nights]]''
* ''[[Exo Squad]]''
* ''[[Family Guy]]'': Got its start at the end of this era.
* ''[[Felix the Cat]]'': Specifically, the character got two revivals, [[Too Good to Last|one good]], [[Love It or Hate It|the other very contested.]] The first one was [[Felix the Cat: The Movie]], which was based on Felix's flanderized portrayal from [[The Dark Age of Animation]]. The second one was the surprisingly good ''[[The Twisted Tales of Felix the Cat]]'', which basically brought Felix back to his roots and the series even threw in a bit of Max Fleischer surreality into the mix.
* ''[[Fern Gully]]''
* ''[[Felidae]]''
* ''[[The Flight of Dragons]]''
* ''[[Freakazoid]]''
* ''[[Freddie as F.R.O.7]]'': Made by the British during this era, it's one of the strangest animated films you will EVER see.
* ''[[Galaxy High]]''
* ''[[Garfield and Friends]]''
* ''[[Gargoyles]]''
* ''[[G.I. Joe]]''
* ''[[Goof Troop]]''
* ''[[A Goofy Movie]]'': Technically not part of the [[Disney Animated Canon]] but very well-liked nonetheless.
* ''[[Gravedale High]]'': A [[Lost Forever|long-lost]] 1990's [[Hanna-Barbera]] cartoon.
* ''Gremlins 2'': Features an opening cartoon segment starring Bugs and Daffy.
* [[Hayao Miyazaki]] films, such as ''[[Spirited Away]]'' and ''[[Princess Mononoke]]''.
* ''[[Heckle and Jeckle]]'': In ''The New Adventures of [[Mighty Mouse]] and Heckle & Jeckle''.
* ''[[He-Man and the Masters of the Universe]]''
* ''[[Hey Arnold!]]''
* ''[[Histeria!]]''
* ''[[Inhumanoids]]''
* ''[[Inspector Gadget]]''
* ''[[The Iron Giant]]''
* ''[[Johnny Bravo]]''
* ''[[Jonny Quest: The Real Adventures]]''
* ''[[Ka Blam!]]''
* ''[[The Land Before Time]]'': The second Bluth movie to make box office records. Also has an infamous case of [[Sequelitis]].
* ''[[The Last Unicorn (animation)|The Last Unicorn]]''
* ''[[Life With Louie]]''
* ''[[Little Nemo]]'': Adventures in Slumberland
* ''[[Looney Tunes in the Seventies and Onward]]'': Post-Termite Terrace theatrical shorts from [[The Seventies]], [[The Eighties]], [[The Nineties]] and in [[The New Tens]].
* ''[[Mickey Mouse Works]]''
* ''[[Mighty Mouse]]'': The New Adventures
* ''[[Mike, Lu & Og]]''
* ''[[Mobile Suit Gundam Wing]]'': The anime that effectively pulled the [[Gundam]] franchise out from its glut since the late 80s; and the first to gain series wide exposure in America.
* ''[[Ms Doubtfire]]'': Has a cartoon segment contributed by [[Chuck Jones]].
* ''[[Muppet Babies]]''
* ''[[Neon Genesis Evangelion]]'': The famous Mecha series that deconstructs the entire genre. Also one of the Anime that caused the Craze of the late 90s.
* ''The New Adventures of [[Beany and Cecil]]''
* ''[[The Nightmare Before Christmas]]''
* ''[[Oh Yeah Cartoons]]''
* ''[[Once Upon a Forest]]''
* ''[[The Pagemaster]]''
* ''[[The Pebble and the Penguin]]'': Directed by the one and only world famous <s>Don Bluth</s> [[Alan Smithee]].
* ''[[Pepper Ann]]''
* ''[[Peter Pan and The Pirates]]''
* ''[[Pinky and The Brain]]''
** ''[[Pinky, Elmyra & the Brain]]''
* ''[[The Powerpuff Girls]]''
* ''[[Pokémon (anime)|Pokémon]]'': Effectively gave Anime a fighting chance in America. [[Long Runner|And the only one that's still going strong]].
