The Declaration of Independence

The Declaration of Independence is a statement adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, announcing that the thirteen American colonies then at war with Great Britain were no longer a part of the British Empire. Drafted by Thomas Jefferson, and revised and approved by the Second Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, the Declaration is a formal explanation of why Congress had voted on July 2 to obtain independence.

The Declaration of Independence provides examples of the following tropes:

The American Revolution: Although the Revolution had been in progress for about a year before the Declaration was written, the Declaration was intended to justify it in terms of expelling an occupying army serving a tyrant.
Follow the Leader: it inspired a lot of similar Declarations of Independence during the following century.
Have a Gay Old Time: Manly Firmness.
List of Transgressions: Committed by the King and his forces and representatives in the Colonies.
Long List: It goes on for quite a while.
La Résistance: Was essentially an explanation of why the colonies had a right to form one.
We ARE Struggling Together!: Pretty much describes the process of getting the Colonies (or rather, their representatives in Congress) to agree to it.
You Bastard: Was an extended version of this trope to King George III.

The Declaration of Independence plays an important role in the following works:

Film - Live-Action

1776 is story of how the Declaration came to be -- and a Musical Comedy that is still somehow both suspenseful and reasonably historically accurate.
In National Treasure a copy of the Declaration holds a clue to the whereabouts of a fantastic treasure trove.

Theater

The original stage version of 1776, mentioned above.

Western Animation

This document was part of the plot of one of the nineties era Johnny Quest episodes, also featuring the Jersey Devil, where it served as the MacGuffin.