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Plagiarism: Difference between revisions

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{{trope}}
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{{quote|''Plagiarize,''<br />
''Let no one else's work evade your eyes,''<br />
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''Only be sure always to call it please 'research'.''|'''[[Tom Lehrer]], "Lobachevsky"'''}}
 
Plagiarism is essentially taking the work of others and attempting to pass it off as one's own. In academia, it is generally defined as putting forth ideas cribbed<ref><sup> Use of the word "cribbed" comes from the fact that plagiarism literally means baby stealing.</ref></sup> from other places and claiming that the writer came up with them -- in other words, discussing facts and theories without proper citation. This can get dicey if the author of a paper or essay happened to come to the same conclusion as a previous writer independently. It can also lead to '"Plagiarism Paranoia'", when a student panics over whether they've cited it enough or not. However, around here, we're more concerned with literary plagiarism. For plagiarism used as a plot point, see [[Plagiarism in Fiction]].
 
When it comes to works of fiction, the term ''"plagiarism''" tends to be misused quite a bit; indeed, most of what is referred to as '"blatant plagiarism'" is actually far less blatant than actual plagiarism. If two stories happen to have [[Trope|similar elements]], it does not mean that one plagiarised the other. All stories are influenced by what has come before and what the author has experienced; the most likely case is that one story inspired at least part of the other.
 
Literary plagiarism can involve the use of events and characters from a work of fiction, or the wholesale copying of another author's text. To be plagiarized, the text, characters or ideas must be used without crediting the original author for their work.
 
Note that plagiarism does not necessarily involve copyright[[Copyright]] infringement, or vice versa. A writer can plagiarize a work that is no longer under copyright or was never copyrighted. If writer Joe Smith publishes a play he copied from a [[William Shakespeare]] anthology, Smith is still plagiarizing even though Shakespeare's work is in the public domain. Copyright infringement occurs when Joe Smith uses someone else's copyrighted work without their permission, even if Joe Smith is [[I Do Not Own|upfront about the fact that he is not the author]].
 
Do not confuse [[Trademark]] infringement with [[Copyright]] infringement. While almost all [[Fan Fiction]] of works not in the [[Public Doman]] involves (of necessity) trademark infringement, it would be safe to say that no fan fiction involves plagiarism (and thus copyright infringement) of original sources; it makes no sense when one's target audience would recognize [[Canon]] material immediately. What little copying exists is typically on the level of [[Fair Use]]. (It is not unheard of, though, for would-be fanfic authors to plagiarize works from other fanfic authors.)
Almost all [[Fan Fiction]] involves some plagiarism and copyright infringement, though most authors turn a blind eye to it as long as it isn't earning the fanfic writer any money (fanfic is of course not copyright infringement if the characters and events are all in the public domain).
 
It is sometimes debatable if a similar plot, introduced in a different setting and written differently with most of the details changed, still counts as plagiarism. ''[[The Inheritance Cycle]]'' is an example of this, with the first two books having a plot line that is quite similar to ''[[Star Wars]]'' but with many different details and an entirely different setting. Whether or not [[Christopher Paolini]] is actually guilty of plagiarism is [[Serious Business|hotly debated]] between [[Fan Boy|hardcore fans]] and [[Fan Hater]].
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Parodies in TV and movies often eschew both of these in favour of simply changing the plot just enough so that it technically counts as an independent work. In other cases, the work is blatantly a parody of something else, and the authors generally argue that parodies are protected under the [[Fair Use]] doctrine.
 
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{{reflist}}
[[Category:Useful Notes]]
[[Category:Plagiarism]]
[[Category:PagesMechanics withof comment tagsWriting]]
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