Hi, GethN7; I figured you'd know about how this wiki works, so I figured I'd ask.
I notice here some links are differently-colored but when I look at the page I link to, its source doesn't have anything special to tell ATT to color it a certain way, and I'm thinking if this is an extension, maybe Miraheze could put it on my wiki for World of Kirbycraft to make it obvious when linking to a map, object, or character page.
Ask User:Labster about it. It's a custom extension for our wiki, he can modify it easily for yours.
Sure. Open a Phabricator task to install Extension:Highlight Links in Category on your wiki. You'll need to say the name of the category(s) you want to be colored, and the name of the CSS class you want that category to have. And then add some rules for those classes to your Common.css page. Look for a.trope on our Mediawiki:Common.css page for how we style it.