* ''[[The Prince of Egypt]]''
* ''[[A Pup Named Scooby Doo]]''
* ''[[Quest for Camelot]]''
* ''[[Raw Toonage]]'': A [[Short Runners|short-lived]] [[Animated Anthology]] series from Disney that spawned [[Marsupilami|two]] [[Bonkers|spinoffs]].
* ''[[Rayman]]: The Animated Series'': An ''extremely'' short lived [[All CGI Cartoon]] series, very, VERY loosely based off of the limbless wonder.
* ''[[The Real Ghostbusters]]''
* ''[[ReBoot]]'': The first fully CGI TV series
* ''[[Recess]]'': One of the three flagship programs of Disney's [[One Saturday Morning]], and the most successful and popular one.
* ''[[The Ren and Stimpy Show]]''
* ''[[Revolutionary Girl Utena]]''
* ''[[Road Rovers]]''
* ''[[The Road to El Dorado]]''
* ''[[Robotech]]'': Yes, it was a [[Cut and Paste Translation]] of three unrelated [[Anime]] series, but it was on the forefront of introducing American audiences to Japanese animation, breaking several of the conventions of US animated television shows, as well as ironically building the popularity of importing unedited Japanese productions.
* ''[[Rock-a-Doodle]]'': Seen by most fans as the movie where Don Bluth [[Jumping the Shark|jumped the shark.]]
* ''[[Rocket Power]]''
* ''[[Rocko's Modern Life]]''
* ''[[Roughnecks: Starship Troopers Chronicles]]''
* ''[[Rover Dangerfield]]''
* ''[[Rugrats]]''
** ''[[The Rugrats Movie]]''
* ''[[Rurouni Kenshin]]'': The series that made samurai stories popular among anime fans from this generation.
* ''[[Sabrina the Animated Series]]''
* ''[[Sailor Moon]]'': One of the three major series that started the Anime Craze of the 90s (along with ''Dragon Ball'' and ''Evangelion'').
* ''[[Saint Seiya]]'': One of the series that also started the Anime Craze of the 90s, but in Latin America and, to a (sightly) lesser degree, Europe.
* ''[[Scooby Doo in Arabian Nights]]''
* ''[[The Secret of NIMH]]'': Came out somewhat before what many agree to be the start of the renaissance, but definitely played a role in shaping it in the long run.
* ''[[The Simpsons (animation)|The Simpsons]]''
* ''[[The Smurfs (animation)|The Smurfs]]''
* [[Sonic Sat AM|Sonic the Hedgehog (SatAM)]]: Noteworthy for being one of those rarities of rarities: a GOOD video game series!
* ''[[Sonic the Hedgehog The Movie]]'': Also noteworthy for being [[Video Game Movies Suck|one of those rarities of rarities: a GOOD video game movie.]]
* ''[[Sonic Underground]]''
* ''[[South Park]]'': Much like ''[[Family Guy]]'', it got its start toward the end of this era too.
* ''[[Space Goofs]]''
* ''[[Space Jam]]''
** Lola Bunny made her debut in this film as a [[Looney Tunes]] [[Canon Immigrant]].
* ''[[Spiral Zone]]''
* ''[[SpongeBob SquarePants]]'': The show also has that ''[[Family Guy]]'' vibe.
* ''[[Stay Tuned]]'': A live action feature, notable for an animated segment contributed by [[Chuck Jones]].
* ''[[Superman: The Animated Series]]''
* ''[[Swat Kats]]''
* ''[[The Swan Princess]]'': Notable in how frequently it attempts to defy the Disney formula, while having the characters still end up [[Genre Blind]] for other reasons, and ultimately succumbing to the Disney formula. Also the most successful animation motion picture to come from ''Nest'' (meaning: neither Disney nor Dreamworks nor Don Bluth.)
* ''[[Tale Spin]]''
* ''[[Thumbelina]]'': As [[The Nostalgia Chick]] said, it holds ''many'' similarities to the Disney formula of the time and doesn't work out so well.
