Display title | All the Little Germanies |
Default sort key | All the Little Germanies |
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Page ID | 40785 |
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Date of page creation | 21:27, 1 November 2013 |
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Date of latest edit | 23:38, 5 January 2021 |
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Article description: (description ) This attribute controls the content of the description and og:description elements. | When Francis II abdicated as Holy Roman Emperor in 1804 and assumed the title of Francis I of the Empire of Austria, the implied acceptance of the death of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, though dictated by Napoleon, was simply a recognition of reality. Napoleon, however, having shattered German unity legally, ironically went a good way toward re-establishing it politically by amalgamating the tiny imperial states into larger units; Bavaria and Württemberg became Kingdoms on January 1, 1806, Saxony followed on December 20, and Westphalia was created as a Kingdom for Napoleon's youngest brother Jérôme in 1807. After the fall of Napoleon, the Congress of Vienna in 1815 ratified most of Napoleon's foundations (Westphalia being a notable exception) while restoring some of the larger earlier units such as Hanover (now also raised to a Kingdom). Prussia increased dramatically in size, having been awarded substantial territories in the Rhineland, in recognition of the magnitude of her efforts against Napoleon - and of her army.[1] After the Empire itself ceased, the run-up to the establishment of the Deutsches Reich may be considered the period of All the Little Germanies (or, as the Germans called it, the 'Biedermeier' period). |