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[[File:majiang_1087.jpg|link=Lust, Caution|right]]
Mahjong (麻將) is arguably the quintessential East Asian gambling game, although it does not require money stakes. It originated in China during the last half of the 19th century, although the exact details of its creation are [[Shrouded in Myth]]. It also has numerous variants; common variants with major differences from the Chinese/Hong Kong variants are detailed in their own sections below. It is not to be confused (although it far too often is) with [[Shanghai (
Mahjong is generally played on a square table, with one player seated on each side, as in contract bridge. The game is played using rectangular tiles, with four identical tiles of each type in the set, and at least 34 different tiles, for a total of at least 136 tiles.
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*** Big Three Dragons: A Pong or Kong of each dragon tile. This is hard to accomplish because (a) you must draw two of each dragon before your opponents discard the other two, and (b) if you Pong two dragons, any sensible opponent will avoid discarding the third to give you the special hand. Additional bonus points if the other 5 tiles are a pong of a wind and a pair of another wind.
*** Big Four Winds: A Pong or Kong of each wind tile. Even harder to accomplish than Big Three Dragons but for the same reasons. Additional bonus points if the pair in your hand is a dragon.
*** Kong Hand: [[Exactly What It Says
* [[Obvious Rule Patch]]: The "kuitan nashi" house rule in the Japanese Riichi variant.
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== [[Anime]] and [[Manga]] ==
* ''[[
** ''[[Akagi]]'', a prequel to the above.
** ''[[Washizu Lord of Mahjong Hell]]'' as well.
* ''[[Saki (
* ''[[Futaba
* In '''[[
* ''[[Miyuki
* ''[[The Legend of Koizumi]]'', in which ''all world politics'' are secretly carried out by behind-the-scenes high-stakes mahjong games between politicians, referred to in public as "negotiations". [[The Pope]] explains that mahjong is mankind's attempt to recreate genesis.
** And all of that is before {{spoiler|the Nazis, who have colonized the moon, show up and the characters get involved in games where losing points equates to having your life force sucked out of your body and a full on loss literally killing you.}}
* ''[[Detective Conan]]'' - Kogorou loves playing it, but he's not very good; and Ran, being [[Born Lucky]], tends to win rather improbable hands.
* ''[[Higurashi no Naku Koro
** This "recycled into a [[Mahjong]] game" business happens to many different series (Evangelion, Gundam, Haruhi-chan, to name a few). Even the Super Mario series is not immune.
* ''[[Saiyuki]]'' - The four main characters are often seen playing Mahjong (and it's all but spelled out that they all cheat blatantly). Sanzo in particular once managed to draw the jaw-droppingly impossible Kokushi Musou (see [[Luck-Based Mission]] above). (But then, he's [[Sanzo]].) Gojyo once wisecracked that the only reason he was saving Goku's life was to make sure they had a fourth for mahjong games.
** Chin Yisou, one of the original series villains, had somewhat of a Mahjong theme.
** The occasion of Sanzo's astonishing draw was doubly symbolically loaded, in that it was concluded with a West tile (as referenced above), suggesting both the group's westward journey and its frequent consequences.
* ''[[
* [[Bitch in Sheep's Clothing|Kakei]] from [[Legal Drug]] is revealed in an omake to love Mahjong. Considering he's a [[Seer]], it's a wonder why anyone agrees to play with him.
* The third series of ''[[Kaiji]]'' has a two-player variant called Minefield Mahjong.
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== [[Film]] / Live Action ==
* There's a quick gag in ''[[
{{quote| '''Alvy''' ''(performing standup)''''':''' I was thrown out of N.Y.U. my freshman year for cheating on my metaphysics final, you know. I looked within the soul of the boy sitting next to me. When I was thrown out, my mother, who was an emotionally high-strung woman, locked herself in the bathroom and took an overdose of Mah-Jongg tiles.}}
* ''[[Lust, Caution]]'' begins with a Mahjong game, and the game is being played on several occasions throughout the film.
== [[Literature]] ==
* The [[Discworld]] novel "[[Discworld
* The ''[[
* ''[[
* The [[
== [[Live Action TV]] ==
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== [[Western Animation]] ==
* In ''[[Kung Fu Panda]]'', Po's father mentions that his great-grandfather won his noodle shop in a game of mahjong.
* Seen a few times in ''[[
* In ''[[Chowder]]'', Truffles is a Mahjong player. Since Truffles is a classic ''[[Alter Kocker|yenta,]]'' it's probably the American game.
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