* ''[[Thundercats]]''
* ''[[Tiny Toon Adventures]]''
** ''[[Tiny Toon Adventures: How I Spent My Vacation]]''
* ''[[Tom and Jerry: The Movie]]''
* ''[[Tom and Jerry Kids]]''
* [[Toonami]]: Cartoon Network's original "action" after-school block, launched in '97 near the end of the age. While showcasing such hits as [[ReBoot]], it's also known for one of the earliest and most successful blocks to showcase [[Anime]], bringing us classics such as ''[[Sailor Moon]]'', ''[[Mobile Suit Gundam]]'', ''[[Dragon Ball]] Z'', ''[[Outlaw Star]]'', and many more, and is probably directly responsible for the rise in [[Anime]] in Western audiences.
* ''[[Toy Story]]'': The first fully CGI animated film. [[Your Mileage May Vary]] on whether or not the success of this movie helped bring about the end of the renaissance era.
* ''[[Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles 1987|Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1987 series)]]''
* ''[[The Thief and the Cobbler]]'': Although it was finished and released in the '90s, it ''did'' [[Older Than They Think|start production in the Sixties.]]
* [[Transformers]]:
** ''[[The Transformers (animation)|The Transformers]]'': Introduced in the Dark Age, but ran through this era.
** ''[[Beast Wars]]''
* ''[[A Troll in Central Park]]''
* ''[[Twice Upon a Time]]''
* ''[[Two Stupid Dogs]]''
* ''[[Unico And The Island Of Magic]]''
* ''[[Visionaries]]''
* ''Volere Volare'': A french [[Roger Rabbit Effect]] romantic comedy.
* ''[[Voltron]]'': One of the earliest anime to be released in America during this age.
* ''[[Wallace and Gromit]]''
* ''[[The Wacky World of Tex Avery]]''
* ''[[Who Framed Roger Rabbit?]]''
* ''[[The Wild Thornberrys]]''
* ''[[Wing Commander Academy]]''
* ''[[Woody Woodpecker]]'' got his comeback during this time thanks to the TV series ''The New Woody Woodpecker Show''.
* ''[[The World of David the Gnome]]''
* ''[[The Wuzzles]]''
* ''[[X-Men (animation)|X-Men]]''
* ''[[Yo Yogi]]''
* ''[[You're Under Arrest]]'': While not as known, it was one of the Anime released during the craze in America.<ref>around the time DBZ was getting dubbed - 1995/1996</ref> And also one of the few that had a release by a [[Dark Horse Comics|relatively major comic book company]].


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== Real Life People Directly Involved With This Era ==
* [[Don Bluth]]
* [[Cree Summer]]: Actress/voice actress who got her start in the beginning of this era with her role as Penny in ''[[Inspector Gadget]]''. She's still a popular [[Voice Actor]] today. She also played Freddy in ''[[A Different World]]'', which aired around this time.
* [[Matt Groening]]
* [[John Kricfalusi]], the creator of ''[[The Ren and Stimpy Show]]''
* [[Hayao Miyazaki]]
* Isao Takahata
* Yoshifumi Kondo
* [[Hideaki Anno]]
* [[Steven Spielberg]]
* [[Genndy Tartakovsky]]
* Ted Turner: His company bought the rights to MGM's pre-1986 library and [[Hanna-Barbera]]'s ''entire'' library, which of course included vast amounts of old cartoons. This would prompt the launch of [[Cartoon Network]].
* [[Tom Ruegger]]
* [[Tress MacNeille]], a very prolific voice actress from this time to today.
* [[Rob Paulsen]]
* [[Mike Judge]]
* Skip Jones, animator on many of the films of this era including several of Bluth's films.
* Joe Murray, creator of ''[[Rocko's Modern Life]]'', and later ''[[Camp Lazlo]]''.
* [[Arlene Klasky]] and [[Garbor Csupo]] of [[Klasky-Csupo]].
* David Kirschner, who was largely responsible for ''[[An American Tail]]'' and more obscure animated movies during [[The Nineties]] such as ''[[Once Upon a Forest]]'', ''[[The Pagemaster]]'' and ''[[Cats Don't Dance]]''.
* [[Seth MacFarlane]], who got his start writing, storyboarding, and voice acting in this era; and whose [[What a Cartoon Show|World Premiere Toon]] eventually evolved into ''[[Family Guy]]'' (which of course premiered at the end of the Renaissance).
* Craig Bartlett, an animator for ''[[Pee-wee's Playhouse]]'', writer for ''[[Rugrats]]'', and creator of ''[[Hey Arnold!]]''. Also [[Matt Groening]]'s brother-in-law, interestingly enough.
* Jim Jinkins, creator of ''[[Doug]]'' and ''[[PB and J Otter]]'', the latter of which aired at the end of the Renaissance.
* Paul Germain and Joe Ansolabehere, who wrote for ''[[Rugrats]]'' (and the former co-created it) and ''[[Hey Arnold!]]'', and the creators of ''[[Recess]]''
* Fred Seibert, the producer behind [[What a Cartoon Show|World Premiere Toons]] and ''[[Oh Yeah Cartoons]]'', making him indirectly responsible for their various spin-offs.
* Yutaka Fujioka: Founder of [[T Ms]] and starter of this age of animation.
* [[Toshihiko Masuda]]: Chief [[T Ms]] Directer of the Disney and [[Warner Bros]] shows that TMS worked on.
* [[Nobuo Tomizawa]]
* Kenji Hachizaki
* Kazuhide Tomonaga
* Hiroyuki Aoyama: Before doing ''[[The Girl Who Leapt Through Time]]'' and ''[[Summer Wars]]'' for [[Madhouse]], he was one of the people involved in this era of animation.
* Yuichiro Yano
* Saburo Hashimoto
* Keiko Oyamada
* Sawako Miyamoto: More for her work at [[Walt Disney Animation Japan]] then [[T Ms]]'s Telecom unit (as she was a directer there, as she did mosty did key animation at Telecom), not related with [[Shigeru Miyamoto]].
* Takashi Kawaguchi
* Teiichi Takiguchi
* Hisao Yokobori
* Hiroaki Noguchi
* Yukio Okazaki
* Shojiro Nishimi: Before doing ''[[Tekkon Kinkreet]]'' for [[Studio 4°C]], he was one of the people involved in this era.
* Osamu Dezaki
* Nelson Shin: Producer of ''[[The Transformers (animation)|The Transformers]]'' cartoon; director for ''[[Transformers: The Movie]]'' and founder of South Korean studio [[AKOM]], who worked on several of the shows present in this age.
* [[Kath Soucie]]
* Pamela Segal-Aldon
* April Winchell
* [[Tara Strong]]

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== Real life people who are directly influenced by this era ==
* Jerry Beck and Amid Amidi. Animation historians, writers on 'Art Of' and other animation novelty books, and bloggers of the industry-popular [[Cartoon Brew]].
* Doug Walker, aka [[The Nostalgia Critic]]. Much of what he reviews exposes the somewhat worse aspects of some of the animation to come out of this era, and frequently includes gags referencing such cartoons.


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== Tropes Associated With This Era ==

* [[All Animation Is Disney]]: This trope runs rampant on Don Bluth's work, and it doesn't stop there.
* [[All CGI Cartoon]]: Started in this decade with both, [[Pixar]]'s films, and TV series ''[[Beast Wars]]'', ''[[ReBoot]]'' and ''[[South Park]]'' (all three airing within the same time period on television to boot).
* [[Animated Adaptation]]: Though this does go back to the previous era, it began to happen more frequently in this era, with unlikely movies such as ''[[Beetlejuice]]'', ''[[Ace Ventura]]'', and ''[[Ghostbusters]]'' receiving their own animated adaptations.
** Animated adaptations of video games were also big at the time, with [[Sat AM Sonic the Hedgehog|mixed]] [[Super Mario Bros Super Show|results.]]
* [[Animation Age Ghetto]]: A sad relic of the previous era. Animation did begin to overcome this somewhat, with the success of more adult cartoons such as ''[[The Simpsons (animation)|The Simpsons]]''.
* [[Animation Bump]]: '''IN ♠ SPADES.'''
* [[Arch Enemy|Arch-Competitor]]: [[Don Bluth]] to Disney from about the release of ''An American Tail'' until ''All Dogs Go To Heaven'' was beaten by ''The Little Mermaid'' at the box office (after which Bluth stopped posing a real threat to Disney, arguably due to the departure of Steven Spielberg).
* [[Award Bait Song]]: A staple of animated films of this era.
* [[Conspicuous CG]]: In some of the 2-D movies from the late '80s and early '90s, it just looked weird when they tried to integrate computer animation because CG technology wasn't advanced enough yet. See the beginning of ''[[Thumbelina]]''.
* [[Direct to Video]]
* [[Disneyfication]]
* [[Disney Acid Sequence]]
* [["Everybody Laughs" Ending]]: Was still used A LOT during the '80s, though it stopped being taken seriously and played straight at some point during the '90s.
* [[Follow the Leader]]: The mentality of many of Disney's competitors during this era. Most of them failed miserably, though.
* [[George Lucas Throwback]]: Rampant. ''[[The Little Mermaid]]'' was designed to be just like the old Disney animated musicals, ''[[Tiny Toon Adventures]]'' and ''[[Animaniacs]]'' were inspired by the Warner Bros. cartoons in the [[Golden Age of Animation|Golden Age]], [[Genndy Tartakovsky]] and [[Craig McCracken]] frequently threw back to 70s/80s anime and superhero shows (and at some points drifted into [[Affectionate Parody]] territory), [[John Kricfalusi]] threw back to [[Tex Avery]], and so on.
* [[Ink Suit Actor]]: Happened quite a lot in Disney's movies during this period, such as the Genie in ''[[Aladdin (Disney film)|Aladdin]]'' basically just being [[Robin Williams]], only blue and a [[Reality Warper]].
* [[Licensed Game]]: This trend would explode with the NES, and it continues to this day. Nearly any cartoon that has ever become famous has received a video game adaptation.
* [[Limited Animation]]: Not quite as present as in the dark age, but shades still existed throughout this era.
* [[Live Action Adaptation]]: Just as movies were being adapted into animated series, the inverse was also happening more frequently.
* [[Off-Model]]: Despite somewhat better animation, this still ran rampant throughout. The fact that literally everyone in North America and Japan were outsourcing did not help matters either.
* [[Parental Bonus]]
* [[Prime Time Cartoon]]
* [[Recycled: the Series]]
* [[Revival]]
* [[Saturday Morning Cartoon]]: Though by no means did they end during the Renaissance (there are still a few around today), this was the last animation era in which Saturday Morning Cartoons on network TV were still big contenders.
* [[Serkis Folk]]: Disney's first all CG character was the carpet from ''[[Aladdin (Disney film)|Aladdin]]''. From there [[Serkis Folk]] would become increasingly more common, as traditional animation declined.
* [[Shout-Out]]: There were many shout outs to classic cartoons. ''[[Who Framed Roger Rabbit?]]'' was basically one long [[Shout-Out]].
* [[Spinoff Babies]]
* [[The Movie]]: Many cartoon characters both old and new, such as ''[[Tom and Jerry: The Movie]]'', ''[[Felix the Cat]]'', ''[[Space Jam|Looney Tunes]]'', ''[[A Goofy Movie|Goofy]]'', the ''[[Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (film)|Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles]]'', ''[[Transformers: The Movie|The Transformers]]'', ''[[The Flintstones]]''. and others, got their own movies during this period, some of which vary in quality, but tended to usually be quite bad.
* [[Thick Line Animation]]: Popularized by the success of ''[[Dexter's Laboratory]]'' and [[The Powerpuff Girls]], this style caught on towards what many may consider the end of the renaissance. Nowadays nearly every western television cartoon that comes out has this style, if it isn't trying to look anime.
* [[Toilet Humor]]: Became increasingly more commonplace in the 1990s, especially with [[Gross-Out Show]]s like ''[[The Ren and Stimpy Show]]''.
* [[Too Good to Last]]: Even more so than the Golden Age.
** Can also apply to [[Warner Bros]]. and [[DreamWorks]] 2-D animated films.
* [[We're Still Relevant, Dammit!]]: The animation industry as a whole during this period. And boy did they prove it.

{{reflist}}
[[Category:TMS Entertainment]]
[[Category:The Nineties]]
[[Category:History of Animation]]
[[Category:Western Animation]]
[[Category:Index]]
[[Category:The Renaissance Age of Animation]]
{{The History of Animation}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Renaissance Age of Animation, The}}